Nerve growth factor and tyrosine kinase A in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma: expression patterns and effects on in vitro invasive behavior.

PURPOSE: Perineural invasion is a frequent occurrence in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and may prevent complete surgical resection. Studies have indicated that nerve growth factor (NGF) and its high-affinity receptor tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) may play a role in perineural invasion in several malignancies in which perineural invasion is observed. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of NGF and TrkA in salivary ACC and to examine the effects of NGF on adhesion, migration and invasion capacities of a salivary ACC cell line (SACC-83) in vitro. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Expression of NGF and TrkA was explored using immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissues of 32 cases of salivary ACC. The effects of NGF on in vitro adhesion, migration, and invasion capacities of the SACC-83 cell line were examined using an MTT assay and a modified Boyden chamber assay respectively. RESULTS: In ACC specimens, 31 (96.9%) and 32 (100%) tumors showed immunoreactivity for NGF and TrkA respectively. Significant correlations were found between NGF/TrkA expression levels and perineural invasion (P < .05). In cell adhesion assay, the percent adherences of SACC-83 cells co-cultured with 25 ng/ml NGF at 1.5 hours and 5, 25 ng/ml NGF at 6 hours were significantly higher than that co-cultured with 0 ng/ml NGF (P < .05). However, high concentration of NGF (500 ng/ml) resulted in a significant inhibition of invasion (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Overexpression of NGF and TrkA in human salivary ACC tissues may constitute a reason for perineural invasion in salivary ACC.     

同步放化疗治疗中晚期食管癌60例

目的 观察对中晚期食管癌患者同步放化疗,疗效及毒副作用.方法 中晚期食管癌120例,随机分放化疗组60例(简称放化组)和单纯放疗组60例(简称单放组).放疗采用常规分割,DT40 Gy后缩小照射野,避开脊髓斜野照射,加量DT20～30 Gy,6～7周完成.放化组放疗1、4周后应用顺铂(DDP)20 mg/d、亚叶酸钙(CF)0.1 g/d,CF静脉滴注1/2量时5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)500 mg/d静脉滴注,连续5 d为1个周期,化疗当天进行放疗.结果 放化组与单放组1、2、3年生存率分别为67%、46%、34%和52%、38%、24%;放射性肺炎分别为14例和12例;外周血细胞下降分别为26例和17例;胃肠道反应分别为25例和9例;死亡分别为38例和48例.两组治疗效果比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 放疗同步PLF方案化疗治疗中晚期食管癌生存率高,毒副作用及不良反应低.     

Brain natriuretic peptide enhances the endothelium-independent cAMP and vasorelaxant responses of calcitonin gene-related peptide in rat aorta

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) causes vasorelaxation in rat aorta involving endothelium/nitric oxide (NO)-dependent elevations of both cAMP and cGMP levels. When endothelium is removed, preincubation with exogenous NO uncovers and potentiates direct (endothelium-independent) cAMP elevations and vasorelaxations caused by CGRP. This enhancing effect of NO potentially involves elevation of cGMP and inhibition of Type III (cGMPinhibitable) phosphodiesterase, causing accumulation of cAMP. However, NO may have other actions. The aim of the present study was to determine if brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), which elevates cGMP levels independent of NO, could enhance cAMP accumulations and vasorelaxations induced by CGRP in rat aortic rings denuded of endothelium. When added separately, neither CGRP (100 nM) nor BNP (10 nM) altered cAMP levels. When added in combination, CGRP (100 nM) and BNP (10 nM) significantly elevated cAMP levels (from control of 0.95 ± 0.08 to 1.53 ± 0.09 pmol/mg protein) at 2 min. BNP (10 nM) elevated cGMP levels 10-fold at 2 min and this response was not altered by co-administration of CGRP (100 nM).Pretreatment with BNP at concentrations as low as 1 nM in endothelium-denuded aortic rings greatly enhanced the direct vasorelaxant effects of CGRP (100 nM) (from control of 0% to 57.6 ± 6.8% relaxation of phenylephrineprecontractions). Our findings indicate that BNP enhances direct (endothelium-independent) cAMP elevations and vasorelaxations caused by CGRP in rat aorta, thus supporting the concept that cGMP inhibits cAMP metabolism and enhances CGRP-induced responses in aortic smooth muscle cells.     

大鼠脑缺血时脑细胞膜磷脂含量变化

采用SD大鼠一侧大脑中动脉阻断致局限性脑缺血模型。脑缺血后迅速断头置于液氮中,HPLC外标定量法测定各磷脂组分。观察脑缺血1、5、15、60、360min时脑细胞膜磷脂含量变化。结果显示,PI在缺血早期显著低于对照组(P<0.01～0.05);PE、PC早期仅呈下降趋势,PE在缺血60min组、PC缺血360min组显著低于对照组(P<0.01～0.05)。PS在缺血全过程中变化轻微(P>0.05)。提示磷脂降解与脑缺血存在一定关系,缺血早期首先出现脑细胞膜功能磷脂降解,膜结构磷脂则在缺血后期出现显著变化,且PE较PC优先降解。     

酶组化显示睾丸LDH－X方法的再探讨

对小鼠睾丸冰冻切片ＬＤＨ－Ｘ的显示方法作了进一步探讨。实验表明，以Ｌ－２－羟基－３－甲基戊酸（ＨＭＶ）为特异性底物，能相当有效地显示睾丸ＬＤＨ－Ｘ的分布，且该底物的配制方法简便易行。在显示ＬＤＨ－Ｘ的孵育液中采用萘酚蓝（ＮＢ）作中间递电子体较吩嗪甲基硫酸酯更具优越性。     

胫骨延长术后的功能康复程序初探

胫骨延长术是矫治小儿麻痹后遗症下肢短缩最常见的术式，但如何恢复或改善术后的功能，目前尚无一套系统的程序。本文作者根据自行设计的胫骨延长休后功能康复的临床观察，作较系统地介绍，并就该程序的合理性，进行了讨论与论证。     

Chronic opioid treatment of neuroblastoma X dorsal root ganglion neuron hybrid F11 cells results in elevated GM1 ganglioside and cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels and onset of naloxone-evoked decreases in membrane K+ currents

Prolongation of the action potential duration of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons by low (nM) concentrations of opioids occurs through activation of excitatory opioid receptors that are positively coupled via G_s regulatory protein to adenylate cyclase. Previous results suggested GM1 ganglioside to have an essential role in regulating this excitatory response, but not the inhibitory (APD-shortening) response to higher (μM) opioid concentrations. Furthermore, it was proposed that synthesis of GM1 is upregulated by prolonged activation of excitatory opioid receptor functions. To explore this possibility we have utilized cultures of hybrid F11 cells to carry out closely correlated electrophysiological and biochemical analyses of the effects of chronic opioid treatment on a homogeneous population of clonal cells which express many functions characteristic of DRG neurons. We show that chronic opioid exposure of F11 cells does, in fact, result in elevated levels of GM1 as well as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP), concomitant with the onset of opioid excitatory supersensitivity as manifested by naloxone-evoked decreases in voltage-dependent membrane K⁺ currents. Such elevation of GM1 would be expected to enhance the efficacy of excitatory opioid receptor activation of the G_s/adenylate cyclase/cyclic AMP system, thereby providing a positive feedback mechanism that may account for the remarkable supersensitivity of chronic opioid-treated neurons to the excitatory effects of opioid agonists as well as antagonists. These in vitro findings may provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndromes and opioid-induced hyperalgesia after chronic opiatf addiction in vivo. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

铜绿假单胞菌全细胞脂肪酸气相色谱分析及应用

本研究用计算机控制，可程序升温的毛细管柱气相色谱（ＧＣ）仪分析４８株铜绿假单胞菌标准株和临床株、部分常见假单胞菌、肠杆菌的细胞脂肪酸。结果表明：月桂烯酸（Ｃ１２：１），月桂酸（Ｃ１２：０）、十三碳烯酸（Ｃ１３：１）、十三碳酸（Ｃ１３：０）、肉豆劳动脑酸（Ｃ１４：１）、十七碳稀酸（Ｃ１７：１）、十七碳酸（Ｃ１７：０）、硬脂酸（Ｃ１８：０）和花生四烯酸（Ｃ２０：４）是铜绿包菌有鉴别意义的脂肪酸，组成与     

Identification of cultured male epidermal allografts by detecting Y chromosome DNA fragments in female burn victims

ltiswellknownthattheskinofextensivelyburnedcasesthemselvesisinsufficienttoprovidecoverageforwounds.Thoughallogeneicskincancoverthewoundstemporari1y,itwillberejectedwithin2-3weeks.Thiscanthreatenthepatient'slifeifthereisnoenoughautogenousskintoreplacetherejectedoneontime.GreenetalL1]reportedthattheburnwoundsofpatientswithextensiveburnscouldbetreatedbytransplantingepidermalautograftsafterautologousepidermalcellsmulti-plyforthousandsoftimesinvltrowithinashortperiodoftime-Butittakesatleast2-3weeks…     

第Ⅲ段肝管空肠吻合解除肝门部胆管恶性梗阻

肝门部胆管恶性梗阻的治疗仍然十分困难。若不解除胆道梗阻,病人很快因肝细胞功能衰竭而死亡。由于肿瘤在肝门部侵润性生长,直接经肝门的手术往往不可能实现。1980～1993年间,我们采用第Ⅲ段肝管空肠吻合术姑息治疗28例肝门部胆管恶性梗阻的黄疸病人。24例为肝门部胆管癌,2例为胆囊癌,2例为胃癌肝门部淋巴结转移。术后19例病人恢复顺利;5例发生并发症,4例病人手术后死亡。24例存活病人中,19例黄疸完全消退3月以上,手术有效率为79％。4例黄疸再次出现,2例因胆管炎需要入院治疗。作者认为:第Ⅲ段肝管空肠吻合术能有效解除不能切除的肝门部恶性肿瘤病人的胆道梗阻。