Do children with primary nocturnal enuresis have a retarded bone age? A cross‐sectional study

OBJECTIVE: Nocturnal enuresis is a common pediatric problem, the etiology of which is unclear. In recent years, various studies have been published stating that children with nocturnal enuresis exhibit growth and skeletal maturation retardation. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we included 27 patients (16 boys, 11 girls) between the ages of 6 and 14 years who had presented with primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) complaints. We included in the evaluation 19 healthy subjects (12 boys, 7 girls), who were the siblings of the children with PNE, as the control group. RESULTS: The patients in both groups were similar in chronological age, bone age, height and weight, with no significant difference between groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The two groups in our study consisted of the same genetic background. Thus, our results were found to be different from the previous studies. We have concluded that there is no direct relationship between enuresis nocturnal and skeletal maturation.     

Fit and fill analysis of a newly designed femoral stem in cementless total hip arthroplasty for patients with secondary osteoarthritis

The fit and fill of the femoral canal are critical to the success of cementless femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty. It is difficult for conventional stems to provide a good fit and fill for the femora of patients with secondary osteoarthritis. Based on measurements of 100 femora of these patients, we designed two types of Fukui Medical School (FMS) stems with a proximal lateral flare that differed in the medial radius. We compared the fit and fill of the FMS stems with those of four conventional stems, using computer simulation. The mean proximal fit and total fit of the FMS stems were 46% and 53% respectively, a significant improvement compared with the other stems examined. The mean fill of FMS stems was 82% at the lower end of the lesser trochanter and 84% at the upper end of the isthmus, values that were significantly higher than those of the other stems. Since September 1995, we have implanted FMS stems in 15 hips with secondary osteoarthritis. Radiographic evaluations showed that the canal fill of the FMS stems was significantly greater in the proximal femur compared with other stems previously inserted at our department. A summary of this paper was presented at the 9th Symposium on Computer-Assisted Radiology; June 1995, Berlin, and at the 8th International Symposium on Technology in Arthroplasty; September 1995, Puerto Rico.     

A37 REACTIVITY OF PLATELET AUTOANTIBODIES WITH PAPAIN TREATED PLATELETS AND COMPARISON WITH GLYCOPROTEIN SPECIFICITY.

A1 INFLUENCE OF POSTURE ON REACTIONS IN NEW BLOOD DONORS. A2 A CONFIDENTIAL UNIT EXCLUSION SYSTEM IDENTIFIES DONORS WITH A POTENTIAL FOR HIV INFECTION. A3 A STABLE BLOOD SUPPLY FOR THE FUTURE: THE RECRUITMENT OF 16 TO 18 YEAR OLD DONORS TODAY AND THEI CONTRIBUTION AS COMMITTED REGULAR DONORS OF TOMORROW. A4 APPROACH TO A SUPPLY CRISIS OF HYPERIMMUNE RHESUS PLASMA FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RhD IMMUNOGLOBULIN A5 THE INFLUENCE OF AGE, SEX AND ABO BLOOD GROUP ON THE INCIDENCE OF CMV ANTIBODIES IN SYDNEY BLOOD DONORS. A6 THE INCIDENCE OF CATEGORY VI AMONGST WEAK Rh(D) POSITIVE SYDNEY BLOOD DONORS. A7 A MODIFIED METHOD FOR DETECTING HIGH TITRE ANTI-A AND ANTI-B IN GROUP O DONORS A8 IMPROVING THE CLINICAL SPECIFICITY OF ALANINE AMINO TRANSFERASE (ALT) TEST RESULTS WITHIN THE NORMAL BLOOD DONOR POPULATION OF QUEENSLAND. A9 EXTRACTION OF HCV RNA USING A GUANIDINE ISOTHIOCYNATE METHOD. A10 HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) ANTIBODY DETECTION IN TASMANIAN BLOOD DONORS. A11 EFFECTIVE INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL FOR ENZYME IMMUNOASSAYS A12 DETECTION OF ANTIBODY TO NON-PATHOGENIC RETROVIRUSES (SPUMAVIRUSES) IN HUMAN SERUM A13 DETECTION OF ANTIBODY TO NON-PATHOGENIC RETROVIRUSES (SPUMAVIRUSES) IN HUMAN SERUM A14 A NOVEL BLOOD BAG SYSTEM WITH POTENTIAL, FOR THE ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET. A15 DESIGN OF CONTAINERS SUITABLE FOR THE TRANSPORT OF RED CELL, PLATELET AND FROZEN PLASMA PRODUCTS. A16 EVALUATION OF INDICATOR LABELS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE OF IRRADIATION PROCEDURE OF BLOOD PRODUCTS. A17 MOLECULAR TYPING FOR UNUSUAL ABO TYPES. A18 AN EXAMPLE OF THE RARE ABO SUBGROUP, A19 RFLP ANALYSIS OF A RH NULL BLOOD DONOR. A20 A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEWIS ERYTHROCYTE PHENOTYPES AND COLORECTAL CANCER. A21 PATERNITY TESTING USING SINGLE LOCUS DNA PROBES: OBSERVATIONS ON THE REFERENCE DATA BASE SIZE A22 USE OF FAMILY AND POPULATION STUDIES TO DETERMINE THE SPECIFICITY AND INHERITANCE OF NEUTROPHIL ANTIGENS DEFINED BY PLANT LECTINS. A23 SAMPLING PLANS: IS THERE RELEVANCE FOR BLOOD COMPONENT QC? A24 QUALITY MANAGEMENT: HOW DO WE DO IT IN A STATE THE SIZE OF QUEENSLAND? A26 THE ENERGY METABOLISM OF CIRCULATING CELLS. A27 ACETATE UTILISATION RATES AND THE EFFECT OF GLUCOSE-FREE PLASMA IN PLATELET CONCENTRATE STORED IN A MIMIMAL MEDIUM (MPM). A28 IMPROVED LEVELS OF 2,3 DJPHOSPHOGLYCERATE IN RED CELL SUSPENSIONS PREPARED FROM BLOOD COLLECTED INTO DEXTROSE-FREE ANTICOAGULANT. A29 EVALUATION OF RED CELL FREEZING METHODS AS A PRELUDE TO ADOPTING -80° C FREEZING IN HIGH GLYCEROL IN ROUTINE PRACTICE. A30 CLUMPING IN PLATELET CONCENTRATES - AN UNSOLVED PROBLEM. A31 AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD: SAFE FOR OTHERS OR NOT? A32 ESTABLISHMENT OF AN AUSTRALIAN HAEMOPHILIA TREATMENT CENTRE DATA BANK. A33 EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF ROBOTICS AND MICROPLATE TECHNOLOGY TO SEMI-AUTOMATE A ROUTINE HOSPITAL BLOOD BANK. A34 AN ANTI-IgAl/IgA2 ELISA ASSAY FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF HYPESENSITIVITY TRANSFUSION REACTIONS. A35 THE INFLUENCE OF IgG AGGREGATES AND FRESH NORMAL SERUM ON THE MONOCYTE MONOLAYER ASSAY A36 DETECTION OF Rh(D) POSITIVE FETAL CELLS IN PREGNANT Rh(D)-NEGATIVE WOMEN BY FLOW CYTOMETRY. A38 HAEMOSTAT-IX: A HIGH PURITY FACTOR CONCENTRATE FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HAEMOPHILIA B. A39 GRAVITY FILTRATION OF PLASMA FROM DONOR BLOOD UTILISING A HOLLOW FIBRE FILTER MEMBRANE DEVICE A40 The Therapeutic Device Problem Reporting Scheme, and the Victorian Red Cross Blood Bank A43 HIGH FREQUENCY ANTIBODIES AND THE ADVANTAGES OF MANUAL POLYBRENE. A44 FACTS AND FANTASY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLATELET ADDITIVE SOLUTIONS. A45 LACK OF EFFECT OF STORAGE CONTAINER ON STORAGE OF PLATELETS PREPARED FROM DEXTROSE-FREE BLOOD, A46 PLATELETS PREPARED FROM DEXTROSE-FREE BLOOD MAY BE STORED WITHOUT AGITATION. A47 QUALITY OF BED CELL CONCENTRATE IN HOSPITALS COMPARED TO THE BLOOD BANK A48FLOW CYTOMETRIC CHARACTERISATION OF LEUCOCYTE - DEPLETED RED CELL CONCEHTRATES. A49 PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERISATION OF HUMAN MONOCLONAL ANTI-D ANTIBODIES. A50 CD55 AND CD59 SUSCEPTIBILITY TO PROTEASE TREATMENT AND THE RESULTANT EFFECT ON COMPLEMENT LYSIS OF RBCs. A51 DIRECT COMPARISON BETWEEN PLATELET STORAGE CONTAINERS - IMPROVEMENT IN STORAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF TUTA PLATELET BAGS OVER THE PAST FOUR YEARS. A52 IMPROVED SOLID-PHASE MIXED PASSIVE HAENAGGLUTININ ASSAY (MPHA) WITH FROZEN PANEL PLATELETS FOR THE DETECTION OF HUMAN PLATELET ANTIBODIES. A53 DEVELOPMENT OF A SOLVENT DETERGENT TREATED THROMBIN CONCENTRATE AS A COMPONENT OF A FIBRIN GLUE KIT. A54 Autologous blood transfusion: a promotional programme A55 AVAILABILITY OF BLOOD PRODUCTS FOR ACUTELY BLEEDING PATIENTS. A56 REMINISCENCES OF 50 YEARS A. A TRANSFUSION ST. A57 A NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR REPORTING TRANSFUSION REACTIONS TO FRACTIONATED BLOOD PRODUCTS. A58 EFFECT OF FLUORESCENT LIGHTING ON THE VISUAL APPEARANCE OF PLATELET CONCENTRATES A59 USING A MICROWAVE OVEN TO THAW FRESH FROZEN PLASMA. A60 COAGULATION CAPACITY OF POOLED PLATELET PLASMA. A61 A COMPARISON OF IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY SURVEY PERFORMANCE BETWEEN NEK ZEALAND AND AUSTRALIA A62 COMPATIBILITY TESTING: ARE ENZYME TESTS REQUIRED? A63 AN EVALUATION OF THE DIAMED MEROTYPING SYSTEM FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE DIRKT ANTIGLOBUDIN TEST. A64 ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE IN BLOOD GROUP ANTIBODY DETECTION. A65 CHARACTERISATION OF MABS TO THROMBIN-HIRUDIN COMPLEXES WITH IMMUNOASSAY POTENTIAL. A66 MONITORING ANTT-HPA-la (P1^A1) PLATELET ANTIBODY LEVELS DURING PREGNANCY USING THE MAIPA TEST. A67 COMPARISON OF PIFT AND MAIPA TEST“ IN THE DETECTION OF ANTI-HPA-la (PI^A1) PLATELET ANTIBODIES. A68 USE OF PLATELET-CROSSMATCHING IN SUPPORT OF A CASE OF MYELODYSPLASIA WTTH A PLATELET SPECIFIC AND B LYMPHOCYTE ANTIBODY A69 The Pattern of Leucocyte Antibody formation in Transfused Patients. A70 DETECTION OF HPA-Ia ANTIBODY IN BREAST MILK A71 ANALYSIS OF PRENATAL SCREENING. A72 DETECTION OF MINOR POPULATIONS OF ERYTHROCYTES A73 MODIFICATIONS TO THE MCNOCYTE-MEDIATED ADCC ASSAY. A74 AN AUTO ANTI-JMH; GAMMA-CLONE POLYSPECIFIC AHG AS A USEFUL TOOL. A75 CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT ANTI-A1 DERIVED FROM B LYMPHOCYTES FOLLOWING SINGLE LUNG TRANSPLANTATION. A76 CONFIRMATION THAT ANTI-ELO CAUSES HAEMOLYTIC DISEASE OFTHE NEWBORN. A77 ANTI-Do^a STIMULATED BY PREGNANCY. A78 DONOR IgM ANTI-A ASSOCIATED WITH HAEMOLYTIC TRANSFUSION REACTION A79 COLLECTION OF GRANULOCYTES AND PLATELETS USING FENWALL CS 3000 AND HAEMONETICS 30 CELL SEPARATORS - A COMPARISON. A80 APPARENT LYMPHOPENIA IN PLASMAPHERESIS DONORS     

Juvenile hypocalcemia provokes persistent electroencephalographic change in renally compromised rats

In view of the putative involvement of calcium in uremic encephalopathy and the critical importance of this element in juvenile development, we examined the effect of temporary restriction of dietary calcium intake on serum chemistry and the quantitative electroencephalogram (Q.EEG) in unilaterally 3/4 nephrectomized juvenile male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were renally infarcted at 22-26 days of age (50-74 g) and placed on one of two isocaloric dietary regimens: powdered normal rat diet (ND, n = 25) or low calcium diet (LCD, n = 8) for 30 days. At this time, ND animals showed normal serum chemistries, whereas LCD rats were hypocalcemic and azotemic with significantly elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine concentrations and reduced renal creatinine clearance values. All animals thereafter received ND for 25-34 further days, during which time chronic Q.EEG electrodes were implanted. At the end of the common ND feeding period, serum chemistry values were equal and normal in both groups. The average theta/alpha ratio (TAR) of the overnight Q.EEG was assessed for 3 days. We found that the TAR of previously LCD animals was significantly elevated compared with ND rats. This indicates an encephalopathic slowing of the background rhythm of these animals. We conclude that, following restoration of a transient uremic and hypocalcemic episode induced by LCD feeding, the Q.EEG background frequency of juvenile renally impaired rats was abnormally slow after 30 days of ND feeding.     

The lateral nucleus of the amygdala mediates expression of the amphetamine-produced conditioned place preference

We investigated the involvement of the hippocampal formation and the amygdala in the acquisition and expression of the amphetamine-produced conditioned place preference (CPP). Animals were conditioned in four sessions that included two pairings of d-amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg, s.c.) with one of two distinct compartments and two pairings of vehicle with the other compartment in a counterbalanced manner. Animals' preferences for the compartments were then tested in the absence of amphetamine. The CPP was attenuated by preconditioning electrolytic or excitotoxic lesions of the lateral nucleus of amygdala, but not by electrolytic lesions of the central or basolateral nucleus of amygdala, endopiriform nucleus, or ventral hippocampus or by radio-frequency lesions of the fornix-fimbria. When the lateral nucleus of amygdala was damaged by electrolytic or excitotoxic lesions after conditioning, animals failed to express an amphetamine-produced CPP. These results demonstrate that expression of the amphetamine-produced CPP is mediated by intrinsic neurons of the lateral nucleus of the amygdala, and that neither acquisition nor expression of the CPP is mediated by the central or basolateral amygdaloid nucleus or the hippocampus-accumbens projection. Combined with our previous finding that the expression of the amphetamine-produced CPP is also mediated by dopamine receptor activation in the nucleus accumbens (Hiroi and White, 1989, 1990), it could be suggested that the lateral nucleus of the amygdala and dopamine terminals in the nucleus accumbens are parts of the neural circuitry that mediates the expression of the amphetamine-produced CPP.