下腔静脉滤器置入术预防肺动脉栓塞

下肢深静脉血栓 (DVT)主要危害是血栓脱落造成肺动脉栓塞 (PE)。下腔静脉滤器经皮经股静脉或颈内静脉穿刺置入术 ,是一种预防由于 DVT形成后致死性 PE的行之有效的治疗方法。笔者对我院 1998年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 5月所作的 14例下腔静脉滤器置入术病例进行随访 ,现将临床应用结果报告如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　 14例中 ,男性 11例 ,女性 3例 ,年龄 45 .2± 13.7岁 (2 1～ 6 1岁 )。所有病例均经彩色多普勒超声证实 ,并有下肢深静脉血栓形成 (其中 4例还通过顺行性下肢静脉造影证实 )。左下肢 DVT6例 ,右下肢 4例 ,双下肢 4例。…     

21例纵隔神经源性肿瘤的X线与CT的诊断

目的：进一步认识纵隔神经源性肿瘤的X线及CT表现，提高诊断准确性。方法：回顾分析经手术病理证实的纵隔神经源性肿瘤21例，其中神经鞘瘤7例，神经纤维瘤8例，节神经细胞瘤4例，恶性神经源性肿瘤2例，所有病例均经胸部拍片及CT扫描。结果：纵隔神经源性肿瘤发生于后纵隔(95．2％)，典型X线表现为后纵隔脊柱旁圆形或椭圆形边缘光滑肿块，CT可明确显示病变内钙化，肿块形态，肿块与邻近结构的显示及肿块的强化特点等。结论：X线检查是发现纵隔神经源性肿瘤的有效手段，CT扫描有利于肿块的准确定位及形态学诊断，有助于肿瘤的定性和估计手术切除的可能性。神经源性肿瘤是最常见的原发性后纵隔肿瘤，绝大多数发生于后纵隔脊柱旁沟处，少数肿瘤可部分发生在椎间孔内，使肿瘤呈哑铃状生长。本收集了1997年-2002年我院经手术病理证实的21例纵隔神经源性肿瘤，对其X线及CT表现进行了回顾性分析。     

介入栓塞治疗在头颈部富血管病变中的临床应用

目的　探讨头颈部富血管病变栓塞治疗的临床价值。方法　对 57例头颈部富血管病变患者在DSA下超选择插管后进行介入栓塞治疗。结果　全部病例均显示病变范围、血供情况及营养血管的特征 ;部分患者栓塞即获得根治效果 ,部分患者在栓塞后进行手术治疗。术中见肿块缩小 ,出血明显减少 ,临床效果满意。结论　对于头颈部富血管病变 ,DSA下介入栓塞治疗是一种较为理想的治疗手段 ,操作简便、安全。     

胰腺假性囊肿的临床特征与影象诊断

胰腺假性囊肿比较少见,本文收集28例,其中14例经手术病理证实,4例经囊肿穿刺证实;此前10例根据急、慢性胰腺炎病史临床确定。现报告其临床特征及影象诊断。临床资料一、一般资料本组男18例,女10例;年龄4～64岁,平均29岁。病程5小时到20年。20例因伴急、     

胸片与体层的高千伏摄影对支气管肺癌的诊断价值

在支气管病变尤其是肺癌的Ｘ线诊断中，体层摄影尤为重要，但实际工作中常遇到气管、支气管断层摄影时使用低千伏，隆突角与肺内支气管不容易同时显示清楚。为了提高诊断准确率，笔者收集我院１９８６～１９９７年手术后病理证实为支气管肺癌８８例术前使用的高千伏常规胸...     

Functional rehabilitation of upper limbs after operation of mastocarcinoma

Background:The aim of treatment of mastocarcinouma is to lengthen the lifetime of the patients,and improve their quality of life.Function training is very important in postoperative rehabilitation treatment for the mastocarcinoma patients.The degree than functions recover shows direct proportion to the rehabilitation training.Objective:To study the therapeutic effect of rehabilitation training after operation of mastocarcinoma.Unit:First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Subjects:All 58 cades were married females,with 4 cases aging 2-30 years,18 cases 31-40 years.25 cases 40-50 years,11 cases 50-78 years.In order to follow up the recovery degree of the upper limb function of the mastocarcinoma patients before and after operation,all the subjects were photographed by X-ray(LORAD-MIV type,the U.S.A.).in axis and oblique position,and in psoition of small angle or lateral psoition or amplified photograph when necessary.All the 58 cases were treated with operations including 10 cases of halsted,18 cases of improved radical operation I.12 cases of improved radical operation Ⅱ，4 cases of halsted plus cervical lymphadenectomy,14 cases of extensive resection of the tumor plus axillary lymphademectomy with the mammary maintained.Intervention:The patients were told to do motion exercises of the forearms and the elbows and exercises of making a fist both for 5-10 times once and repeat for 5-6 times with equal intervals one or two days after operation.On the 3rd day on the patients were told to lift the hand of the operational side up to the same level of the head by the hadn of healthy side,3 times once,3-4times a day.On the 4th day,the healthy hand grasped the thumb of the attacked hand and lift it up with the attacked arm in an extension state,3 times once,3-4 times a day.On the 5th day,the healthy hand supported the elbow of the attacked arm and lifted it up slowly till it was higher than the head with the attacked arm extending as straight as possible,2 times once,3-4 times a day.On the 6th day,the finger tips of the attacked side slid upward along the wall,and the height was gradually increased,2 times once,for 3-4 times.On the 7-8days,abduction of the subulder was performed.On the 9 th day,rotation of the shoulder was per formed.On the 10th,rope drawing movement was performed com bining the upmentioned exercises.On the 14th,the patients could have exercises,in groups.In order to obtain satisfied effect,each must performed the exercises according to the operation and postoperative time of her own.The functions of up-lifting,abduction,adduction,intorsion,and extorsion were detected and recorded for 3 times i.e.before operation,the 8t day after operation,and before discharge.Result:After functional exercieses,reexamination(1-2 months later)showed that 33 of the 38 patients(86%)had the same functions of up-lifting,abduction,supination,and pronation as that before operation or of the healthy side.5 cases had less extorsion of 20-30 degrees,counted for 9%.2 cases had too late movement because of lymph vessel injury during operation and the edema persisted for 3 years.Conclusion:The new concept of early carcinoma must be set up,susceptible factors and the knowledge of mamman hygiene must be grasped in order to prevent mastocarcinoma and improve the quality of the patients‘ life.The patients‘ limb function exercises should be guided corectly.     

乳腺内X线成像中钙化的分析

有关乳腺钙化在Ｘ线诊断上的意义目前尚有争论,为提高对乳腺钙化的认识,笔者回顾我院１９９７－１９９９年手术病理证实的４８例乳腺内钙化良恶性特征作进一步的分析与探讨。１材料和方法 ４８例均为女性,年龄２６－７４岁,平均４６岁。乳腺钙化中临床出现症状、体征者３６例,其中肿块２０例,局限性腺体增厚５例,疼痛６例,余１７例无任何自觉症状,为体检时发现。每例均摄斜位和轴位片,必要时加摄侧位、小角度斜位,用微焦点对可疑地区行加压局部点片,将乳房组织展开以及放大照像。２结果 乳腺钙化在片中形态多样,其中以多种形态…     

数字减影血管造影系统的硬件研制

本文介绍一种数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）系统。该系统可实现造影剂注射后的造影图象与注射前采集的蒙片图象作实时减影运算，同时具有动态采集、回放及图象硬件放大、漫游等功能。其最大图象存贮量可达１２８Ｍｂｉｔ。系统经临床使用认为，基本上可满足目前开展ＤＳＡ工作的需要。     

乳腺癌X线征象78例分析

目的：提高乳腺癌X线的早期诊断率。方法：收集经手术病理证实的乳腺癌78例，乳腺良性病变109例，以恶性钙化，大导管相，漏斗征，异常血管相，皮肤增厚，牛角征，塔尖征及腋下淋巴结肿大八个影像学征象为分析对象，并比较良恶性乳腺病变钙化特征。结果：八下征象是乳腺癌的特异征象，良性病变较少出现且表现不同，良恶性乳腺疾病的钙化特征存在显著差异，结论：乳腺癌在肿块形态不明确情况下，相关X一征象是早期乳腺癌X线诊断的可靠依据。