A simple and economical method for the manual construction of frozen tissue arrays

Tsao S‐C, Wu C‐C, Wen C‐H, Huang Y‐C, Chai C‐Y. A simple and economical method for the manual construction of frozen tissue arrays. APMIS 2010; 118: 739–43. Tissue microarray has been developed to enable multiple cores of tissue in one or more new paraffin blocks. Currently, almost all tissue microarrays are made by coring cylindrical tissues from formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues. The disadvantages of formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues include the poor preservation of antigenicity of certain proteins and mRNA degradation induced by the fixation and embedding process. However, frozen tissue array construction presents technical difficulties, and tissue array devices are expensive, particularly for small‐ and medium‐sized laboratories. We describe a simple manual method for producing well‐aligned tissue arrays by a capsule freeze method that allows us to successfully perform hematoxylin–eosin and immunohistochemical stain. All 120 tissue samples were collected and constructed into blocks by this capsule freeze method. The capsules were not affected during the sectioning process, and the capsule material always disappeared during the aqueous steps of the stain processing. The frozen tissue arrays were smoothly sectioned without the use of a tape transfer system and immunohistochemical study was performed with satisfactory results. This alternative method can be applied in any laboratory, and is both simple and economical.     

一起实验动物型肾综合征出血热流行的调查研究

目的对实验动物型肾综合征出血热疫情进行流行病学调查和病毒学研究,掌握流行特点、疫源范围并控制疫情。方法收集相关流行病学资料,采集大白鼠血清、肺脏组织和接触人群血清标本,用反向被动血凝抑制(RPH I)和间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)检测汉坦病毒抗体或抗原,用RT-PCR法对阳性鼠肺进行汉坦病毒分型。结果2003年5~6月,云南省3个单位的实验动物大白鼠群中发生汉坦病毒流行并导致1人发病,接触人群的平均隐性感染率为20%(15/75);用RPH I和IFA法检测大白鼠血清,汉坦病毒总抗体和IgG抗体阳性率分别为45.99%(63/137)和37.27%(41/110),抗体滴度在1∶20~1∶1 280之间,两种方法检测结果无显著性差异(χ2=1.33,P>0.05);两个疫点单位的大白鼠肺脏组织中汉坦病毒抗原阳性率分别为56.25%(9/16)和35.00%(7/20);用RT-PCR对病毒抗原阳性的大白鼠肺组织进行汉坦病毒分型,证实为汉城型病毒感染。对调查确定的疫点鼠群及饲养场所进行了疫源处理,彻底消灭了传染源,扑灭了疫情。结论本次实验动物型肾综合征出血热流行属汉城型汉坦病毒引起,主要发生在W istar大白鼠鼠群。大白鼠对汉坦病毒高度易感,具有较高的感染率并能产生高滴度的抗体。     

267例细菌性肝脓肿患者的临床表现及病原学分析

目的分析细菌性肝脓肿患者的临床表现、病原学分布及其耐药性。方法回顾性分析267例细菌性肝脓肿患者的临床表现、病原学分布和耐药性。结果267例细菌性肝脓肿患者的主要临床表现为发热(83.89%)、畏寒或寒战(59.18%)、右上腹痛(58.05%)。外周血液白细胞增多占58.80%,门冬氨酸氨基转移酶升高占60.04%,碱性磷酸酶升高占35.96%。所获116株细菌中肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌分别占31.03%、27.59%和8.62%。阿米卡星、头孢菌素类和泰能对革兰阴性菌敏感性较好,喹诺酮类和万古霉素对革兰阳性菌敏感性较好。结论肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为细菌性肝脓肿的优势菌,对当前常用抗生素敏感性较好。     

贝氏柯克斯体的分子生物学进展

Q热是由贝氏柯克斯体引起的呈世界性分布的一种人兽共患疾病。目前,世界反恐组织已将该病病原体列为生物战剂之一。早期应用抗生素对Q热有疗效,而慢性Q热治疗周期长、易复发,死亡率高。贝氏柯克斯体能以气溶胶的形式传播,一旦流行将难以控制,因此对人类危害极大。为进一步研究该病的致病机制、及时有效的诊断手段及其疫苗的开发提供参考依据,本文就贝氏柯克斯体的分子生物学研究进展作简要概述。     

腹部按摩与穴位按压治疗肝病患者便秘的效果观察

目的:观察腹部按摩与穴位按压治疗肝病患者便秘的效果。方法:选择住院的肝病患者75例,随机分为实验组38例和对照组37例。结果:两组均未出现无效病例。两组效果比较,差别无统计学意义。结论:使用腹部按摩与穴位按压的方法治疗便秘,方法简便易行,无副作用,效果与灌肠法相比差异无显著性。通过训练,还可教会患者自我施行,使患者在住院期间掌握一种自我保健的方法。     

d-Glucose sensor based on ZnO·V2O5 NRs by an enzyme-free electrochemical approach

A simple wet-chemical technique was used to prepare zinc oxide-doped vanadium pentaoxide nanorods (ZnO·V₂O₅ NRs) in an alkaline environment. The synthesized ZnO·V₂O₅ NRs were characterized using typical methods, including UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XEDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The d-glucose (d-GLC) sensor was fabricated with modification of a slight coating of nanorods (NRs) onto a flat glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The analytical performances, such as the sensitivity, limit of quantification (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD), linear dynamic range (LDR), and durability, of the proposed d-GLC sensor were acquired by a dependable current–voltage (I–V) process. A calibration curve of the GCE/ZnO·V₂O₅ NRs/Nf sensor was plotted at +1.0 V over a broad range of d-GLC concentrations (100.0 pM–100.0 mM) and found to be linear (R² = 0.6974). The sensitivity (1.27 × 10⁻³ μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻²), LOQ (417.5 mM), and LOD (125 250 μM) were calculated from the calibration curve. The LDR (1.0 μM–1000 μM) was derived from the calibration plot and was also found to be linear (R² = 0.9492). The preparation of ZnO·V₂O₅ NRs by a wet-chemical technique is a good advancement for the expansion of nanomaterial-based sensors to support enzyme-free sensing of biomolecules in healthcare fields. This fabricated GCE/ZnO·V₂O₅ NRs/Nf sensor was used for the recognition of d-glucose in real samples (apple juice, human serum, and urine) and returned satisfactory and rational outcomes.

A simple wet-chemical technique was used to prepare zinc oxide-doped vanadium pentaoxide nanorods (ZnO·V₂O₅ NRs) in an alkaline environment.