医用胶在显微血管减压术中的应用体会

目的总结医用胶在显微血管减压术(MVD)中的使用经验。方法回顾性分析2354例在显微血管减压术中应用医用胶的患者资料并参考相关文献进行讨论。结果本组病例中应用医用胶的效果确切可靠,未见毒副作用。结论医用胶在显微血管减压术中的应用安全且固定牢固,可提高疗效,减少并发症。     

导水管梗阻所致巨大脑室脑积水的内镜治疗

目的 探讨导水管梗阻所致巨大脑室脑积水手术治疗的指征及并发症预防.方法 神经内镜下共治疗32例巨大脑室脑积水患者,其中25例行经额入路第三脑室底造瘘术,1例行经额小脑上池囊肿造瘘术,5例行枕下入路内镜下后颅窝囊肿切除、囊腔枕大池造瘘,1例行经枕下入路导水管成形术.结果 术后随访1-4年,32例具有行走不稳、尿失禁、智商下降、精神运动发育迟缓的患者中,26例症状明显改善,6例症状未继续进展.6例术前存在高颅压症状患者术后症状改善,除1例出现硬膜下积液外,无其他严重并发症发生.结论 巨大脑室脑积水并非内镜手术治疗禁忌,凡影像检查确定为导水管梗阻所致的巨大脑室脑积水,均应积极手术治疗,改进手术方法 可以避免严重并发症的发生.     

磁共振相位电影对比法在内镜下导水管成形术中的应用

Objective To evaluate the application of phase-contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in endoscopic aqueductoplasty for patients with obstructive hydrocephalus. Methods The clinical diagnosis of hydrocephalus due to aqueduct obstruction in 23 patients was confirmed by phasecontrast cine MRI examination. The patients were treated with endoscopic aqueductoplasty. MRI was repeated during follow- up period. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow velocity in aqueduct was measured to determine whether the aqueduct was obstructed. Results The Results of phase -contrast cine MRI examinations indicated that there was no CSF flow in aqueduct in any patient. Aqueductoplasty was successfully performed in all patients. After one week, the Results of phase - contrast cine MRI examinations showed an average CSF flow velocity of (4.74 ± 1.77) cm/s. During follow - up period, intracranial hypertension recurred in two patients in whom CSF flow was not seen inside the aqueduct by phase - contrast cine MRI scan and the aqueduct re - occlusion was revealed by endoscopic exploration. Conclusions By measuring CSF flow velocity, phase - contrast cine MRI could accurately identify whether the aqueduct is obstructed. It should play an important role in the diagnosis of obstructive hydrocephalus and evaluation of theeffectiveness of aqueductoplasty, and it could be used for follow - up evaluation as well.     

桥小脑角区蛛网膜囊肿与面肌痉挛的关系（附31例临床分析）

目的 探讨桥小脑角区蛛网膜囊肿在面肌痉挛病因中的作用、以及对此类病例的处理策略.方法 回顾性总结我科从2004年9月到2007年8月间行显微血管减压术治疗的1705例面肌痉挛患者的病例资料,对术中发现的31例桥小脑角蛛网膜囊肿者进行分析总结.结果 31例蛛网膜囊肿中有7例囊肿本身明显参与和责任血管共同压迫面神经根,18例囊肿尽管本身没有参与压迫,但囊壁与后组颅神经及血管广泛粘连,对术中解剖及责任血管分离造成影响,另有6例单纯小囊肿与病因形成无关,对手术操作无影响.手术结果中,25例术后症状即时消失,6例症状减轻,5例在1～6个月的随访中延迟愈合.手术并发症有医源性一过性面瘫4例;听力减退2例; 短期单纯性耳鸣1例; 声音嘶哑呛咳1例;迟发性面瘫2例,术后血压增高1例.结论 蛛网膜囊肿不会单独成为面肌痉挛的病因;合并蛛网膜囊肿的面肌痉挛,在后组颅神经解剖和责任血管分离方面存在困难,易导致手术并发症的出现,对术者的手术技巧提出更高要求.     

磁共振电影成像与第三脑室底造瘘术后评估

目的 探讨相位对比磁共振电影成像法在对非交通性脑积水患者行第三脑室底造瘘术后瘘口开通状况的评估价值.方法 利用相位对比磁共振电影成像法对128例非交通性脑积水患者行神经内镜下第三脑室底造瘘术后进行瘘口的流速测定,并作为随访方法 .对部分术后临床症状缓解不佳、或在随访期内再次出现高颅压症状的患者进行二次内镜下探查,结合术中探查及二次手术前磁共振电影成像检查结果 来分析电影成像检查对判断造瘘口是否开通的准确性.结果 3例术后临床症状缓解不佳,电影成像检查显示脑脊液流过瘘口良好,二次手术探查中亦证实造瘘口处于开通状况;16例患者术后再次出现高颅压的患者,磁共振电影成像检查显示造瘘口脑脊液流速明显减小,二次内镜下手术探查显示造瘘口闭塞或明显狭窄,重新造瘘后临床症状改善.电影成像检查结果 和手术探查显示的结果 符合率为100%.结论 磁共振电影成像可以精确反映第三脑室底造瘘术后造瘘口开通情况,可以作为评估造瘘后造瘘口开通状况的金标准及重要的随访手段.     

第三脑室造瘘术后间脑发作的诊断及治疗(附20例分析)

2005年7月～2007年12月,我院治疗20例第三脑室造瘘术后间脑发作病人,效果良好,现总结并报告如下。1对象与方法1.1一般资料男12例,女8例;年龄52d～25岁,平均3.4岁,其中<3岁16例。包括中脑导水管狭窄导致非交通性脑积水5例,脑室内出血导致先天性脑     

可调压分流管治疗颅内静脉异常回流所致高颅压性脑积水

目的 探讨磁共振相位电影对比成像法在内镜下导水管成形术治疗导水管梗阻性脑积水的应用价值.方法 对23例诊断为导水管梗阻性脑积水的患者,术前常规采用磁共振相位电影对比法进一步确诊;手术采用电子软性神经内镜下导水管成形术,术中对导水管阻塞程度进行评估.术后1周及随访均采用磁共振相位电影对比法复查来测量导水管脑脊液流速流量以确定导水管是否开通.结果 23例术前磁共振相位电影对比法未见导水管脑脊液流动患者,术中见导水管完全闭塞或直径小于1 mm2;23例患者成形术均获成功,导水管扩张平均在4 mm左右,术后1周电影成像检查导水管平均流速为(4.74±1.77)cm/s,在随访期间,2例再次出现颅高压症状的患者,电影成像显示导水管未见脑脊液流动,二次内镜下探查见导水管重新闭塞.结论 磁共振相位电影对比法通过测量导水管内脑脊液流速流量来精确判断导水管开通情况,可以作为导水管梗阻性脑积水术前诊断及导水管成形术后疗效判断及随访的重要工具.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the application of phase-contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in endoscopic aqueductoplasty for patients with obstructive hydrocephalus. Methods The clinical diagnosis of hydrocephalus due to aqueduct obstruction in 23 patients was confirmed by phasecontrast cine MRI examination. The patients were treated with endoscopic aqueductoplasty. MRI was repeated during follow- up period. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow velocity in aqueduct was measured to determine whether the aqueduct was obstructed. Results The Results of phase -contrast cine MRI examinations indicated that there was no CSF flow in aqueduct in any patient. Aqueductoplasty was successfully performed in all patients. After one week, the Results of phase - contrast cine MRI examinations showed an average CSF flow velocity of (4.74 ± 1.77) cm/s. During follow - up period, intracranial hypertension recurred in two patients in whom CSF flow was not seen inside the aqueduct by phase - contrast cine MRI scan and the aqueduct re - occlusion was revealed by endoscopic exploration. Conclusions By measuring CSF flow velocity, phase - contrast cine MRI could accurately identify whether the aqueduct is obstructed. It should play an important role in the diagnosis of obstructive hydrocephalus and evaluation of theeffectiveness of aqueductoplasty, and it could be used for follow - up evaluation as well.     

导水管成形术后中脑导水管脑脊液动力学研究

目的利用磁共振相位对比电影成像法来探讨对导水管梗阻性脑积水患者行内窥镜下导水管成形术后脑脊液动力学变化情况。方法选用10名健康志愿者及21例成功进行神经内镜下导水管成形术的导水管梗阻性脑积水患者,利用磁共振相位对比电影成像法分别进行导水管流速测定,然后进行分组统计分析。结果以收缩期峰流速及到达峰值时间两个重要脑脊液循环动力学参数与健康志愿者进行统计学分析,t检验结果表明两者无统计学差异。结论内窥镜导水管成形术后导水管中脑脊液动力学与正常导水管脑脊液动力学相似,神经内镜下导水管成形术可以完全重建脑脊液正常生理循环。     

Application of phase-contrast cine gnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in endoscopic aqueductoplasty

<正>Objective To evaluate the application of phasecontrast cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in endoscopic aqueductoplasty for patients with obstructive hydrocephalus. Methods The clinical diagnosis of hydrocephalus due to aqueduct obstruction in 23 patients was confirmed by phase contrast cine MRI examination.     

原发性中枢神经系统血管炎一例报道及文献复习

患者女性,20岁,间歇性头痛3个月.于当地医院未经任何辅助检查予对症药物治疗,症状缓解.2007年12月6日再次头痛发作,伴喷射状呕吐.