全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1544篇 |
免费 | 94篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 29篇 |
儿科学 | 109篇 |
妇产科学 | 31篇 |
基础医学 | 251篇 |
口腔科学 | 24篇 |
临床医学 | 126篇 |
内科学 | 269篇 |
皮肤病学 | 23篇 |
神经病学 | 158篇 |
特种医学 | 40篇 |
外科学 | 129篇 |
综合类 | 19篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 177篇 |
眼科学 | 24篇 |
药学 | 137篇 |
中国医学 | 4篇 |
肿瘤学 | 96篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 22篇 |
2022年 | 32篇 |
2021年 | 85篇 |
2020年 | 51篇 |
2019年 | 51篇 |
2018年 | 68篇 |
2017年 | 49篇 |
2016年 | 55篇 |
2015年 | 50篇 |
2014年 | 57篇 |
2013年 | 99篇 |
2012年 | 146篇 |
2011年 | 116篇 |
2010年 | 86篇 |
2009年 | 64篇 |
2008年 | 117篇 |
2007年 | 94篇 |
2006年 | 75篇 |
2005年 | 64篇 |
2004年 | 72篇 |
2003年 | 56篇 |
2002年 | 64篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1647条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
Katherine N Bachmann Alexander G Bruno Miriam A Bredella Melanie Schorr Elizabeth A Lawson Corey M Gill Vibha Singhal Erinne Meenaghan Anu V Gerweck Kamryn T Eddy Seda Ebrahimi Stuart L Koman James M Greenblatt Robert J Keane Thomas Weigel Esther Dechant Madhusmita Misra Anne Klibanski Karen K Miller 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2016,31(2):281-288
Somewhat paradoxically, fracture risk, which depends on applied loads and bone strength, is elevated in both anorexia nervosa and obesity at certain skeletal sites. Factor‐of‐risk (Φ), the ratio of applied load to bone strength, is a biomechanically based method to estimate fracture risk; theoretically, higher Φ reflects increased fracture risk. We estimated vertebral strength (linear combination of integral volumetric bone mineral density [Int.vBMD] and cross‐sectional area from quantitative computed tomography [QCT]), vertebral compressive loads, and Φ at L4 in 176 women (65 anorexia nervosa, 45 lean controls, and 66 obese). Using biomechanical models, applied loads were estimated for: 1) standing; 2) arms flexed 90°, holding 5 kg in each hand (holding); 3) 45° trunk flexion, 5 kg in each hand (lifting); 4) 20° trunk right lateral bend, 10 kg in right hand (bending). We also investigated associations of Int.vBMD and vertebral strength with lean mass (from dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry [DXA]) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT, from QCT). Women with anorexia nervosa had lower, whereas obese women had similar, Int.vBMD and estimated vertebral strength compared with controls. Vertebral loads were highest in obesity and lowest in anorexia nervosa for standing, holding, and lifting (p < 0.0001) but were highest in anorexia nervosa for bending (p < 0.02). Obese women had highest Φ for standing and lifting, whereas women with anorexia nervosa had highest Φ for bending (p < 0.0001). Obese and anorexia nervosa subjects had higher Φ for holding than controls (p < 0.03). Int.vBMD and estimated vertebral strength were associated positively with lean mass (R = 0.28 to 0.45, p ≤ 0.0001) in all groups combined and negatively with VAT (R = –[0.36 to 0.38], p < 0.003) within the obese group. Therefore, women with anorexia nervosa had higher estimated vertebral fracture risk (Φ) for holding and bending because of inferior vertebral strength. Despite similar vertebral strength as controls, obese women had higher vertebral fracture risk for standing, holding, and lifting because of higher applied loads from higher body weight. Examining the load‐to‐strength ratio helps explain increased fracture risk in both low‐weight and obese women. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 相似文献
33.
34.
35.
Macht M Gerlich C Ellgring H Schradi M Rusiñol AB Crespo M Prats A Viemerö V Lankinen A Bitti PE Candini L Spliethoff-Kamminga N de Vreugd J Simons G Pasqualini MS Thompson SB Taba P Krikmann U Kanarik E 《Patient education and counseling》2007,65(2):245-252
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a newly developed education programme for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. METHODS: The programme consisted of eight sessions and aimed at improving knowledge and skills related to self-monitoring, health promotion, stress management, depression, anxiety, social competence, and social support, all with special reference to PD. The programme was formatively evaluated in seven European countries (Spain, Finland, Italy, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Estonia, Germany) with 151 patients diagnosed with idiopathic PD. The evaluation included patients' ratings of the comprehensibility and feasibility of the programme as well as mood ratings before and after each session. Patients also completed questionnaires at the beginning and end of the programme to explore possible changes in disease-related psychosocial problems, quality of life, and depression. RESULTS: The programme was feasible to run, and patients were able to understand its elements. Patients reported mood elevations following individual sessions and reduced disease-related psychosocial problems after completing the programme. There were no substantial differences in results between cultures. CONCLUSION: Patient education appears to have potential as a useful and feasible intervention, complementing medical treatment in PD. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The present programme will soon be available in seven European languages and can be tested in different health care systems. 相似文献
36.
Anu Gupta Vishal Jogi Manoj Kumar Goyal Manish Modi Dheeraj Khurana 《Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology》2014,17(4):426-428
Chronic aseptic meningitis is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Apart from immunological causes and drugs, the aseptic meningitis group can include some unidentified viral infections that cannot be detected by routine microbiological testing. It is imperative to do complete cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) workup before implicating the symptoms to disease activity or drugs, as untreated infections cause significant mortality in SLE. We present a case of young female with SLE who presented with chronic meningitis of an uncommon etiology. 相似文献
37.
Majumdar KN Banerjee A Ratha J Mandal M Sarkar RN Saha KD 《Arthritis and rheumatism》2008,58(3):696-706
OBJECTIVE: Leishmanial lipid is a strong immunosuppressor of host cells. Inhibition of the inflammatory responses of synovial cells through induction of apoptosis is one of the main targets of therapeutic intervention in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to examine the antiinflammatory and apoptosis-inducing effects of leishmanial lipid on adherent synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) in patients with RA. METHODS: Lipid was extracted from a Leishmania donovani promastigote (MHO/IN/1978/UR6) by the Bligh and Dyer method. Nitric oxide (NO) was measured using the Griess reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for cytokines, NF-kappaB, and cytochrome c were performed. Levels of cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, caspases, Bcl-2, Bax, t-Bid, and cytochrome c in the cell lysate and of NF-kappaB p65 in the nucleus were determined by Western blotting. Microscopic analysis, nuclear staining, DNA fragmentation assay, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, colorimetric assay for caspases, and fluorescent probe for measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential were used to study the leishmanial lipid-induced apoptotic pathway in SFMCs. RESULTS: Leishmanial lipid inhibited the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta, and NO in the culture, decreased their cytosolic protein levels, and decreased NF-kappaB p65 levels in SFMCs, in a dose-dependent manner. It had the reverse effect on interleukin-10 levels. Leishmanial lipid-induced apoptosis involved the activation of caspase 3, caspase 9, and Bax, the release of cytochrome c, the alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that leishmanial lipid has strong antiinflammatory and apoptosis-inducing effects on SFMCs from patients with RA, and that apoptosis occurs via the mitochondrial pathway. 相似文献
38.
Mukherjee Partha Sarathi Ghosh Sujoy Mukhopadhyay Pradip Das Kausik Das Dipesh Kr. Sarkar Pabak Bhattacharya Debdoot Mazumdar Saibal Chatterjee Kajal 《International journal of diabetes in developing countries.》2020,40(4):612-618
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries - Type 2 diabetes is a pandemic in India, yet studies regarding knowledge, attitude, and practices in diabetes in various Indian... 相似文献
39.
Marianne Torkko Nina Katajavuori Anu Linna Anne Mari Juppo 《Journal of pharmaceutical innovation》2014,9(3):175-182
Purpose
The overall aim of this study was to investigate the significance of quality key performance indicators (KPIs) and how comprehensively they are used in the pharmaceutical industry. A specific aim was to find which KPIs were relevant to personnel from the perspective of their own work responsibilities. A further aim was to determine which factors motivate personnel enough to respond to improve KPIs.Methods
Qualitative theme interviews of ten staff from one case company were conducted to study the impact of KPIs. Interview data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and reductive analysis.Results
Personnel considered deviations in manufacturing and packaging to be the most important quality KPI when they considered their own work responsibilities. The quality indicators data were utilized quite efficiently, for example, in complaint and deviation handling processes, and they provided useful information for corrective and preventive actions (CAPA)-reporting. The most important factors that motivated supervisors, managers, and experts regarding KPIs were those that affected interviewees own particular work responsibilities, the cooperation within the operators own departments, and the cooperation between different departments. The interviewees opined that the production bonus was the most important motivational factor for production operators to improve upon quality indicator performance.Conclusions
Quality indicator feedback data were utilized widely by the case company and were considered to be a useful tool to guide personnel in ensuring or potentially improving the quality of operations. 相似文献40.
Ademola Olusegun Talabi Amarachukwu Chiduziem Etonyeaku Oludayo Adedapo Sowande Samuel Anu Olowookere Olusanya Adejuyigbe 《Pediatric surgery international》2014,30(11):1121-1127