Treatment of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula with detachable balloon.

From November 1986 to February 1989, 18 patients with traumatic carotid-cavernous fistulas were treated by means of detachable balloon, which was made by ourselves. Successful embolization was achieved in 15 patients. Draining features of the fistulas and methods of embolization were introduced. The method was compared with other methods. Selection of treatments and problems in embolization are discussed.

     

Quantitative study of the number of Langerhans cells per surface unit in allergic contact eczema

The key role of the Langerhans cell (LC) in the immune response and particularly in allergic contact dermatitis is well documented. At first, we determined in the epidermis of the forearm by a non-sensitized adult volunteer, the variations in the density of LC (number/mm2), following the application of various chemicals: nickel sulphate 5 p. 100; erythromycin base 2 p. 100, 2,4-dinitro-1-chlorobenzene (DNCB) 0.02 p. 100 in white petrolatum. Measurements were made at 6, 24 and 48 hours. In a second stage, the volunteer was sensitized to DNCB and a similar study was performed after application of DNCB 0.02 p. 100 at 6 and 24 hours. Normal skin was used as control. The epidermis was obtained by using the suction blister method: LC were identified by the enzymatic ATPase technique and by the immunocytological OKT6 technique. Surfaces were determined by means of a computerized digital tablet. Results obtained with the ATPase technique cannot be interpreted. The density of LC determined by the OKT6 is not significantly modified when the various chemicals are applied on the skin of the non-sensitized volunteer. After sensitization to DNCB, the number of LC is significantly increased after 6 hours of application of DNCB 0.02 p. 100 but not after 24 hours. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary observations.     

即刻种植动物模型的建立及意义

为建立与临床即刻种植相符的动物模型,采用去骨法扩大犬下颌前磨牙新鲜拔牙创和种植直径２ｍｍ自攻螺纹式纯钛种植体,对以往即刻种植动物实验模型加以改进,使种植体植入后其近中留有３ｍｍ×３ｍｍ×５ｍｍ的骨缺损区,设计为异体脱钙冻干骨粒（ＤＦＤＢＡ）植入组和对照组,于术后２周、４周、８周、１２周取材观察骨缺损愈合情况。结果,ＤＦＤＢＡ植入组１２周骨缺损为新骨替代,对照组骨缺损仅修复３／５。该模型制作简便、制模时间短、接近临床,是一种较好的用于即刻种植研究的动物模型     

Gene–gene interactions in IL23/Th17 pathway contribute to psoriasis susceptibility in Chinese Han population

Background Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. IL23/Th17 is a newly confirmed pathway in psoriasis. Objective To investigate the gene–gene interactions in IL23/Th17 pathway underlying psoriasis. Methods A total of 299 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms from 11 genes in IL23/Th17 pathway were genotyped on 1139 patients with psoriasis and 1694 controls. Multifactor dimensionality reduction and logistic regression algorithms were applied to explore the gene–gene interactions. Results We found that there were a three‐way interaction among IL21, CCR4 and TNF(χ² = 5.02(1), P = 0.025) and three pair‐wise gene–gene interactions between IL12RB1 and CCR4(χ² = 11.66(4), P = 0.0201), IL22 and CCR4 (χ² = 11.97(4), P = 0.0176), IL12RB1 and IL6 (χ² = 7.31(1), P = 0.0069) in psoriasis. Conclusions Our results might be helpful for explaining the missing heritability of the psoriasis due to epistasis and provide a deep insight into the important role of the IL23/Th17 pathway in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.     

Retinal vein occlusions and mortality: the Beijing Eye Study

PURPOSE: To assess the association between retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and mortality in a population-based setting. DESIGN: Population-based, longitudinal study. METHODS: At baseline in 2001, the Beijing Eye Study examined 4,335 subjects for RVO with a frequency of detected vein occlusions of 61 (1.4%) in 4,335 subjects. In 2006, all study participants were invited for a follow-up examination. RESULTS: Of the 4,335 subjects, 3,195 (73.7%) returned for follow-up examination, whereas 132 (3.0%) subjects had died and 1,008 (23.3%) subjects declined to be re-examined or had moved away. For the subjects younger than 70 years or than 65 years, respectively, RVO was associated significantly with an increased mortality rate (P = .05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.995 to 8.26; and P = .001; 95% CI, 2.11 to 18.73, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: RVO in relatively young persons may signal a significant risk of mortality.     

rt—PA在血脑屏障氧糖剥夺体外模型中对神经细胞保护的研究

目的观察重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（rt—PA）在体外血脑屏障氧糖剥夺模型中对神经细胞的影响,探讨rt—PA对脑缺血神经元的保护作用。方法利用Transwell培养小室为支架,构成以人血管上皮细胞为基础的体外血脑屏障模型;利用厌氧培养箱及无糖培养液,建立体外缺血缺氧模型;在体外缺血缺氧模型基础上,采用组织培养技术,培养神经细胞,并在缺血缺氧条件下,使用MTT法进行检测不同剂量rt—PA对神经细胞活性的影响。结果分别在氧糖剥夺实验（OGD）及非0GD条件下,在不同rt—PA药物的浓度作用下,低浓度（0．3125ug／mL）对非0GD条件下神经细胞的生长有促进作用,在OGD条件下,低浓度（0．625ug／mL,0．3125gg／mL）对神经细胞同样具有保护作用。结论rt—PA可能对脑缺血后神经细胞存在保护作用,并与rt—PA的剂量相关,在0GD条件下,低剂量rt—PA对神经细胞的保护作用更为显著。     

Changes of blood humoral substances in experimental cirrhosis and their effects on portal hemodynamics

The changes of humoral substances in the blood of cirrhotic rats were studied together with their effects on portal hemodynamics at different stages during the development of cirrhosis. The profiles of humoral substances and hemodynamics in two different cirrhotic rat models were also investigated. During the development of cirrhosis, glucagon increased markedly in all stages, histamine and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) increased in the early stage, serotonin (5-HT) and somatostatin (SS) increased in the middle and late stages. There were different patterns of humoral substances in different cirrhotic models. Glucagon was the main humoral substance elevated in CCL4 induced cirrhosis, but histamine and 5-HT were mainly elevated in the blood in thioacetamide (TAA) induced cirrhosis. The hemodynamics altered differently in different stages during the development of cirrhosis and differently in the two cirrhotic rat models. Exchange transfusions between normal and cirrhotic rats resulted in an elevation of portal flow in normal rats, but no such changes were found after exchange pressure and an increase of portal blood transfusions between normal rats. The relationship between the humoral substances and portal hemodynamics is discussed. The results of this study strongly support the hypothesis of "humoral mechanism" in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension due to cirrhosis.