全文获取类型
收费全文 | 902篇 |
免费 | 32篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 8篇 |
儿科学 | 38篇 |
妇产科学 | 5篇 |
基础医学 | 98篇 |
口腔科学 | 15篇 |
临床医学 | 84篇 |
内科学 | 197篇 |
皮肤病学 | 36篇 |
神经病学 | 48篇 |
特种医学 | 34篇 |
外科学 | 107篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 32篇 |
眼科学 | 23篇 |
药学 | 73篇 |
肿瘤学 | 139篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 23篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 28篇 |
2013年 | 37篇 |
2012年 | 68篇 |
2011年 | 94篇 |
2010年 | 50篇 |
2009年 | 53篇 |
2008年 | 81篇 |
2007年 | 79篇 |
2006年 | 53篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 54篇 |
2003年 | 39篇 |
2002年 | 50篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有940条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
72.
Norepinephrine applied in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus stimulates vasopressin release 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The present experiments were designed to investigate the effect of norepinephrine (NE) applied directly in the area of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus on arginine-vasopressin (AVP) release and blood pressure. A microinjection of 0.4 micrograms NE in the PNV produced a plasma AVP level of 26.3 +/- 5.3 pg/ml compared to 5.3 +/- 0.6 pg/ml in controls receiving dextrose (P less than 0.001). This rise was associated with blood pressure elevations varying between 10 and 13 mm Hg, lasting for about 5 min. Systemic injection of an antivasopressor AVP antagonist reversed or prevented the blood pressure rise induced by NE microinjection. The data suggest that locally applied NE in vasopressinergic neurons of the hypothalamus stimulates the release of AVP and induces an AVP-dependent rise in blood pressure. 相似文献
73.
74.
Yves Santoni Athanassios Iliadis Jean -Paul Cano Roger Luccioni Yves Frances 《Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics》1986,14(1):1-17
Plasma concentrations of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) and its two active metabolites 2-isosorbide mononitrate (2-ISMN) and 5-isosorbide mononitrate (5-ISMN) have been measured during and for 6 hr after intravenous infusion at a rate of 2.5mg/hr during 1.75 hr in six cardiac patients, by a capillary gas chromatographic method. Data were analyzed by simultaneous modeling of the observed kinetics of the three compounds. Two or three phases were detected on the postinfusion ISDN concentration-time curves. ISDN concentrations declined with a mean terminal half-life of 2.81 hr±0.7 SD. The mean systemic clearance of ISDN (2.9 L/min ±0.7 SD) and its mean total volume of distribution (259 L +- 48 SD) were relatively high. Plasma 5-ISMN concentrations were 5- to 6-fold greater than those of 2-ISMN during the whole observation period. Maximum levels of 2-ISMN (6.7 ng/ml ± 0.9 SD) and of 5-ISMN (27 ng/ml ± 6 SD) occurred within a few minutes after the end of infusion. The mean half-lives of 2-ISMN (1.59 hr± 0.19 SD) and of 5-ISMN (3.78 hr± 0.79 SD) estimated by the model were smaller than those calculated by a model-independent method (2.95 hr± 0.41 SD and 5.98 hr± 2.22, respectively), but were in good agreement with those reported in the literature following separate administration of both metabolites to man. This study shows how such modeling can distinguish between metabolite formation and elimination processes and allow the determination of metabolite half-lives after administration of the precursor drug. 相似文献
75.
Eleven patients with advanced cancer received navelbine (15 mg/m2) as a single i.v. bolus injection. At least 1 week later, the patients were given a 2-fold increased dose of navelbine (30 mg/m2) and, for seven of them, the 30-mg/m2 dose was repeated after a delay longer than a week. After each administration, plasma and urine were collected for 72 h and monitored for navelbine concentration by radioimmunoassay. The comparison of dose-normalized plasma level profiles showed significant time dependence (P less than 0.05) in four of the seven assessable patients. Some patients also exhibited significant (P less than 0.05) nonlinear (dose dependent) kinetic profiles. Only 3 of the 10 appreciable patients were characterized by both time independent and linear profiles. However, the plasma concentration decay curves presented a triphasic shape similar to that obtained with other antitumor Vinca alkaloids and the data were consistent with a three-compartment pharmacokinetic model. The dose and/or time dependence evidenced for most of the patients did not result in marked changes in pharmacokinetic parameters among courses. The pharmacokinetics of navelbine were characterized by a high plasma clearance (0.27 to 1.49 liter.h-1.kg-1), a large distribution volume (8.2 to 48.2 liter.kg-1), and a long terminal half-life (22.1 to 67.8 h). Urine excretion was low (less than 7.9%). Thus, navelbine pharmacokinetics resembles that of other antitumor Vinca alkaloids. 相似文献
76.
Application of Bayesian estimation for the prediction of an appropriate dosage regimen of amikacin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R Garraffo A Iliadis J P Cano P Dellamonica P Lapalus 《Journal of pharmaceutical sciences》1989,78(9):753-757
A Bayesian approach was developed to determine an amikacin dosage regimen to achieve the desired plasma concentrations for each patient. Statistical characteristics of pharmacokinetic parameters were first evaluated in a group of patients (reference population), which when combined with three individual plasma concentrations of drug led to a Bayesian estimation of individual pharmacokinetic parameters. By using these parameters, an individual dosage regimen was then established to avoid residual and peak amikacin concentrations of up to 3 and 25 micrograms/mL, respectively. In a test group of 33 patients, adapted amikacin dosage regimens ranged from 4 to 43 mg/kg/d, with schedules requiring up to four infusions per day. Infusion time varied from 40 min to 4 h. These differences in drug administration protocol result from the wide interindividual variability of amikacin pharmacokinetic parameters. Performance of the developed methodology was evaluated by computing bias and precision of the estimated total body clearance and of the trough and peak amikacin concentrations that were reached after dosage regimen determinations. 相似文献
77.
Aristeidis H. Katsanos Dimitrios Patsouras Georgios Tsivgoulis Maria Kosmidou Konstantinos H. Katsanos Athanassios P. Kyritsis Sotirios Giannopoulos 《Neurological sciences》2016,37(4):629-632
The diagnostic utility of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has often been challenged in patients with cryptogenic stroke (CS). We estimated the prevalence of different findings on TEE examination of CS patients, their impact on secondary stroke prevention and the presence of potential age or gender disparities. We reviewed all TEE examinations that were performed in a single echocardiography laboratory during a 7-year-old period to identify CS patients that underwent investigation with TEE. Of the 518 total TEE examinations, we identified 88 CS patients. TEE revealed abnormal findings in 69.3 % of them. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) and atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) were identified in 30.6 and 22.7 % of the patients. Ascending aorta and aortic arch atheromatosis was present in 26.1 % of the patients, with complex atheromatosis diagnosed in 14.7 % of them. Cardiac myxomas were uncovered in 2.3 %. Thrombi in the left atrium and in cardiac valves were reported in 3.4 and 2.3 % of the patients, respectively. Based on TEE findings, the therapeutic management would be very likely modified in 9.1 % of the patients. Subgroup analysis revealed no gender disparities on the prevalence of TEE findings and in secondary stroke prevention, while linear regression analyses revealed significant associations of age with the prevalence of PFO, ASA, aorta atheromatosis and complex aorta atheromatosis. TEE examination should be included in the diagnostic work-up of all CS patients, irrespective of age and gender status, since it can reveal potential sources of embolism and has a significant impact for secondary stroke prevention. 相似文献
78.
Transcranial Doppler versus transthoracic echocardiography for the detection of patent foramen ovale in patients with cryptogenic cerebral ischemia: A systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta‐analysis
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Annals of neurology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Aristeidis H. Katsanos MD Theodora Psaltopoulou MD Theodoros N. Sergentanis MD Alexandra Frogoudaki MD Agathi‐Rosa Vrettou MD Ignatios Ikonomidis MD Ioannis Paraskevaidis MD John Parissis MD Chrysa Bogiatzi MD Christina Zompola MD John Ellul MD Nikolaos Triantafyllou MD Konstantinos Voumvourakis MD Athanassios P. Kyritsis MD Sotirios Giannopoulos MD Anne W. Alexandrov PhD Andrei V. Alexandrov MD Georgios Tsivgoulis MD 《Annals of neurology》2016,79(4):625-635
Schwannomatosis is a genetic disorder characterized by the occurrence of multiple peripheral schwannomas. Segmental schwannomatosis is diagnosed when schwannomas are restricted to 1 extremity and is thought to be caused by genetic mosaicism. We studied 5 patients with segmental schwannomatosis through microstructural magnetic resonance neurography and mutation analysis of NF2, SMARCB1, and LZTR1. In 4 of 5 patients, subtle fascicular nerve lesions were detected in clinically unaffected extremities. Two patients exhibited LZTR1 germline mutations. This appears contrary to a simple concept of genetic mosaicism and suggests more complex and heterogeneous mechanisms underlying the phenotype of segmental schwannomatosis than previously thought. Ann Neurol 2016;80:625–628 相似文献
79.
Alginate microencapsulation of human mesenchymal stem cells as a strategy to enhance paracrine‐mediated vascular recovery after hindlimb ischaemia
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Natalia Landázuri Rebecca D. Levit Giji Joseph Juan Manuel Ortega‐Legaspi Cristina A. Flores Daiana Weiss Athanassios Sambanis Collin J. Weber Susan A. Safley W. Robert Taylor 《Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine》2016,10(3):222-232
Stem cell‐based therapies hold great promise as a clinically viable approach for vascular regeneration. Preclinical studies have been very encouraging and early clinical trials have suggested favourable outcomes. However, significant challenges remain in terms of optimizing cell retention and maintenance of the paracrine effects of implanted cells. To address these issues, we have proposed the use of a cellular encapsulation approach to enhance vascular regeneration. We contained human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in biocompatible alginate microcapsules for therapeutic treatment in the setting of murine hindlimb ischaemia. This approach supported the paracrine pro‐angiogenic activity of hMSCs, prevented incorporation of hMSCs into the host tissue and markedly enhanced their therapeutic effect. While injection of non‐encapsulated hMSCs resulted in a 22 ± 10% increase in vascular density and no increase in perfusion, treatment with encapsulated hMSCs resulted in a 70 ± 8% increase in vascular density and 21 ± 7% increase in perfusion. The described cellular encapsulation strategy may help to better define the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of cell‐based therapies and provide a therapeutic strategy for inducing vascular growth in the adult. As hMSCs are relatively easy to isolate from patients, and alginate is biocompatible and already used in clinical applications, therapeutic cell encapsulation for vascular repair represents a highly translatable platform for cell‐based therapy in humans. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
80.