Effect of surfactant concentration on the evaporation-driven deposition of carbon nanotubes: from coffee-ring effect to strain sensing

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as electrically conductive materials are of great importance in the fabrication of flexible electronic devices and wearable sensors. In this regard, the evaporation-driven self-assembly of CNTs has attracted increasing attention. CNT-based applications are mostly concerned with the alignment of CNTs and the density of CNT films. In the present work, we focus on the latter by trying to achieve an optimal evaporation-driven deposition with the densest CNT ring. Although surfactants are used for effective dispersion and colloidal stabilization of CNTs in the aqueous phase, their excessive usage induces Marangoni eddies in the evaporating sessile droplets, leading to poor ring depositions. Thus, there is an optimum surfactant concentration that contributes to CNTs deagglomeration and results in the densest ring-like deposition with relatively high thickness. We report that this optimum concentration for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a surfactant can be approximately considered as much as the concentration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as the colloidal nanoparticles. Optimal depositions show the lowest electrical resistances for each CNT concentration, making them suitable for electronic applications. We also propose the multiple depositions method in which a new droplet is printed after the complete evaporation of the previous droplet. This method can lead to denser rings with a higher conductivity using lower concentrations of CNTs. Lastly, we fabricate strain sensors based on the optimal evaporation-driven deposition of CNTs which show higher gauge factors than the commercial strain gauges, corroborating the applicability of our method.

Our discovery reveals the existence of an optimum SDS/CNT concentration ratio to achieve the highest conductivity of ring deposition for strain sensing.     

实脾固肾化瘀方治疗慢性肾炎疗效观察

目的观察实脾固肾化瘀方治疗慢性肾炎的临床疗效。方法 60例慢性肾炎患者随机分为两组。治疗组32例采用实脾固肾化瘀方治疗,对照组28例给予蒙诺口服,疗程3个月。观察两组治疗前后证候积分、24h尿蛋白定量和肾功能变化。结果治疗后,治疗组部分证候积分明显降低（P〈0.01）,且治疗组低于对照组（P〈0.01）;治疗组24h尿蛋白定量明显降低（P〈0.05）;两组肾功能变化无统计学差异（P〉0.05）;治疗组的临床疗效优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论实脾固肾化瘀方治疗慢性肾炎有较好的临床疗效。     

基于ISSR标记的麻花艽遗传多样性分析

目的探讨秦艽基原植物之一麻花艽Gentiana straminea的遗传多样性,并构建DNA指纹谱。方法在其自然分布区广泛取样,共涉及西藏、青海、甘肃及四川等地28个居群83份样本,应用ISSR分子标记技术,POPGEN软件分析遗传信息参数,NTSYS软件构建亲缘关系UPGMA聚类图。结果从100条引物中筛出7条多态性好、条带清晰的引物用于ISSR分析。共检测到95个条带,其中多态性条带88个,多态性条带百分率(PPL)为92.63%;麻花艽居群间的期望杂合度(H_e)为0.288 2,多样性信息指数(I_m)为0.437 1,种群间基因分化系数(G_(st))为0.678 3,基因流(N_m)为0.237 1,遗传距离为0.074 3~0.490 0。UPGMA树将麻花艽居群主要分为2大支。结论麻花艽种群遗传多样性水平较高,居群间遗传多样性水平高于居群内;其遗传变异主要存在于居群间;遗传特性与地理分布具有一定相关性。该工作可为麻花艽品种鉴定、物种就地保护、探讨环境等因素对于遗传分化的影响及药材道地性研究提供基础资料。     

HPLC-DAD法同时测定黄芪护肝丸中5种活性成分的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法同时测定黄芪护肝丸中芍药苷、橙皮苷、五味子醇甲、大黄素和大黄酚5种活性成分含量的方法。方法:采用ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱;流动相:甲醇(A)-0.1%磷酸的水溶液(B),梯度洗脱;柱温:30℃;流速:1.0 m L·min-1;检测波长:芍药苷为230 nm,橙皮苷和五味子醇甲为217 nm,大黄素和大黄酚为254 nm。结果:芍药苷、橙皮苷、五味子醇甲、大黄素和大黄酚的线性范围分别为5.12~102(r=0.999 6)、10.4~207(r=0.999 8)、2.58~51.6(r=0.999 7)、3.22~64.4(r=0.999 8)、2.45~49.0μg·m L-1(r=0.999 8),平均加样回收率(n=6)分别为98.6%、99.2%、98.9%、98.3%、98.3%,RSD分别为1.1%、1.0%、1.3%、1.2%、1.2%。结论:本法专属性强,结果准确,重复性好,可用于黄芪护肝丸的质量控制。     

舒胃汤对功能性消化不良大鼠胃排空、血清NO、血浆SP的影响

目的:探讨舒胃汤对功能性消化不良大鼠胃排空、血清一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)和血浆P物质(Substance P,SP)的影响。方法:将大鼠随机分为舒胃汤低剂量组(舒低组)、舒胃汤高剂量组(舒高组)、中成药组(木香顺气丸组)、莫沙必利组、空白组、模型组。采用夹尾刺激方法制造FD模型。实验结束后检测胃排空,硝酸还原酶法检测血清NO含量,用放射免疫法检测血浆SP水平。结果:大鼠模型组与空白组比较胃排空延迟,血浆SP含量明显减少而NO明显升高(均P0.05)。给药各组大鼠与模型组比较胃排空(%)改善(均P0.05),NO(μmol/L)降低(均P0.05),SP含量(pg/mg)明显升高(均P0.05);舒高组与中成药组,胃排空改善(P0.05),NO降低(P0.05)。结论:舒胃汤能够促进胃排空,调节血清NO、SP水平的变化,可能是舒胃汤治疗FD恢复胃肠道运动功能的作用机制之一。     

HPLC-UV法测定大鼠血中[6]-姜酚的浓度

目的建立测定大鼠血浆中[6]-姜酚浓度的HPLC-UV法,为进一步研究[6]-姜酚的药代动力学提供可靠的方法。方法大鼠血浆样品以液-液萃取法提取后,采用HPLC-UV测定大鼠血浆中[6]-姜酚的浓度。HPLC条件:Hypersil C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),乙腈-水(45:55)为流动相,进样量:20μL,流速:1.0mL/min,紫外检测波长:280nm。结果[6]-姜酚线性范围为0.25～5.0μg/mL,最低检测限为0.1μg/mL,日内精密度RSD5.5%,日间精密度RSD6.8%。结论该测定方法具有灵敏、专一和快速的优点,可用于测定大鼠灌胃给药后[6]-姜酚的血浆浓度。     

度洛西汀和文拉法新治疗老年期抑郁障碍的对照研究

目的：对照研究度洛西汀和文拉法新治疗老年期抑郁障碍的疗效、安全性。方法110例老年抑郁症患者随机分为研究组和对照组,各55例,研究组给予度洛西汀口服,对照组给予文拉法新口服,在治疗前、治疗1、2、4、8周末采用24-汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）进行疗效评定, TESS量表进行不良反应评定。结果在治疗1周末研究组和对照组HAMD评分均有下降,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,在治疗2、4、8周末HAMD评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。TESS量表总体评价差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,文拉法新引起血压升高较多,度洛西汀片引起恶心、呕吐较多。结论度洛西汀和文拉法新起效时间、临床疗效、总体副反应相当,度洛西汀质优价廉,值得推广。     

Phase II trial of daily oral etoposide in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Forty-six previously untreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were entered into a Hoosier Oncology Group phase II trial of daily oral etoposide 50 mg/m²/d. The dose limiting toxicity was granulocytopenia. The non-hematologic toxicity was mild, with only 19% of patients developing Grade 3 or 4 leukopenia. Two partial responses of 10 and 16 weeks duration were seen in 43 evaluable patients, for an overall response rate of 4%. We conclude that daily oral etoposide has minimal activity in advanced NSCLC, and does not improve response rates over conventional 1–5 day intravenous etoposide administration.from the Hoosier Oncology Group, the Walther Cancer Institute, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USADr. Einhorn is the Walther American Cancer Society Professor of Clinical Oncology.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the effects and mechanisms of apple polysaccharides(AP) on tumorigenesis in a mouse model of colitis-associated colon cancer. METHODS AP was obtained from apple pomace and its protective efficacy was evaluated on carcinogenesis in a mouse model of colitis-associated colon cancer induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The effects of AP on TLR4/MyD88/NF-??B pathway were measured using immunohistochemistry , ELISA and Western blot.The serum were collected and TNF-?? was measured by ELISA kits. RESULTS After 20 weeks of continuous treatment, the incidence of colon cancer formation was 95% in the mice treated with AOM/DSS (model group), and these reduced to 26%, 10% and 5% in AP (1.25%, 2.5% and 5%) treatment group respectively. Western blot analysis demonstrated that TLR4 (membrane protein), MyD88, NF-??B p65 (nuclear protein) expression decreased significantly at protein level; and the secretion of TNF-?? decreased in control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION AP could protect ICR mice from CACC effectively and the possible mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/ NF-??B pathways.     

急性白血病首次复发后免疫表型及细胞遗传学改变

目的 :分析成人急性白血病首次复发前后免疫表型和细胞遗传学改变。方法 :采用间接荧光法分析急性白血病患者的免疫表型 ,用 G分带技术研究患者的染色体核型。结果 :5例中 4例急性淋巴细胞白血病 ( ALL )复发后的患者发生免疫表型变化 ,均涉及 CD3 4 抗原表达 ;CD3 4 抗原的表达与再诱导治疗结果呈负相关。 10 /12例急性髓细胞白血病 ( AML )复发患者免疫表型发生改变 ,涉及 CD1 4 、CD1 5 、CD1 3 、CD3 3 、CD3 4 、CD7、HLA-DR等抗原 ;CD1 4 、CD3 3 、CD3 4 发生改变的患者再诱导治疗效果差 ;CD1 5 由阴性转为阳性的患者再诱导效果较好。 7例患者复发前后均进行了染色体核型分析 ,4例出现主要的染色体核型改变 ,其中 3例为异常核型转为正常核型 ;染色体核型发生改变的病例再诱导治疗效果均较差。结论 :成人急性白血病复发后免疫表型和细胞遗传学均可发生改变 ,这些改变与再诱导治疗的结果有关。