鞍区肿瘤手术入路临床分析

目的:对鞍区肿瘤手术切除的入路进行评价.讨论额下、翼点、经蝶、纵裂等手术入路的缺点.方法:鞍区肿瘤103例,经额下入路42例;经翼点入路22例;经纵裂入路11例;经蝶入路23例;胼胝体入路3例;经侧脑室入路2例.结果:本组病例肿瘤全部切除76例,全切除率73.79%.结论:正确的手术入路选择对于肿瘤切除有着决定作用,全切肿瘤以适当的并发症为代价是值得的.视神经减压效果以及手术创伤,经蝶以及内窥镜垂体瘤切除手术十分具有优势.在鞍区巨大肿瘤操作中,切除彻底与否,下丘脑以及垂体的保护,翼点入路具备优势.在侵入三脑室内的鞍区肿瘤,纵裂入路给我们提供可开阔的操作术野.     

脑卒中患者对负性情绪及心理治疗认知状况的调查

目的：调查甘肃省脑卒中患者对负性情绪是否影响肢体功能以及心理治疗的认知。方法：采用问卷调查方式,对甘肃省10家不同级别的省市县级医院神经内、外科2010年收治的脑卒中住院患者1 100例进行调查。结果：负性情绪对肢体功能恢复的影响占69.80%,脑卒中后心理治疗的需要占76.99%。结论：负性情绪对脑卒中患者肢体功能恢复有影响,并且非常需要心理治疗。     

硼替佐米作用不同时间对K562耐药细胞株核因子-κB途径的影响

 目的　观察硼替佐米（商品名：万珂,PS-341）对柔红霉素（DNR）诱导的K562耐药细胞株（K562／DNR）核因子-κB（NF-κB）、抑制蛋白κB（IκB）及P-糖蛋白（P-gp）表达的影响,探讨PS-341逆转耐药的分子机制。方法　以100 μg／ml DNR单用或联合应用4 μg／L PS-341分别作用于K562／DNR 12、24及36 h,检测不同时间点各组NF-κB、IκB及P-gp表达情况,同时测定NF-κB p65活性,检测各组细胞凋亡率。结果　Western blot结果显示：与阴性对照组相比,DNR可诱导NF-κB表达上调及活性增强、IκB表达下调、P-gp表达上调;加用PS-341可显著抑制 DNR诱导的NF-κB及P-gp表达,使IκB表达增加。加用PS-341后,NF-κB活性12 h为（15.3±1.87）%[DNR组为（23.8±2.27）%],24 h为（10.2±1.69）%[DNR组为（25.4±1.98）%],36 h为（6.08±2.53）%[DNR组为（26.9±2.58）%],与相应单用DNR组相比均有明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）。DNR与PS-341联用后,细胞凋亡率12 h为（35.23±5.15）%[DNR组为（15.56±4.12）%],24 h为（40.26±6.89）%[DNR组为（17.25±2.89）%],36 h为（43.58±7.69）%[DNR组为（22.47±4.58）%],与DNR组相比,细胞凋亡率均明显增加,差异具有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）。上述作用呈时间依赖性。结论　PS-341可减少K562／DNR细胞NF-κB的活化,降低P-gp表达,逆转细胞耐药,促进细胞凋亡。     

A review of in vitro and in vivo methods and their correlations to assess mouthfeel of solid oral dosage forms

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SaOS2 Osteosarcoma Cells as an In Vitro Model for Studying the Transition of Human Osteoblasts to Osteocytes

The central importance of osteocytes in regulating bone homeostasis is becoming increasingly apparent. However, the study of these cells has been restricted by the relative paucity of cell line models, especially those of human origin. Therefore, we investigated the extent to which SaOS2 human osteosarcoma cells can differentiate into osteocyte-like cells. During culture under the appropriate mineralising conditions, SaOS2 cells reproducibly synthesised a bone-like mineralised matrix and temporally expressed the mature osteocyte marker genes SOST, DMP1, PHEX and MEPE and down-regulated expression of RUNX2 and COL1A1. SaOS2 cells cultured in 3D collagen gels acquired a dendritic morphology, characteristic of osteocytes, with multiple interconnecting cell processes. These findings suggest that SaOS2 cells have the capacity to differentiate into mature osteocyte-like cells under mineralising conditions. PTH treatment of SaOS2 cells resulted in strong down-regulation of SOST mRNA expression at all time points tested. Interestingly, PTH treatment resulted in the up-regulation of RANKL mRNA expression only at earlier stages of differentiation. These findings suggest that the response to PTH is dependent on the differentiation stage of the osteoblast/osteocyte. Together, our results demonstrate that SaOS2 cells can be used as a human model to investigate responses to osteotropic stimuli throughout differentiation to a mature osteocyte-like stage.     

The synthesis and application of (E)-N′-(benzo[d]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)-4-methyl-benzenesulfonohydrazide for the detection of carcinogenic lead

In this study, noble ligands of (E)-N′-(benzo[d]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)-4-methyl-benzenesulfonohydrazide (BDMMBSH) were prepared via a simple condensation method using benzo-[d][1,3]-dioxole carbaldehyde, benzenesulfonylhydrazine (BSH), and 4-methyl-benzenesulphonylhydrazine (4-MBSH) in good yield, which were crystallized in acetone, EtOAc, and EtOH. The BDMMBSH derivatives were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques, such as ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and their crystal structures were analyzed using the single crystal X-ray diffraction method (SCXRDM). Subsequently, the BDMMBSH compounds were used for the significant detection of the carcinogenic heavy metal ion, lead (Pb²⁺), via a reliable electrochemical approach. A sensitive and selective Pb²⁺ sensor was developed via the deposition of a thin layer of BDMMBSH on a GCE with the conducting polymer matrix Nafion (NF). The sensitivity, LOQ, and LOD of the proposed sensor towards Pb²⁺ were calculated from the calibration curves to be 2220.0 pA μM⁻¹ cm⁻², 320.0 mM, and 96.0 pM, respectively. The validation of the BDMMBSH/GCE/NF sensor probe was performed via the selective determination of Pb²⁺ in spiked natural samples with a satisfactory and rational outcome.

A sensitive cationic sensor was developed by BDMMBSH onto GCE with 5% Nafion using electrochemical method, which was validated with the selective determination of Pb²⁺ in spiked samples and found satisfactory results.     

An enzyme free simultaneous detection of γ-amino-butyric acid and testosterone based on copper oxide nanoparticles

Herein, an easy wet-chemical process was used in basic medium with low temperature to prepare low-dimensional copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). A variety of optical and structural techniques such as UV-visible, FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, XEDS, and XPS were used to characterize the synthesized CuO NPs in detail. Two sensitive and selective sensor probes for γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) and testosterone (TST) were achieved after modification; a thin layer of NPs on a flat glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Sensor analytical parameters such as sensitivity (SNT), linear dynamic range (LDR), limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), robustness, and interference effects, were evaluated for the proposed sensor (GCE/CuO NPs) for GABA and TST, based on a dependable current–voltage technique. Calibration curves were found to be linear (R² = 0.9963 and 0.9095) over a broad concentration range of GABA and TST (100.0 pM to 100.0 mM and 10.0 pM to 10.0 mM, respectively). Sensor parameters – SNT (316.46 and 2848.10 pA μM⁻¹ cm⁻²), LDR (100.0 nM to 10.0 mM and 10.0 pM to 1.0 mM), LOD (≈11.70 and 96.67 pM), and LOQ (39.0 and 322.2 pM) – for GABA and TST were calculated from the calibration plot successively. Preparation of CuO NPs using the wet-chemical technique is a good approach for perspective expansion of NPs-based sensors for the enzyme-free detection of biomolecules. Our sensor probe (GCE/CuO NPs) is applied for the cautious recognition of GABA and TST in real biological samples –human, mouse, and rabbit serum – and achieved good and acceptable results.

An easy wet-chemical process was used to prepare copper oxide nanoparticles which were modified and used as sensor probes for γ-amino-butyric acid and testosterone.     

经尿道等离子双极电切术治疗良性前列腺增生(附80例报告)

目的 探讨经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术(PKRP)治疗前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效.方法 采用PKRP治疗BPH80例,随访1～10个月.结果 80例BPH患者均成功手术.术中止血效果满意,无前列腺电切综合征(TURS).国际前列症状评分(I-PSS)由(27.4±3.2)分降至(8.1±4.2)分.最大尿流率(Qmax)由(6.1±1.9)ml/s升至(23.7±3.1)ml/s.结论 PKRP治疗BPH具有创伤小、安全、恢复快、并发症少,是一种治疗BPH的理想方式.     

自拟中药方浴足治疗老年闭塞性下肢动脉硬化症

【目的】探讨中药浴足治疗闭塞性下肢动脉硬化症的临床疗效。【方法】120例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组给予丁咯地尔10mg,每日一次静滴,治疗组在此基础上加用自拟中药方煎煮浴足,每日一次,于治疗前后,第1、2周末对足疼痛发作频次、持续时间、疼痛程度和踝肱指数（ABI）进行测评。【结果】加用中药浴足组在减少足静息痛发作频次、缩短每次发作持续时间、减轻疼痛程度、改善ABI及降低复发方面,均明显优于单用丁咯地尔组。【结论】中药浴足加丁咯地尔治疗闭塞性下肢动脉硬化症有较好疗效。