Infants born to narcotic dependent mothers: Physical growth patterns in the first 12 months of life

Objectives: To describe the physical growth patterns of infants born to narcotic dependent mothers (INDM) over a 12 months period and, if possible, to relate the growth to drug taking patterns during pregnancy.
Methodology: The growth of a cohort of 43 INDM was measured during the first 12 months of life. Weight and length measurements were compared with percentile charts and converted to Z scores. Questionnaire data about drug taking practices, demographic variables and the neonatal period (including withdrawal scores) were obtained.
Results: Twenty-four (55.8%) of INDM had evidence of neonatal drug withdrawal requiring treatment with phenobarbitone. At birth, Z scores for weight and length indicated relative intrauterine growth retardation. By 12 months, there had been some catch up growth, but Z scores for weight and length were still below zero. Persistent weight retardation at 12 months was correlated with methadone dosage during pregnancy, but not the need for phenobarbitone therapy.
Conclusions: The growth patterns of INDM in the first 12 months of life indicated that at birth there was evidence of intrauterine growth retardation, but by 12 months the growth was little different from the rest of the community. There appears to be some influence of narcotic agents taken while pregnant on subsequent growth of INDM.     

农村公共卫生管理政府责任缺位的应对措施

目的：探讨农村公共卫生管理政府责任缺位的应对措施。方法针对我地区农村公共卫生管理政府责任缺位,提出建议民营资本进驻的建议,并提供具体方法,分析其实际效果。结果干预后农村医疗总床位数及初级以上执业人员均显著多于干预前（P＜0.05）,干预后患者总住院时间短于干预前（P＜0.05）,均次医疗费用少于干预前（P＜0.05）。结论提高政府对农村医疗资源的支持,能有效减低医疗费用,提高农村基层医务人员工作积极性。     

乳鼠心肌细胞的培养

目的：原代培养乳鼠心肌细胞及进行形态学观察。方法：胰蛋白酶和Ⅱ型胶原分离消化心肌组织，差速贴壁和化学方法纯化心肌细胞。结果：12h心肌细胞基本贴壁，1—3天形成细胞簇，并出现同步搏动。结论：胰蛋白酶和胶原酶混合使用可以分离出数量较多、状态良好的心肌细胞。     

兔高胆固醇-动脉粥样硬化模型心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ的表达及阿托伐他汀的干预效果

目的:建立兔高胆固醇-动脉粥样硬化模型,观察心肌组织血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)的表达,探讨阿托伐他汀对心肌组织AngⅡ表达的影响。方法:22只健康雄性新西兰白兔随机分为3组:正常对照组(n=6),高胆固醇饲养组(n=8),高胆固醇饲养加阿托伐他汀(2.5mg·kg-1.d-1)组(n=8)。喂饲8周后,经兔中央动脉取空腹血标本测定血清总胆固醇(TC)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的浓度。取主动脉组织肉眼观察形态学改变;取心肌组织用免疫组化方法测定各组AngⅡ的阳性表达,结果采用阳性单位(PU)表示。结果:高胆固醇饲养组心肌组织AngⅡ的阳性表达显著高于对照组[(21.65±4.20)PU对(4.58±1.20)PU,P<0.05],高胆固醇饲养加阿托伐他汀组AngⅡ的阳性表达(16.50±1.53)PU较高胆固醇饲养组明显降低,但仍显著高于对照组,P<0.05。结论:高胆固醇血症时心肌组织肾素-血管紧张素醛固酮系统(RAAS)处于高度激活状态,阿托伐他汀具有明显的抑制心肌组织RAAS激活的作用。     

Methodological perspectives

This article reviews the history of physiotherapy education and practice by visually handicapped individuals within the United Kingdom, culminating in the establishment of the North London School of Physiotherapy. The School's organization, facilities, selection procedures, and educational curriculum are outlined.     

三维细胞模型在肿瘤研究中的应用

三维细胞模型借助特殊材料或载体在体外培养不同种类的细胞,使细胞在三维环境中生长、迁移和分化。三维细胞模型为细胞提供接近体内生存的体外环境,使细胞的基因表达、信号传递更具生理学相关性。本文从三维细胞模型的概念与分类入手,综述了近几年三维细胞模型在肿瘤微环境、肿瘤转移与抗肿瘤药物研发的应用与进展。基于三维细胞模型目前存在的不足,对其在肿瘤治疗中的应用提出了设想与展望。     

143例中老年慢性肾衰竭患者双能X线骨密度结果分析

目的 研究中老年慢性肾衰竭CKD3期～CKD5期患者骨质疏松情况,分析骨质疏松与慢性肾衰竭、年龄、体重指数及性别的相关性,探讨慢性肾衰竭所致骨质疏松的早期表现。方法 ①采用双能X线骨密度仪测定腰椎正位(L1～L4)和股骨颈、Ward's三角、大粗隆的骨密度;②测量143例中老年慢性肾衰竭患者及对照组165例骨密度(BMD)值,采用病例对照法分析慢性肾衰竭对骨质疏松发病率的影响;③采用Logistic多元回归法分析慢性肾衰竭、年龄、性别及体重指数对骨质疏松的影响。结果 ①中老年慢性肾衰竭患者的骨质疏松发病率为79.02％,明显高于对照组(47.88％);②CKD3、4、5期患者中,骨质疏松患病率随肾功能减退而逐渐增加;骨质疏松与慢性肾衰竭及年龄正相关,与体重指数负相关;④Ward's三角的骨质疏松患病率及骨量减少程度高于股骨其他部位及腰椎。结论 慢性肾衰竭是骨质疏松的重要影响因素。Ward's三角可作为早期诊断骨质疏松的首选检查部位。