Teriparatide increases bone formation in modeling and remodeling osteons and enhances IGF-II immunoreactivity in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Transiliac bone biopsies were obtained from 55 women treated with teriparatide or placebo for 12-24 months. We report direct evidence that modeling bone formation at quiescent surfaces was present only in teriparatide-treated patients and bone formation at remodeling sites was higher with teriparatide than placebo. INTRODUCTION: Recombinant teriparatide [human PTH(1-34)], a bone formation agent for the treatment of osteoporosis when given once daily subcutaneously, increases biochemical markers of bone turnover and activation frequency in histomorphometry studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the mechanisms underlying this bone-forming action of teriparatide at the basic multicellular unit by the appearance of cement lines, a method used to directly classify surfaces as modeling or remodeling osteons, and by the immunolocalization of IGF-I and IGF-II. Transiliac bone biopsies were obtained from 55 postmenopausal women treated with teriparatide 20 or 40 microg or placebo for 12-24 months (median, 19.8 months) in the Fracture Prevention Trial. RESULTS: A dose-dependent relationship was observed in modeling and mixed remodeling/modeling trabecular hemiosteons. Trabecular and endosteal hemiosteon mean wall thicknesses were significantly higher in both teriparatide groups than in placebo. There was a dose-dependent relationship in IGF-II immunoreactive staining at all bone envelopes studied. The greater local IGF-II presence after treatment with teriparatide may play a key role in stimulating bone formation. CONCLUSIONS: Direct evidence is presented that 12-24 months of teriparatide treatment induced modeling bone formation at quiescent surfaces and resulted in greater bone formation at remodeling sites, relative to placebo.     

脉络膜黑色素瘤脱色素处理后Caspase-3的免疫组化研究

目的 观察凋亡基因Caspase-3在脉络膜黑色素瘤(choroidal melanoma)中的表达及分型与细胞凋亡的关系。方法 收集20例脉络膜黑色素瘤标本，对其进行Caspase-3免疫组织化学染色，观察表达情况及染色强度。结果 Caspase-3在脉络膜黑色素瘤有较好的表达，在梭形细胞型中5例／6例呈阳性表达，在混合型中6例／8例呈阳性表达，在上皮样瘤细胞型中3例／4例呈阳性表达，在坏死型中1例／2例呈阳性表达，且在各型之间没有显著性差异(P＞0．05)。结论 凋亡在脉络膜黑色素瘤中存在；Caspase-3在脉络膜黑色素瘤的发生发展中起重要作用。     

茶水中锌含量分析方法研究

目的:建立测定茶水中锌含量的方法。方法:采用锌试剂吸光光度法测定茶水中锌含量。结果:在一定条件下,锌含量在0~80μg/25 ml范围内遵守朗伯比耳定律,方法的精密度(RSD)在1.38%~3.27%之间,回收率在94%~107%之内,检测限为5.2μg/L,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.2×104L/mol.cm。结论:本方法经用于茶水样品分析,结果符合要求。     

The glaucoma suspect: Differentiation of the future glaucoma eye from the non-glaucomatous suspect eye

Visual-field areas to a I_2e stimulus were measured planimetrically using an X-Y digitizer and a computer program. Sampling of normal subjects and patients suspected of having glaucoma was done at two points in time. Calculations of eye-wall stress were done using ultrasonic data and intra-ocular pressure (IOP) measurements from patient records. For those suspected of having glaucoma who developed chronic open-angle glaucoma (COAG), the time of transition was the second point in time. The visual field area was regressed against patient age at the two points in time. No difference in the regression slopes was found for the normal subjects and unchanged patients. The patients who did develop glaucoma were significantly different. The mean annual rate of visual-field change (rate of decay) was calculated and found to be 28.5 mm²/year for the normals, 153.5 mm²/year for the suspects, and 376.4 mm²/year for those patients who developed glaucoma. The rate of visual-field decay only correlated with patient age (P = 0.03) and eye-wall stress (P < 0.01) in the patients who developed glaucoma.     

Evaluation and Treatment of Depression in Managed Care (Part II)

Depression is under-detected, but is treatable and relapses can be prevented. Living with depression, whether acute or chronic, has consequences for quality of life, premature end of life, and productive life. Thoughtful and strategic quality improvement (QI) programs offer one avenue for improving the treatment of depression. Part I of this two-part series addresses improving the treatment of depression and employing disease management as a strategy to accomplish that aim. This article, part II, provides an overview of other QI initiatives that demonstrated treatment effectiveness for depression, including several used in managed care practice.Currently, the majority of QI programs for depression target adult patients; therefore, there are future challenges ahead as managed care attempts to address the needs of special populations, such as adolescents and older adults. Public education, professional education, and population-based interventions are also considerations as part of successful treatment. Although consumer-based interventions are typically more expensive, they may ultimately yield the best results for improving depression care for the consumer and payors based on available research. The success of a consumer-centric approach is highly reliant on the person’s engagement with QI programs, the treating clinician’s appreciation and support of such depression programs, and managed care’s response to solving quality problems using continuous monitoring, evaluation, feedback, system enhancements, and training. Models of collaboration between consumers and medical and behavioral health systems offer the most promising approaches to care improvements for patients with depression.     

Hb F-Xin-Su or A gamma I73(E17)Asp----His: a new slow-moving fetal hemoglobin variant

A slow-moving gamma chain variant was discovered in the cord blood of an infant born to parents of the Han nationality from Jiangsu. The variant, which migrated electrophoretically at alkaline pH between Hb A and Hb D, was characterized by an Asp----His substitution at gamma 73, while residues gamma 75 and gamma 136 were occupied by Ile and Ala, respectively. As the A gamma T-chain was also present, this baby has two types of abnormal gamma-chain. The variant was named Hb F-Xin-Su.     

小学生吸烟行为健康教育干预实验

本文报告了自１９９１年以来在四川省什邡县所进行的小学生吸烟行为健康教育干预实验。结果显示，实验达到了预期目的。根据基线调查资料对对象儿童吸烟行为影响因素所作的分析以及在此基础上所采取的干预策略是正确的，干预方法是有效的。从而证明了在一个成人吸烟占主流的社会环境中通过健康教育劝阻儿童吸烟尽管是很困难的，但却是完全有成功把握的。     

大鼠马桑内酯急性局灶型癫痫大脑运动皮质的形态计量研究

用微量马桑内酯注入Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠左侧前肢运动皮质，造成急性局灶型癫痫。用光镜、电镜和体视学方法研究其运动皮质第Ｖ层结构的改变。结果显示：癫痫大鼠运动皮质灶区、灶旁区的神经细胞数和胶质细胞数均分别比对照大鼠灶区和灶旁区显著减少；灶区神经毡中突触性终末数，显著减少；突触性终末的面积分数明显减少，而树突的面积分数无变化；神经胶质突起的面积分数增加。