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951.
952.
Liana C. Chan Siyang Chaili Scott G. Filler Kevin Barr Huiyuan Wang Deborah Kupferwasser John E. Edwards Jr. Yan Q. Xiong Ashraf S. Ibrahim Lloyd S. Miller Clint S. Schmidt John P. Hennessey Jr. Michael R. Yeaman 《Infection and immunity》2015,83(11):4427-4437
Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of skin and skin structure infections (SSSI) in humans. Moreover, the high frequency of recurring SSSI due to S. aureus, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, suggests that infection induces suboptimal anamnestic defenses. The present study addresses the hypothesis that interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and IL-22 play distinct roles in immunity to cutaneous and invasive MRSA infection in a mouse model of SSSI. Mice were treated with specific neutralizing antibodies against IL-17A and/or IL-22 and infected with MRSA, after which the severity of infection and host immune response were determined. Neutralization of either IL-17A or IL-22 reduced T cell and neutrophil infiltration and host defense peptide elaboration in lesions. These events corresponded with increased abscess severity, MRSA viability, and CFU density in skin. Interestingly, combined inhibition of IL-17A and IL-22 did not worsen abscesses but did increase gamma interferon (IFN-γ) expression at these sites. The inhibition of IL-22 led to a reduction in IL-17A expression, but not vice versa. These results suggest that the expression of IL-17A is at least partially dependent on IL-22 in this model. Inhibition of IL-17A but not IL-22 led to hematogenous dissemination to kidneys, which correlated with decreased T cell infiltration in renal tissue. Collectively, these findings indicate that IL-17A and IL-22 have complementary but nonredundant roles in host defense against cutaneous versus hematogenous infection. These insights may support targeted immune enhancement or other novel approaches to address the challenge of MRSA infection. 相似文献
953.
Ashraf Sadat Ahadzadeh Saeed Pahlevan Sharif Fon Sim Ong Kok Wei Khong 《Journal of medical Internet research》2015,17(2)
Background
Today, people use the Internet to satisfy health-related information and communication needs. In Malaysia, Internet use for health management has become increasingly significant due to the increase in the incidence of chronic diseases, in particular among urban women and their desire to stay healthy. Past studies adopted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Health Belief Model (HBM) independently to explain Internet use for health-related purposes. Although both the TAM and HBM have their own merits, independently they lack the ability to explain the cognition and the related mechanism in which individuals use the Internet for health purposes.Objective
This study aimed to examine the influence of perceived health risk and health consciousness on health-related Internet use based on the HBM. Drawing on the TAM, it also tested the mediating effects of perceived usefulness of the Internet for health information and attitude toward Internet use for health purposes for the relationship between health-related factors, namely perceived health risk and health consciousness on health-related Internet use.Methods
Data obtained for the current study were collected using purposive sampling; the sample consisted of women in Malaysia who had Internet access. The partial least squares structural equation modeling method was used to test the research hypotheses developed.Results
Perceived health risk (β=.135, t 1999=2.676) and health consciousness (β=.447, t 1999=9.168) had a positive influence on health-related Internet use. Moreover, perceived usefulness of the Internet and attitude toward Internet use for health-related purposes partially mediated the influence of health consciousness on health-related Internet use (β=.025, t 1999=3.234), whereas the effect of perceived health risk on health-related Internet use was fully mediated by perceived usefulness of the Internet and attitude (β=.029, t 1999=3.609). These results suggest the central role of perceived usefulness of the Internet and attitude toward Internet use for health purposes for women who were health conscious and who perceived their health to be at risk.Conclusions
The integrated model proposed and tested in this study shows that the HBM, when combined with the TAM, is able to predict Internet use for health purposes. For women who subjectively evaluate their health as vulnerable to diseases and are concerned about their health, cognition beliefs in and positive affective feelings about the Internet come into play in determining the use of health-related Internet use. Furthermore, this study shows that engaging in health-related Internet use is a proactive behavior rather than a reactive behavior, suggesting that TAM dimensions have a significant mediating role in Internet health management. 相似文献954.
Two further patients with the 1q24 deletion syndrome expand the phenotype: A possible role for the miR199–214 cluster in the skeletal features of the condition
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955.
Cleland JG Coletta AP Yassin A Hado H Cullington D Abdellah AT Clark AL 《European journal of heart failure》2008,10(6):614-620
This article provides information and a commentary on trials relevant to the pathophysiology, prevention and treatment of heart failure, presented at the American College of Cardiology. Unpublished reports should be considered as preliminary data, as analyses may change in the final publication. CARISMA investigated the use of implantable loop recorders for detecting life-threatening arrhythmias in patients with LVSD after MI and found that brady- and ventricular tachy-arrhythmias predicted an adverse prognosis. The TRENDS study showed that the burden of atrial fibrillation detected by pacemakers or defibrillators predicted the risk of embolic events but not with sufficient precision to justify changes in anti-thrombotic management. A meta-analysis of six trials reported an increased cardiovascular risk associated with celecoxib, particularly for heart failure, which was related to dose and baseline cardiovascular risk. The HAT study failed to show a benefit of providing post-MI patients with a home defibrillator. MOMENTUM, a study of a device designed to augment aortic blood flow, was stopped early due to increased bleeding risk. Results from PROTECT support the use of rolofylline 30 mg/day in acute heart failure, a definitive study is now underway. Istaroxime, an agent that appears to have both inotropic and lusitropic effects, improved haemodynamics when added to standard therapy in patients stabilised after admission with heart failure in HORIZON-HF. The REVERSE study suggested that CRT improves ventricular function and reduces morbidity even in patients with few or no symptoms of heart failure and may delay or prevent worsening heart failure. 相似文献
956.
Non‐total body irradiation myeloablative conditioning with intravenous busulfan and cyclophosphamide in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for malignant infantile osteopetrosis
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Maryam Behfar S. Sharareh Dehghani Ashraf Sadat Hosseini Arash Jalali Amir Ali Hamidieh Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh 《Pediatric transplantation》2015,19(4):422-427
HSCT is the only curative treatment for MIOP. We prospectively investigated the outcome of HSCT using intravenous busulfan‐based conditioning regimen from 2008 to 2013. Nineteen patients (median age = 17 months) underwent transplantation from HLA‐matched related donors (n = 14), HLA‐haploidentical related donors (n = 2), partially matched cord blood donors (n = 2), and HLA‐matched unrelated donor (n = 1). Bone marrow (n = 9), peripheral blood (n = 8), and cord blood (n = 2) were used as stem cell sources. All but one patient demonstrated primary engraftment. Two patients experienced secondary graft failure. During the follow‐up period, three patients showed mixed chimerism (45%, 45%, and 70% of donor cells were engrafted in each one of these patients) but are disease free. Two‐yr OS and DFS were 84.2% and 73.7%, respectively. Improvement of visual acuity and partial reversal of mild conductive hearing loss occurred in two and four patients, respectively. The causes of death among three patients were infection, GvHD, and disease progression. In conclusion, due to major side effects of MIOP such as visual and hearing loss, early treatment using myeloablative conditioning without irradiation HSCT is suggested. The use of an HLA‐matched related donor seems to be highly successful in this regard. Also, according to results of our study, mixed chimerism may be sufficient to resolve symptoms of disease. 相似文献
957.
958.
Ashraf?GholizadehEmail author 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2018,88(3):967-976
The type-1 water soluble chlorophyll binding proteins (WSCP1) have been generally known as chlorophyll extractors and transporters from the thylakoid membrane to the chloroplast envelope, where the membrane bound chlorophyllase catabolizes the chlorophyll. Despite the type-2 WSCP, WSCP1 has been known to be located in the chloroplasts of the green plants. In the present study, the non-chloroplastic protein superfamily containing domain of unknown function 538 (DUF538) as functional homologue of type-1 WSCP has been identified in plants. The structural similarities/differences and the cellular locations of Celosia cristata DUF538 and Chenopodium album WSCP1 were predicted by using computational tools and the chlorophyll binding abilities of their purified maltose binding protein-fused forms were estimated by maltose binding affinity method. It was predicted that despite CaWSCP1, CcDUF538 is a non-chloroplastic protein. The chlorophyll binding abilities of the recombinant fusion forms of test WSCP1 and DUF538 were estimated to be about 58 and 56%, respectively. Considering DUF538 as stress-induced protein, it was speculated that they may form complex with chlorophyll molecules or their hydrolyzed products out of chloroplasts to proceed the chlorophyll breakdown and nitrogen/carbon recycling in stress-challenged plants. 相似文献
959.
Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in increased accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Anthropometrics may provide an alternative to estimate VAT cross-section area (CSA) compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Objective
To validate the use of anthropometrics, including abdominal circumference and skinfold thickness (SFT) measurements against MRI to predict subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and VAT cross-sectional areas in persons with SCI.Design
Cross-sectional.Setting
Clinical research centerParticipant
Twenty-two men with motor complete SCIMethods
Anthropometric measurements and MRI were taken during a single visit. Abdominal circumference and SFT were used to derive prediction equations for subcutaneous adipose tissue (SATAnthro-CSA) and VAT (VATAnthro-CSA). Three-axial MRI at the level of umbilicus was used to establish the prediction equations. VATAnthro-CSA was compared against body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and SFT. Bland-Altman plots were used to determine limits of agreement between prediction equations and MRI.Main Outcome Measurements
SAT and VAT cross-sectional areas.Results
SATAnthro-CSA explained 76% of the variance in SAT cross-sectional area (r2 = 0.76, standard error of the estimate [SEE] = 49.5 cm2, P <.001). VATAnthro-CSA explained 72% of VAT cross-sectional area (r2 = 0.72, SEE = 45.8 cm2, P <.001). Compared to VATAnthro-CSA, BMI, waist circumference, and SFT explained only 37%, 63%, and 31%, respectively, in the variance of VAT MRI.Conclusion
Abdominal circumference and SFT demonstrated an alternative way to predict VAT CSA. VATAnthro-CSA estimated VATMRI more accurately than BMI, waist circumference, and SFT in individuals with chronic SCI.Level of Evidence
I 相似文献960.
Muhammad Ashraf Majrooh Seema Hasnain Javaid Akram Arif Siddiqui 《Health research policy and systems / BioMed Central》2015,13(Z1):S59