Enhancement of Structured Reporting – an Integration Reporting Module with Radiation Dose Collection Supporting

Collection of radiation dose derived from radiological examination is necessary not only for radiation protection, but also for fulfillment of structured reports. However, the material regarding of radiation dose cannot be directly utilized by the Radiological Information System (RIS) since it is generated and only stored in the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). In this paper, an integration reporting module is proposed to facilitate handling of dose information and structured reporting by providing two functionalities. First, a gateway is established to automatically collect the related information from PACS for further analyzing and monitoring the accumulated radiation. Second, the designated structured reporting patterns with corresponding radiation dose measurements can be acquired by radiologists as necessary. In the design, the radiation dose collection gateway and the well-established pattern are collocated to achieve that there is no need to do manual entry for structured reporting, thus increasing productivity and medical quality.     

Regional Variation of Climatic Influences on West Nile Virus Outbreaks in the United States

The national resurgence of human West Nile virus (WNV) disease in 2012 raised questions about the factors responsible for WNV outbreaks. Interannual climatic variations may influence WNV amplification and transmission to humans through multiple pathways, including mosquito breeding habitats, gonotrophic cycles, extrinsic incubation, avian communities, and human behavior. We examined the influences of temperature and precipitation anomalies on interannual variation in human WNV cases in three regions of the United States. There were consistent positive influences of winter temperatures, weaker and more variable positive effects of spring and summer temperatures, and highly variable precipitation effects that ranged from positive to negative. The overwintering period may be a particularly important climatic constraint on the dynamics of WNV in cold-temperate regions of North America. Geographic differences in the seasonal timing and relative importance of climatic drivers of WNV risk likely reflect underlying variability in key ecological and social characteristics.     

High Interleukin-10 Expression in Type 2 T Helper Cells in Septic Patients

Interleukin (IL)-10 response is associated with mortality in patients with sepsis. IL-10 is primarily produced by monocytes and type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in IL-10 production between monocytes and Th2 cells in patients with sepsis. Forty patients with sepsis and 35 healthy controls were enrolled. Cytokine expressions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were measured by flow cytometry. The IL-10 expression in the Th2 cells of the septic patients was higher than in the healthy controls, but the expression of IL-10 in the monocytes of the septic patients was lower than in the healthy controls. After regression analysis, IL-10 expression in Th2 cells was positively associated with sepsis, but IL-10 expression in monocytes was not associated with sepsis or shock. In conclusion, the production of IL-10 in Th2 cells was higher in the patients with sepsis.     

Reappraisal of the characteristics of glucose abnormalities in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection

OBJECTIVES: There is growing evidence suggesting the mutual link between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the impact of HCV infection on the suite of glucose abnormalities has rarely been investigated. The study aimed to determine the difference regarding the prevalence and the characteristics of glucose abnormalities between chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients and community-based controls. It also aimed to investigate the related clinical, virological, and histological features of glucose abnormalities in HCV infection.
METHODS: Six hundred eighty-three CHC patients and 515 sex-/age-matched controls were included. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 522 CHC patients and 447 controls without known T2DM. Clinical data were assessed upon the different stages of glucose abnormalities based on OGTT results.
RESULTS: The prevalence of normoglycemia, IGT, and T2DM in 683 CHC patients was 27.7%, 34.6%, and 37.8%, respectively. There was a significant linear trend from normoglycemia to T2DM in terms of age, family history of T2DM, and advanced liver fibrosis in CHC patients. For those CHC patients without fibrosis, the prevalence of glucose abnormalities reached 67.9% high. All CHC patients carried a significantly higher prevalence than controls regarding those aged <65 yr. For those without known DM, there was a 3.5-fold increase in the prevalence of glucose abnormalities in CHC (65.8%) patients in comparison with controls (35.3%) (OR 3.51, 95% CI 2.70–4.56, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: CHC patients carried a high prevalence of glucose abnormalities. Determination of glucose abnormalities by OGTT may be suggested.     

普米克令舒联合硫酸镁治疗新生儿胎粪吸入综合征的临床研究

目的 探讨普米克令舒联合硫酸镁治疗新生儿胎粪吸入综合征的临床效果.方法 纳入广东省茂名市人民医院2010年4月～2014年4月收治的新生儿胎粪吸入综合征患儿123例.将其分为观察组(n=43)、硫酸镁组(n=40)、普米克令舒组(n=40).观察组采用普米克令舒联合硫酸镁治疗,硫酸镁组给予硫酸镁治疗,普米克令舒组给予普米克令舒治疗.对比分析三组患儿治疗前后动脉血气指标水平、肺动脉收缩压(PASP)、氧暴露时间、住院时间及疗效.结果 观察组治疗后12、24 hpH与同期硫酸镁组和普米克令舒组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),血氧分压明显高于硫酸镁组和普米克令舒组,动脉血二氧化碳分压明显低于硫酸镁组和普米克令舒组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组治疗后12、24 h PASP水平明显低于硫酸镁组和普米克令舒组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组氧暴露时间[(5.49±0.85)d]和住院时间[(12.95±2.31)d]均显著短于硫酸镁组[(7.93±1.12)、(16.41±2.57)d]及普米克令舒组[(7.78±1.05)、(16.23±2.41)d],差异有统计学意义(P＜ 0.05);观察组总有效率(86.05％)显著高于硫酸镁组(65.00％)和普米克令舒组(62.50％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 普米克令舒联合硫酸镁治疗新生儿胎粪吸入综合征临床效果显著,具有重要的临床研究价值.     

关节镜下内减压术治疗膝关节半月板囊肿的应用

目的：分析探讨关节镜下减压术治疗膝关节半月板囊肿的临床效果。方法选取该院2012年12月—2013年12月收治的膝关节半月板囊肿患者72例,采用膝关节镜下内减压术及半月板部分或全部切除或缝合治疗,术后指导患者进行膝关节功能锻炼。对所有患者进行随访,术前术后均进行膝关节Lysholm 功能评分,对比观察疗效。结果术前Lysholm 功能评分为（58.6±9.2）分,明显高于术后评分（93.3±4.6）分,术前术后评分对比t=18.167,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论关节镜下减压术及切除或缝合半月板治疗膝关节半月板囊肿具有非常好的疗效,创伤较小,术后患者的膝关节功能恢复情况良好,可以显著提高患者的生活质量,对膝关节稳定性及生理功能干扰较小,值得临床大力推广。