Baroreceptor regulation of blood circulation in healthy persons and in patients with hypertension

Carotid sinus baroreceptor stimulation by generating subatmospheric pressure in a special neck chamber was used to examine the hemodynamic baroregulation in males divided into 4 groups: (1) healthy subjects; (2) patients with Stages IB to IIA hypertensive disease; (3) those with Stage IIB hypertension; (4) those with malignant hypertension. In Group 2, the patients had a lower ability of carotid baroreflexes to damp elevated systolic pressure whereas in Group 3 there was baroreflex readjustment and effective vasomotor control was increased, which appeared as more pronounced lowering of blood pressure elevations. The patients with malignant hypertension showed a decreased effective baroreflex control of circulation, which might be one of the factors causing that course of the disease.     

Cyclooxygenase-2 promotes early atherosclerotic lesion formation in ApoE-deficient and C57BL/6 mice

Cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. We have previously reported that selective inhibition of COX-2 reduces early atherosclerosis in LDLR deficient mice. To examine the role of COX-2 in atherosclerosis in other mouse models, we studied the effects of selective COX-2 inhibition (by rofecoxib and NS-398) and nonselective COX inhibition (by indomethacin) on early atherosclerotic lesion formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. Selective COX-2 and nonselective COX inhibition reduced atherosclerosis in female apoE(-/-) mice by 35-38% and 38-51% in the proximal and en face aortas, respectively. Next we investigated the role of macrophage COX-2 by transplanting COX-2(-/-) fetal liver cells into C57BL/6 mice and challenging the mice with an atherogenic diet. Genetic deletion of COX-2 from hematopoietic cells reduced atherosclerosis by 51%. In addition, LPS activated COX-2(-/-) macrophages had decreased expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha). The results demonstrate that selective inhibition of COX-2 and elimination of COX-2 from macrophages significantly reduces early atherosclerotic lesion formation in apoE-deficient and C57BL/6 mice. These results are compatible with COX-2 expression by macrophages having a proatherogenic role, and support the potential of anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches for atherosclerosis.     

Characteristics of work conditions of repair mechanics engaged in the production of non-metallic construction materials]

The article contains data on the evaluation of the physical and neuropsychic load, thermoregulation processes', CVS and CNS and neuro-muscular states in the workers engaged in ore crushing equipment service, in particular, in sand and gravel extraction enterprises in Tadzhikistan, USSR. It was established that the major unfavourable occupational factor lay in physical overload against neuropsychic strain resulting into marked changes in CVS, CNS, thermoregulation and neuro-muscular state. The contributors provided hygienic recommendation for labour conditions improvements.     

Combined therapy with isosorbide dinitrate, propranolol and nifedipine in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease]

Forty six patients with stable effort angina were treated with a combination of propranolol, nifedipine, and isosorbide dinitrate which produced a more profound anti-antianginal effect than each of them given alone. The combination also exerted more marked antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic effects. The combined therapy with the three drugs caused a moderate reduction in heart rate and peripheral resistance, but failed to result in clear-cut disturbances in the orthostatic regulation of the circulatory system. There was a more infrequent and less pronounced ST-segment depression, less marked pressor responses and higher heart rate with the combined therapy during exercise; the cardiac index also increased as before therapy. Physical fitness increased to a greater extent than with monotherapy. The combined therapy with three drugs is indicated when monotherapy fails and that with two agents is indicated when patients have concurrent essential hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias.     

前列腺增生症术后性功能障碍

前列腺增生症术后性功能障碍孔良王伟明叶敏我们调查了２４７例因良性前列腺增生症（ＢＰＨ）行耻骨上前列腺摘除术（ＳＰＰ）或经尿道前列腺切除术（ＴＵＲＰ）患者术后性功能障碍的发生率，并探讨其可能的原因。病人与方法：本组２４７例中ＳＰＰ１１４例，ＴＵＲＰ１３...     

Empowering health personnel for decentralized health planning in India: The Public Health Resource Network

The Public Health Resource Network is an innovative distance-learning course in training, motivating, empowering and building a network of health personnel from government and civil society groups. Its aim is to build human resource capacity for strengthening decentralized health planning, especially at the district level, to improve accountability of health systems, elicit community participation for health, ensure equitable and accessible health facilities and to bring about convergence in programmes and services.     

Regenerative reactions of myocardiocyte nuclei in ischemic heart disease]

The ploidy of myocardiocytes nuclei in the left ventricle was determined stereometrically and microspectrophotometrically in 20 cases of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 9 control cases. An increase in the number of nuclei and the degree of their ploidy and their correlation with the myocardium mass were established. The number of polyploid nuclei was particularly high in the periphery of postinfarction scars. These data indirectly indicate the participation of polyploidization and amitosis of myocardiocytes nuclei in the development of myocardial regenerative hypertrophy.