临床药理中的立体对映体

生物大分子的有序不对称性使它们能区别象氨基酸和糖这样的单体化合物的光学异构体,而药物的药理活性常与一种异构体有关,但许多药物仍以外消旋体的型式应用。本文从药物动力学和药效学的观点出发,论述了临床常用的外消旋药物及其对映体的临床药理,并指出合理调控药物对映体的比值或单独选用一种活性对映体对减少毒副作用和提高临床治疗效果的重要意义。药物对映体活性的药效动力学差异采用组织灌流技术和在整体动物比较了一系列药物对映体(Enantiomers)的生物活性的大量报道均证明;药物与组织细胞成分间的相互作用具有立体选择性的特性。例如,肾上腺     

2%碳酸氢钠用于烧伤患者口腔护理的效果观察

对于烧伤患者,笔者用2%碳酸氢钠溶液进行口腔护理,观察其消除口腔异味,预防口腔炎症的作用,现将结果报告如下. 1 临床资料 选择2006年4月至2009年4月104例中度至重度烧伤患者,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组52例.     

眩晕症的预防及护理

眩晕是目眩和头晕的总称，以眼花、视物不清和昏暗发黑为眩，以视物旋转，或天旋地转视物旋转为晕，因两者常同时并见，故称眩晕。     

流行性乙型脑炎特异性IgM(ELISA)诊断试剂盒的改进和应用

流行性乙型脑炎夏秋季发病 ,与中毒性痢疾等其他脑部疾患易相混 ,仅靠临床症状诊断 ,可靠性差 ,易延误治疗 ,造成后患。因此 ,我们改进了乙型脑炎特异性IgM诊断试剂盒 ,缩短时间 ,当天抽血 10 0min内即可出报告 ,在短时间内 ,为临床提供可靠依据。     

升主动脉成形术中期效果分析

Objective Reduction ascending aortoplasty is an alternative procdure to the replacement of the ascending aorts in case of ascending aorta dilation. However,its applicabikity is still under debate.This retrospective study was designed to evaluuate the midterm follow-up of unsupported ascending reduction aortoplasty for of the ascending aorta in petients with aortic valve dis- ease.Methods From October ,1996 to April,2007, a total of 54 patients with aortic valve disease and dilatation of the ascending aorta underwent unsupported reduction aortoplasty in combination with aortic valve replacement at our institution The diameter of the ascending aorta was measyred before and early after sugery and then later between 13 and 96 menths [mean (23 ±16)months] posto- perativeiy using echocardiography.Results Two patients were dead with thean overall perioperative mortality rate was of 3.7%. The reduction aortoplasty decreased the diameter of the aorta from (45.77±6.02) mm p～eope～afive]y to (34.67 ～4.81) mm early after surgery (P<0.01). During follow-up, the diameter d aorta increased from (34.67±4.81) mm early after surgery to (37.65± 6.35) mm after a mean follow-up of (23±16) months (P<0.01), including the diameters are greater than > 45 mm within 5 pa- tients. Aortic stenosis and an early postoperative diameter greater than 40 mm m'e independent risk factors for redilatation. Conchusion Because of the unsatisfied midterm follow-up redilation of unsupported reduction aortoplasty for dilation of the ascending aorta with aortic valve disease, this group of patients needs continued intimate fallow-up or even reoperation. The patients of stenosis is the surtable indication for RAA, and it is necessary to reduce the diameter of aorta to be lees than 40 mm to prevent redilation.     

中生冻干复合定值质控血清对SLD938离子分析仪干扰探讨

中生复合定值质控血清是由北京中生生物工程高技术公司生产，它以项目多、质量稳、价格低等优点已被大多数医院检验科使用。我们用SLD938离子分析仪测定K、Na、Cl时发现中生公司生产的定值质控血清测得Cl结果却明显高于定值，现将具体情况简述如下。一、材料和方法1·仪器SLD93     

带状疱疹早期诊断的体会

带状疱疹为常见病、多发病,典型病例不难诊断,但在疾病早期或临床表现不典型常可导致误诊。1991～1992年,我们诊治7例带状疱疹患者,早期均被误诊。现报道如下。 1 临床资料 年龄 性别 主要表现 初诊诊断 出疹部位 34 男 发热,乏力,感冒,病毒性 右肋部纳差, 右肋部 肝炎 疼痛 69 男 头痛,全身乏力 脑血管痉挛,右侧额顶部 脑动脉硬化