全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3098篇 |
免费 | 192篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 40篇 |
儿科学 | 71篇 |
妇产科学 | 57篇 |
基础医学 | 557篇 |
口腔科学 | 47篇 |
临床医学 | 282篇 |
内科学 | 507篇 |
皮肤病学 | 70篇 |
神经病学 | 412篇 |
特种医学 | 104篇 |
外国民族医学 | 4篇 |
外科学 | 286篇 |
综合类 | 8篇 |
一般理论 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 308篇 |
眼科学 | 51篇 |
药学 | 247篇 |
中国医学 | 13篇 |
肿瘤学 | 229篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 37篇 |
2022年 | 59篇 |
2021年 | 95篇 |
2020年 | 53篇 |
2019年 | 82篇 |
2018年 | 100篇 |
2017年 | 74篇 |
2016年 | 98篇 |
2015年 | 89篇 |
2014年 | 120篇 |
2013年 | 135篇 |
2012年 | 247篇 |
2011年 | 244篇 |
2010年 | 157篇 |
2009年 | 119篇 |
2008年 | 236篇 |
2007年 | 199篇 |
2006年 | 165篇 |
2005年 | 153篇 |
2004年 | 163篇 |
2003年 | 172篇 |
2002年 | 104篇 |
2001年 | 21篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 30篇 |
1998年 | 34篇 |
1997年 | 34篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 8篇 |
1971年 | 10篇 |
1970年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3296条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
Alessio Coi Michele Santoro Ester Garne Anna Pierini Marie‐Claude Addor Jean‐Luc Alessandri Jorieke E. H. Bergman Fabrizio Bianchi Ljubica Boban Paula Braz Clara Cavero‐Carbonell Miriam Gatt Martin Haeusler Kari Klungsøyr Jennifer J. Kurinczuk Monica Lanzoni Nathalie Lelong Karen Luyt Olatz Mokoroa Carmel Mullaney Vera Nelen Amanda J. Neville Mary T. O'Mahony Isabelle Perthus Judith Rankin Anke Rissmann Florence Rouget Bruno Schaub David Tucker Diana Wellesley Katarzyna Wisniewska Nataliia Zymak‐Zakutnia Ingeborg Barišić 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2019,179(9):1791-1798
Achondroplasia is a rare genetic disorder resulting in short‐limb skeletal dysplasia. We present the largest European population‐based epidemiological study to date using data provided by the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) network. All cases of achondroplasia notified to 28 EUROCAT registries (1991–2015) were included in the study. Prevalence, birth outcomes, prenatal diagnosis, associated anomalies, and the impact of paternal and maternal age on de novo achondroplasia were presented. The study population consisted of 434 achondroplasia cases with a prevalence of 3.72 per 100,000 births (95%CIs: 3.14–4.39). There were 350 live births, 82 terminations of pregnancy after prenatal diagnosis, and two fetal deaths. The prenatal detection rate was significantly higher in recent years (71% in 2011–2015 vs. 36% in 1991–1995). Major associated congenital anomalies were present in 10% of cases. About 20% of cases were familial. After adjusting for maternal age, fathers >34 years had a significantly higher risk of having infants with de novo achondroplasia than younger fathers. Prevalence was stable over time, but regional differences were observed. All pregnancy outcomes were included in the prevalence estimate with 80.6% being live born. The study confirmed the increased risk for older fathers of having infants with de novo achondroplasia. 相似文献
132.
133.
134.
Paclitaxel and cyclosporine A show supra-additive antiproliferative effects on smooth muscle cells by activation of protein kinase C 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Sindermann JR Skaletz-Rorowski A Bartels A Hohage H Plenz G Schmidt A Breithardt G 《Basic research in cardiology》2002,97(2):125-131
We intended to establish a pharmacologic concept of synergistic antiproliferative effects on smooth muscle cells (SMC) by
using paclitaxel and cyclosporine A at clinically applicable doses. Coronary SMC were incubated with paclitaxel and cyclosporine
A at concentrations of 10 – 20 nmol/L and 83 – 415 nmol/L, respectively. Antiproliferative effects were assessed by cell counts,
[3H]thymidine incorporation and cell cycle analysis. In addition, apoptosis was studied by cytoplasmic histone-associated DNA
fragments and in vitro protein kinase C activity (PKC) was determined by immunoassay. We found paclitaxel and cyclosporine A to exert a highly supra-additive
antiproliferative effect on SMC with significant reductions of cell counts (p < 0.01) and [3H]thymidine incorporation (p < 0.05). SMC were found to be arrested at the G2/M transition. This antiproliferative effect
was observed in the absence of DNA fragmentation above values obtained for single compound treatment, which had virtually
no impact on cell proliferation. DNA fragmentation started to increase at a drug combination comprising paclitaxel at the
higher dose of 20 nmol/L. Under the treatment with both paclitaxel and cyclosporine A, PKC activity showed a 1.8-fold increase
(p < 0.05) compared with untreated controls. In conclusion, PKC mediates supra-additive antiproliferative effects of paclitaxel
and cyclosporine A on SMC. The data demonstrate a highly efficient pharmacologic concept for the inhibition of SMC proliferation.
Further studies are needed to test this concept under in vivo conditions for the prevention of restenosis or transplant vasculopathy by systemic application of cyclosporine A – when already
applied for immunosuppressive purposes – and local delivery of paclitaxel.
Received: 28 August 2001, Returned for revision: 25 September 2001, Revision received: 20 November 2001, Accepted: 4 December
2001 相似文献
135.
Antihypertrophic actions of the natriuretic peptides in adult rat cardiomyocytes: importance of cyclic GMP 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) prevents hypertrophy of neonatal cardiomyocytes. However, whether this effect is retained in the adult phenotype or if other members of the natriuretic peptide family exhibit similar antihypertrophic properties, has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to examine whether the natriuretic peptides protect against adult cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro. METHODS: Adult rat cardiomyocytes were incubated with angiotensin II (Ang II)+/-ANP, B-type (BNP) or C-type (CNP) natriuretic peptides for determination of [3H]phenylalanine incorporation, c-fos mRNA expression and cyclic GMP. The effects of 8-bromo-cyclic GMP (cyclic GMP analogue), HS-142-1 (particulate guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) and KT5823 (cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor) were also investigated. RESULTS: Ang II-stimulated increases in markers of hypertrophy, [3H]phenylalanine incorporation (to 136+/-3% of control, n=9) and c-fos mRNA expression (4.3+/-1.4-fold, n=5), were completely prevented by each of ANP, BNP or CNP. This protective action was accompanied by increased cardiomyocyte cyclic GMP. Inhibitory actions on [3H]phenylalanine incorporation were mimicked by 8-bromo-cyclic GMP, and were abolished by HS-142-1. KT5823 blocked the response to BNP and CNP, but not to ANP. CONCLUSION: ANP prevents hypertrophy of adult rat cardiomyocytes. This protective action is shared by BNP and CNP and involves activation of particulate guanylyl cyclase receptors. Antihypertrophic effects of BNP and CNP are mediated through cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase, but ANP can activate additional pathways independent of cyclic GMP to prevent adult cardiomyocte hypertrophy. These novel findings are of interest particularly since BNP appears to exert antifibrotic rather than antihypertrophic actions in vivo, while CNP is thought to act at least in part via the endothelium. 相似文献
136.
137.
138.
Prof. Dr. Anke Schwarz 《Der Nephrologe》2010,5(4):299-306
Acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis is usually a reaction to infection or medication. The symptoms of the acute form may be lumbar pain, fever, and oligo-anuria, sometimes exanthema. However, symptoms may also be subacute or absent. If medication is continued in this setting, the nephritis may become chronic and irreversible. Chronic interstitial nephritis is often the end-stage of other renal diseases, in particular chronic infection, but also immunological diseases including chronic renal allograft rejection. Analgesic nephropathy due to the intake of mixed analgesics over many years has become rare, either due to socio-cultural changes or to changes in the range of medications on offer. The classic diagnostic sign of toxic nephropathy is papillary necrosis. Both Chinese herbs nephropathy and Balkan nephropathy are also toxic nephropathies caused by the Aristolochia plant, partly in the form of Chinese tea preparations and partly as a result of grain contamination due to plants growing in close proximity to one another. Toxic nephropathies are often associated with urothelial carcinoma. 相似文献
139.
140.