Emodin alleviates lung ischemia–reperfusion injury by suppressing gasdermin D‐mediated pyroptosis in rats

BackgroundPyroptosis refers to programmed cell death associated with inflammation. Emodin has been reported to alleviate lung injuries caused by various pathological processes and attenuate ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injuries in diverse tissues.MethodsLewis rats were assigned into the sham, the I/R, and the I/R + emodin groups. Emodin and phosphate‐buffered saline were intraperitoneally injected into rats of the emodin group and I/R group for 30 min, respectively. These rats were then subjected to left thoracotomy followed by 90‐min clamping of the left hilum and 120‐min reperfusion. Sham‐operated rats underwent 210‐min ventilation. Lung functions, histological changes, lung edema, and cytokine levels were assessed. Protein levels were measured by western blotting. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to evaluate pyroptosis.ResultsEmodin alleviated the I/R‐induced lung dysfunction, lung damages, and inflammation. Protective effects of emodin against I/R‐mediated endothelial pyroptosis was observed in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, emodin inactivated the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB/NLRP3 pathway.ConclusionEmodin attenuates lung ischemia–reperfusion injury by inhibiting GSDMD‐mediated pyroptosis in rats.     

Correction of Hypercortisolemia with an Improved Cognitive Function and Muscle Mass after Transsphenoidal Surgery in an Older Patient with Cushing's Disease

Cushing''s disease causes numerous metabolic disorders, cognitive decline, and sarcopenia, leading to deterioration of the general health in older individuals. Cushing''s disease can be treated with transsphenoidal surgery, but thus far, surgery has often been avoided in older patients. We herein report an older woman with Cushing''s disease whose cognitive impairment and sarcopenia improved after transsphenoidal surgery. Although cognitive impairment and sarcopenia in most older patients show resistance to treatment, our case indicates that normalization of the cortisol level by transsphenoidal surgery can be effective in improving the cognitive impairment and muscle mass loss caused by Cushing''s disease.     

体素内不相干运动扩散加权成像对原发性肝细胞肝癌患者经导管动脉栓塞化疗疗效的评估价值

目的 探讨体素内不相干运动扩散加权成像(IVIM-DWI)对原发性肝细胞肝癌(HCC)患者经导管动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)疗效的评估价值.方法 80例HCC患者均接受TACE治疗,术后根据实体瘤疗效评价标准分为稳定组(n=45)和进展组(n=35),所有患者TACE前后均接受IVIM-DWI检查,检测纯扩散系数(D)、伪...     

南宁市肺结核病发病率灰色系统模型及预测

对广西南宁市(含郊区)1996~2005年肺结核发病率建立灰色系统模型,并预测2008年和2010年发病率,使结核病的防治和控制更科学、更有效。     

广州居民新型冠状病毒肺炎知信行状况调查

目的了解广州市应急健康传播教育后,居民对新型冠状病毒肺炎(NCP)的知信行情况,为下一步开展新冠肺炎疫情宣传防控工作提供依据。方法 2020年2月,采用滚雪球抽样方法对195 282名居民新冠肺炎知信行情况进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 23.0对数据进行描述性分析。结果居民对新冠肺炎病相关知识的知晓率和个人防护行为执行率相对较高,分别为(70.73%～98.92%)和(88.87%～98.30%),差异均有统计学意义(χ²=143 783.668,P <0.001;χ²=22 679.015,P <0.050)。绝大部分居民愿意配合政府实施相关防控措施(98.90%～99.78%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=3 364.959,P <0.001)。结论居民对新冠肺炎相关基本知识知晓率和个人防护行为执行率相对较高,应对居民的知信行进行动态监测,为后续防控措施制定和实施提供参考。     

三种乙型肝炎血清标志物检测方法的成本-效果分析

目的对三种乙型肝炎血清标志物(HBVMs)的测定方法进行成本-效果分析,找出低成本高效率的检测方法。方法分别用ELISA、胶体金免疫层析法(金标)、化学发光法检测血清HBVMs,同时按照各类成本的特征做实际测算。结果三法方法检测结果的符合性良好,其灵敏性依次为化学发光法,ELISA和金标法;单位成本以化学发光法最高,依次为ELISA、金标法,分别为744．17元、317．23和42．22元。批量成本则以 ELISA为最低。结论 ELISA灵敏性高,成本低,适用于普通病人筛查;金标法简便易行,可用于急诊病人快速检测;化学发光法因其价格昂贵,可用于HBVMs为临界值的病人的确证及某些特殊病人等。     

机会致病原虫动物模型在实验教学中的应用

目的探讨机会性致病原虫在实验教学中的应用效果。方法选择卡氏肺孢子虫为机会致病原虫的代表虫种,Wistar大鼠为实验动物。实验课中给实验动物口服免疫抑制剂,学生按时观察实验动物的生理状态变化,并称体重后记录。至第3周取卡氏肺孢子虫肺组织匀浆,经右胸注入部分对照组和实验组大鼠体内。第6周解剖大鼠观察肺部病理变化,并取肺组织制片检查病原体。结果实验组大鼠口服免疫抑制剂醋酸地塞米松,5周后一般状态较差,有明显的脱毛,咳喘等现象;体重由原来的160～180g下降至120～140g;肺组织印片查到卡氏肺孢子虫。对照组大鼠在实验过程中体重逐渐增加,由原来的160～180g增至190～210g;一般情况良好,肺印片镜检未发现卡氏肺孢子虫。学生在实验报告中记录了观察和检查结果,对机会性致病原虫的致病特点有深刻认识。结论有效的实验操作是保证教学质量和培养创造性思维的关键。     

双波长薄层扫描法测定枝穗大黄中大黄素的含量

目的建立枝穗大黄中大黄素含量测定方法的一种方法。方法采用双波长薄层扫描法,测定波长λS=290nm,参比波长λR=342nm。结果枝穗大黄中大黄素的平均含量为0.62%,平均回收率为97.5%。结论用双波长薄层扫描法测定,方法简单、灵敏。     

Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌的预后及其影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响Ⅳ上皮性卵巢癌预后的因素。方法 回顾性分析１９９０年１月￣１９９８年５月我院治疗的３１例Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌的临床资料,包括患者年龄,病理类型,分化程度,转移部位,术后残留病灶大小、化疗疗程数及生存期等。结果 总的中位生存时间为１５个月,残留病灶≤２ｃｍ、化疗次数≥８,无肝实质转移的患者中位生存时间明显较相应的对照组长（Ｐ〈０．０１）;经多因素分析,年龄,病理类型,分化程度对预后无显著性