空间病例对照研究理论方法进展与趋势展望

空间流行病学是流行病学的一门新兴交叉应用分支学科。空间流行病学遵循地理学第一定律和地理学第二定律,兼顾流行病学资料的空间自相关性和空间异质性等空间属性特征,常用于疾病制图、时空分布格局识别、聚集性探测、格局成因分析、流行风险溯源、传播路径追踪、时空预测预警模型、时空风险评估和卫生服务空间可及性评价等领域[1-4]。近年来,随着数据时空理念的渐进增强,时空数据获取可及性的稳步提升和时空统计分析方法的快速普及,以数据驱动和模型驱动为核心的空间流行病学实践应用方兴未艾。     

颅内后循环夹层动脉瘤的临床表现及影像学特点

目的：通过病例分析总结颅内后循环夹层动脉瘤的典型临床表现及影像学特点。方法：回顾分析1996－1999年收治的32例颅内后环非囊状动脉瘤患者的数字减影血管造影（DSA）主磁共振成像（MRI）表现,根据“珠线征”动脉假腔（“双腔征”）,内膜瓣等影像学表现诊断夹层动脉瘤,并分析其临床表现及影像学特点,结果：8例患者被诊断为夹层动脉瘤,蛛网膜下腔出血者3例,吞咽困难及偏瘫（Wallenberg综合征）者1例,头痛或颈后部痛者3例,1例无症状,此8例患者中有1例合并高血压,1例同时患血友病,DSA及MRI检查发现“珠线征”者6例,动脉假腔者4例,MRI发现1例动脉壁内血肿。结论：椎－基底动脉夹层动脉瘤症状轻重 一,单凭临床表现诊断较难,但其影像学表现较为典型,DSA及MRI中的“珠线征”,“双腔征”或内膜瓣为常见的影像学表现。     

迎接新世纪挑战 培养高层次人才

21世纪将是人类社会和科学技术高速发展的时代,同时也将是充满竞争和挑战的时代,世界各国的竞争归根到底表现为科技和人才的竞争,能否在竞争中立于不败之地,关键在于人才的数量和质量,因此,培养和造就面向21世纪的高层次人才显得更为迫切。研究生教育担负着为国家培养高层次人才的重任。面对世纪之交日益激烈的国际经济竞争和迅速发展的新技术革命的挑战,加快高层次人才培养的步伐,努力提高高层次人才培养的质量,以促进社会主义现代化建设,已经成为高等学校面临的重大课题。一、我校研究生教育面临的机遇党中央确定的科教兴国战略,是实现我…     

网络环境下图书馆管理的转变

随着计算机技术的发展,特别是一些图书馆管理系统软件的开发和商品化,大多数图书馆都实现了自动化管理。图书馆传统的内部业务工作、馆藏资源建设都被赋予了新的概念,使图书馆管理发生了变革。     

Chinese-made electrolytic detachable coil in the embolization of a dog aneurysmal model

Objective To develop a Chinese-made electrolytic detachable coil (CEDC) that would allow patients to enjoy the benefit of electrolytic detachable coil without having to rely on the expensive Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC), and to test the safety and efficiency of CEDC. Methods Radiopacity of the marker of the CEDC was tested. The anti-strain force of coils and connection points were measured. In vitro and in vivo electrolyses were conducted. We produced 21 aneurysm models including lateral, bifurcation, and terminal aneurysm models, and embolized 18 models with CEDC. Results Radiopacity of the marker was satisfactory. Anti-strain of the coil and the connection point have shown the safety and efficiency of CEDC. Electrolysis in vitro and vivo, was similar to that of GDC. 83% of the aneurysm models were completely occluded. Coils were found to induce thrombosis in the aneurysm cavity, and could lead to a new endothelium over the entrance of the aneurysm, with organized tissue replacing thrombosis in 2 months. Conclusions CEDC is as efficient and safe as GDC. The marker, the ability to induce thrombosis inside the sac and the growth of new endothelium over the orifice are very satisfactory.     

介入球囊闭塞椎动脉治疗后循环动脉瘤

由于解剖和生理特点,后循环系统动脉瘤,有一些表现为梭形囊状或宽颈动脉瘤,不管是外科手术还是血管内栓塞均无法将动脉瘤腔消除而保持载瘤动脉通畅.在球囊Mata试验成功后,闭塞载瘤动脉是一种便捷而有效的方法.我们对1996年4月～1998年8月间在收治的推-基底动脉瘤病人中的5例行球囊闭塞椎动脉治疗,现结合文献报告如下:     

显微手术夹闭结合血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的;分析总结我院近３年经开颅手术夹闭和血管血栓塞治疗脉治疗结果。方法：统计近 科的颅内动脉患者２５例临床资料、治疗方式及结果,其中前循环动脉瘤２０例,后循环动脉瘤５例：结果：２５例患者中,手术夹闭１３例,栓塞１２例,人败改为手术夹闭者５全民２例,栓塞后偏瘫失语者２例。结论：颅仙动脉瘤治疗宜着选手术夹闭,栓塞可作为手术的补充,用于手术难以达到或不能耐受手术者。     

东明县社区卫生服务试点的做法与体会

目的探索切合农村实际的社区卫生服务发展途径与模式。方法对东明县社区卫生服务试点的运作情况,取得的成效进行总结。结果试点的运作情况良好,切合农村实际,镇卫生工作发生了可喜变化,显示了全科医疗强大的生命力。结论该试点的做法与经验在农村具有推广价值,在推广中应解决社区卫生服务人员整体素质不高、培训不足、服务网点布局不够合理等问题。     

被误用的词语

."空穴来风"这个成语出自战国·楚·宋玉《风赋》："臣闻于师,积句来巢,空穴来风"空穴来风"指有洞穴才会进来风。比喻传言并非毫无起因。穴：孔,洞。然而有些人并未搞清其真正内涵,望文生义,错用了它。例如："周文的'末日'说,当然不是空穴来风,它是幼年代末以来随着市场经济的兴起,知识精英们（包括诗人）逐渐丧失了对主体话语的垄断地位,日益走向边缘的无奈感与焦灼感在诗坛的反映......末日说的重要依据,是......"。稍加分析,就可看出,作者误解了"空穴来风"的含义,将它理解为"无中生有"或'望风捕影"了。中央电视台在1997年…     

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF OVARIAN SEROUS TUMORS OF BORDERLINE MALIGNANCY

During 1948-1976, 363 cases of ovarian serous tumor were encountered in the hospital. Among them, 58 cases were pathologically compatible with the criteria of this tumor of borderline ma- lignancy proposed by the WHO classification. The purp8se of this paper is threefold: 1. To study the c!inical behavior and mode of de- velopment of pathologically documented bordcr- line malignant serous ovarian tumors. 2. To compare the difference between benign, border- line malignant and malignant serous tumors. 3. To assess the value of making such a "borderline malignant" subgroup.