32P-磷酸铬-聚 L-乳酸缓释粒子的制备及其放射性释出和生物分布

Objective The aim of this study was to prepare the 32P-chromic phosphate-poly(L-lac-tide) (32P-CP-PLLA) particles with different ratio of the materials and further examine their performance in-dex in vivo and in vitro and their intracorporeal distribution. Methods The erosion, degrading rates, de-layed release velocity and radioactivity self-absorption coefficient (RSAC) of 32P-CP-PLLA particles made from different materials were investigated and compared. After the implantation of 32P-CP-PLLA particles and the injection of 32P-CP colloids in the muscular tissues, the weight loss rate and the radioactivity release rate (RRR) of the particles were calculated. The intracorporeal distribution, radioactive half-life and bio-logical effect of 32P in the targeting sites were further studied. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 12.0, and one-way analysis of variance and t-test were used. Results 32P-CP-PLLA particles were of green cylinder, with regular shape and radionuclide distribution. The RSAC of the particles was of little re-lation with molecular weight of PLLA and proportional to the ratio of PLLA to CP. The extracorporeal release rate increased with the reduction of molecular weight of PLLA and with the increase of the ratio of PLLA to CP. The RRR reached peak when PLLA was 3 times of CP. The 32P-CP, released with the degradation and corrosion of the particle distributed mainly in the surrounding muscles of the particle. And the peak of per-centage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (% ID/g) in liver, spleen and bone were 1. 7887, 1. 6401 and 1. 9470 respectively, much lower than that in the 32P-CP group (4.7523, 3.9712 and 4.3174 ; all t > 2.7, all P < 0.05). The % ID/g in other organs was much less. The radioactivity effective half-life in the targeting sites increased to about 13 d. There was widespread necrosis around the particles with no ex-istence of normal tissues among them. And no abnormality in spleen and liver was found. Conclusion As a better dosage form of pure β-particle emitter, 32P-CP-PLLA, which can increase the targeting radioactive dosage and effective half-life in the implanting sites, can be served as an potential implanting agent for onco-therapy with a better perspective.     

32P-磷酸铬-聚 L-乳酸缓释粒子的制备及其放射性释出和生物分布

Objective The aim of this study was to prepare the 32P-chromic phosphate-poly(L-lac-tide) (32P-CP-PLLA) particles with different ratio of the materials and further examine their performance in-dex in vivo and in vitro and their intracorporeal distribution. Methods The erosion, degrading rates, de-layed release velocity and radioactivity self-absorption coefficient (RSAC) of 32P-CP-PLLA particles made from different materials were investigated and compared. After the implantation of 32P-CP-PLLA particles and the injection of 32P-CP colloids in the muscular tissues, the weight loss rate and the radioactivity release rate (RRR) of the particles were calculated. The intracorporeal distribution, radioactive half-life and bio-logical effect of 32P in the targeting sites were further studied. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 12.0, and one-way analysis of variance and t-test were used. Results 32P-CP-PLLA particles were of green cylinder, with regular shape and radionuclide distribution. The RSAC of the particles was of little re-lation with molecular weight of PLLA and proportional to the ratio of PLLA to CP. The extracorporeal release rate increased with the reduction of molecular weight of PLLA and with the increase of the ratio of PLLA to CP. The RRR reached peak when PLLA was 3 times of CP. The 32P-CP, released with the degradation and corrosion of the particle distributed mainly in the surrounding muscles of the particle. And the peak of per-centage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (% ID/g) in liver, spleen and bone were 1. 7887, 1. 6401 and 1. 9470 respectively, much lower than that in the 32P-CP group (4.7523, 3.9712 and 4.3174 ; all t > 2.7, all P < 0.05). The % ID/g in other organs was much less. The radioactivity effective half-life in the targeting sites increased to about 13 d. There was widespread necrosis around the particles with no ex-istence of normal tissues among them. And no abnormality in spleen and liver was found. Conclusion As a better dosage form of pure β-particle emitter, 32P-CP-PLLA, which can increase the targeting radioactive dosage and effective half-life in the implanting sites, can be served as an potential implanting agent for onco-therapy with a better perspective.     

新型生物医学材料——类金刚石膜的研究进展

类金刚石因具有良好的细胞相容性、血液相容性及高耐磨性高硬度等特点 ,而成为一种很有发展前景的生物膜材料。本文综述了 2 0世纪 90年代以来类金刚石的理化性质、生物学方面的研究进展 ,并对未来的发展进行了展望。     

雌激素和大肠肿瘤

自1916年Lathrop首次报道雌激素对乳腺有潜在致癌性以来,人们陆续发现雌激素不但对靶组织具有致癌或促癌作用,而且对非靶组织,如,淋巴组织、皮肤、脑膜、肠粘膜等亦有类似作用。至于雌激素对大肠肿瘤的发生、发展之影响究竟如何,目前仍众说纷纭,莫衷一是。本     

大肠肿瘤组织中人乳头状瘤病毒感染与P53基因表达的研究

目的探讨HPV16和HPV18感染及P53基因异常表达与大肠肿瘤发生间的关系。方法采用地高辛标记的HPV16和HPV18DNA深外分别在40例大肠癌和30例大肠腺瘤组织石蜡切片上进行原位杂交探测HPVDNA。同时,采用SABC法检测大肠癌和大肠腺瘤的P53表达水平。结果受检大肠腺瘤组织HPVDNA阳性8例（27％）,其中HPV16DNA5例,HPV18DNA3例,主要见于管状绒毛状腺癌和绒毛状腺瘤;大肠腺癌组织中HPVDNA阳性19例（4％）,其中HPV16DNA14例,HPV18DNA5例。HPVDNA主要见于肿瘤细胞核中,少部分见于胞浆中。大肠癌组织中HPV16．18DNA检出阳性率明显高于大肠腺癌,且腺痛中HPV16DNA阳性率明显高于其他类型腺瘤。大肠癌P53蛋白阳性率为48％;腺癌的阳性率则为16．2％。结论HPV16．18型感染并整合至宿主细胞DNA中可能导致P53基因突变与大肠腺癌发生有密切关系。     

南京铁道医学院申报国家自然科学基金项目未中标原因分析及对策

目的 :通过分析本院近年申报国家自然科学基金项目未获资助的主要原因 ,结合本院实际提出对策 ,以期给申请者和科研管理人员今后的工作以启示。方法 :收集本院 1995～ 1999年间申报国家自然科学基金项目而未获资助的反馈材料 132份 ,对其未获资助原因进行统计分析。结果 :1995～ 1999年期间本院各学科申报国家自然科学基金项目未中标的主要原因是立项问题 (占 48.6 8% ) ,其次是研究过程中存在的问题 (占 2 1.6 9% ) ,因管理疏漏而造成申请书不符合招标要求者占 3 .71%。结论 :为了提高国家自然科学基金项目申报中标率 ,必须树立创新意识 ,增强竞争实力 ;明确研究目标 ,加强课题前期研究 ;加强标书质量 ,严格申报把关     

pcDNA3.1/DLC-1 重组质粒的构建及其在HT-29细胞中的表达

 目的 构建和表达DLC-1(deleted in liver cancer)基因重组质粒。 方法 用PCR法得到DLC-1基因片段,此基因片段带有Xba Ⅰ和BamH Ⅰ两个酶切位点,然后将此片段 和真核表达载体pcDNA3.1连接,转化大肠杆菌DH5a,利用脂质体介导将pcDNA3.1/DLC-1重组质 粒转染到结肠癌HT-29细胞中,再用RT-PCR法检测重组质粒的表达。 结果 重组质粒经Xba Ⅰ和BamH Ⅰ双酶切和测序与DLC-1基因序列一致;利用脂质体介导将 pcDNA3.1/DLC-1重组质粒导入HT-29细胞,获得了DLC-1基因的表达。 结论 成功构建pcDNA3.1/DLC-1重组质粒并在HT-29细胞内表达。     

32P-磷酸铬-聚L-乳酸缓释粒子近距离放射治疗前列腺癌合并淋巴结转移

目的 观察32P-磷酸铬-聚L-乳酸(32P-CP-PLLA)缓释粒子植入对裸鼠前列腺癌实体瘤和区域淋巴结转移灶的治疗作用.方法 建立裸鼠原位前列腺癌及淋巴结转移模型,4周后分别进行高、中、低剂量(剂量分别为3.7、7.4、14.8 MBq)32P-CP-PLLA缓释粒子瘤体局部植入,观察(1)不同剂量32P-CP-PLLA缓释粒子的体内生物学分布;(2)上述缓释粒子对瘤体和淋巴结病理形态学影响以及抑瘤率;(3)观察血WBC和PLT变化,研究其血液不良反应.结果 SPECT显示32P-CP-PLLA缓释粒子植入后主要聚集在瘤体局部和区域淋巴结,形态学检查显示实体瘤和区域淋巴结转移灶瘤组织呈出血、坏死性改变;抑瘤率与给药剂量正相关,给药剂量为3.7、7.4、14.8 MBq,抑瘤率分别为:(70.16±5.48)%、(80.18±5.84)%、(84.97±4.79)%,无明显骨髓抑制反应.结论 32P-CP-PLLA缓释粒子瘤体局部植入对前列腺癌肿瘤组织和区域性淋巴结转移灶具有杀伤作用.     

室内空气中挥发性有机物的溶剂解吸-气相色谱测定法

目的探讨二硫化碳解吸-毛细管气相色谱法检测室内空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的可行性.方法室内空气中VOCs经活性炭采样管采样,二硫化碳解吸后用气相色谱法分离、测定.结果该方法的RSD为1.19%～5.50%,回收率为87.5%～99.5%.苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯的线性范围分别为0.015～3.100、0.077～6.200、0.110～24.800、0.042～4.340mg/m3,乙酸丁酯、苯乙烯、十一烷的线性范围分别为0.110～4.340、0.039～4.340、0.027～12.400mg/m3,均r＞0.999.结论用该方法测定室内空气中VOCs,其精密度和准确度均能满足要求,且操作简单快速,易推广应用.