基于多尺度特征融合与反向注意力的COVID-19病灶分割

针对新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）分割问题中感染区域具有高变异性以及病灶与背景对比度低等问题,提出一种基于多尺度特征融合与反向注意力的COVID-19感染分割网络。首先,利用残差网络作为主干网络进行特征提取,并使用全局上下文聚合策略对不同层次特征进行融合得到粗略的分割结果;其次,在网络瓶颈处添加多尺度特征融合模块,利用空洞卷积与多核池化增强网络分割不同尺度病变的能力;最后,设计一种级联结构的反向注意力模块,利用互补区域的细节特征增强背景与目标的对比度。本文方法在COVID-19 CT分割测试集上的准确率、特异性、灵敏度分别达到0.714、0.700和0.958,误检和漏检区域明显减少,细小病灶的分割能力显著提升。     

一起食用伪劣酱油引起食物中毒的动物实验报告

１９９７年７月吉林市永吉县河湾子镇三个自然屯有８０多人因食用伪劣酱油发生中毒,发病人年龄不等,死亡一人。主要症状：烦躁,抽搐,口吐白沫,乏力,血压６—８ＫＰａ,呈休克状态,一段时间后恢复正常。我们对屯中一家酱油房私自生产出售的酱油取样,同时对食用这家...     

血小板源性生长因子对于培养内皮细胞血管内皮细胞生长因子水平的影响

通过免疫组织化学的方法,观察血小板源性生长因子（PDGF）对于培养脐静脉内皮细胞血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）水平的影响,揭示PDGF促进新生血管形成的机制。实验结果：缺氧培养时内皮细胞胞浆VEGF水平上升;不同剂量的PDGF在常规或缺氧培养条件下均能增加内皮细胞VEGF水平,且呈剂量依赖性,提示PDGF可能通过直接促血管形成生长因子的介导作用间接促进新生血管的形成。     

大鼠双下肢自身血液灌流法

为观察骨骼肌血管的紧张性活动,本室曾使用过离体标本［１］,但离体标本不宜于观察神经系统,尤其是中枢神经系统对血管紧张性的影响。本模型即为观察延髓腹面升压区（ＶＳＭｐ）对骨骼肌血管紧张性支配而研制的。１材料与方法１．１材料Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠１０只,３００...     

泪囊、筛窦、鼻腔粘膜吻合术

慢性泪囊炎是眼科的常见病,在繁多的疗法中,当以泪囊、鼻腔粘膜吻合术疗效最佳,但仍有2－15％手术失败。我们经多年探索、改进,从筛骨纸板处打口,计放筛窦,继而完成泪囊、鼻腔粘膜吻合术,使该手术简单易行,提高了手术成功率。作者自1995年3月至1997年12月,共做此种手术35例（暂定名为泪囊、筛窦鼻腔粘膜吻合术）,全部成功,特予以介绍。在35例中,男2例,女33例。年龄最小20岁,最大62岁。右侧6冽,左侧万例,双例4例。术前全部病例均有溢泪或溢脓史,冲洗泪道不畅。病程最短1牛,最长13年。手术方法：麻醉同泪囊摘除术,患侧鼻腔…     

Impact of the environment on reproductive health

The WHO workshop on the impact of the environment on reproductive health is summarized. Topics include the nature of environmental factors affecting reproductive health, environmental factors blamed for declining sperm quantity and quality, the effects of natural and man-made disasters on reproductive health, chemical pollutants, how the environment damages reproductive health, and research needs for better research methodologies and surveillance data. Recommendations are made to: 1) promote international research collaboration with an emphasis on consistency of methodological approaches for assessing developmental and reproductive toxicity, on development of improved surveillance systems and data bases, an strengthening international disaster alert and evaluation systems; 2) promote research capabilities for multidisciplinary studies, for interactive studies of the environment and cellular processes, and for expansion of training and education; and 3) take action on priority problems of exposure to chemical, physical, and biological agents, of exposure to pesticides among specific populations, and of inadequate screening methods for identification of environmental chemicals. The costs of environmental injury to reproduction include subfertility, intrauterine growth retardation, spontaneous abortion, and various birth defects. Developed country's primary threats are from chemical pollution, radiation, and stress. There is a large gap in knowledge. Caution is urged in understanding the direct relationship between environmental causes and infertility. Sexual health is difficult to assess and research is suggested. Exposure to excessive vitamin A and toxic chemicals are cited as agents probably having serious effects on malformations. Sperm quality has declined over the decades; there is speculation about the potential causes. The effects of radiation such as at Chernobyl are described. Toxic chemical exposure such as in Bhopal, India killed thousands. Neurological damage is reported for fetuses and infants exposed to methyl mercury. There is the beginning of evidence that complications of pregnancy may be related to pollution levels surrounding industrial plants. Reproductive health is affected through chromosome damage and cell destruction, prenatal death, altered growth, fetal abnormalities, postnatal death, functional learning deficits, and premature aging.     

浅谈中西药配伍禁忌

如今 ,中西药联用治疗疾病已为临床广泛采用。联合用药大多提高了疗效 ,减少了药物的用量和毒副作用 ,但因配伍不当以致降低疗效或增加毒副作用的现象也时有发生。本文拟就临床上常见的中西药配伍不合理现象作一分析。1形成难溶性物质 ,影响吸收 ,降低疗效1 1含金属元素钙、镁、铝等矿物性成分的中成药 ,不宜与四环素类、大环内酯类抗生素同服 ,因为多价金属离子能与四环素类等药物分子内的酰胺基和酚羟基结合 ,生成在肠道内难以吸收的络合物 ,从而降低生物利用度 ,使疗效降低。含钙的中药有石膏、海螵蛸、石决明、龙骨、龙齿、牡蛎、蛤壳、…     

经腰穿释放脑脊液治疗蛛网膜下腔出血疗效观察

我院自 1991～ 2 0 0 1年 ,经腰穿释放脑脊液治疗蛛网膜下腔出血 ,取得较满意的效果。现报告如下。1　资料与方法1 1　一般资料　治疗组 35例 ,男 2 8例 ,女 7例 ,平均年龄5 1 8± 9 6岁。均为首次发病 ,于 3d内经腰穿和CT确诊为蛛网膜下腔出血 ,并排除血液病及肿瘤等其他继发性因素。对照组 35例为以往传统治疗方法 ,即 1次确诊后不再腰穿。入院时病情按Hunt和Hess分级标准 ,两组间经 χ2检验差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。1 2　治疗方法　治疗组入院后 ,即按常规进行腰穿 ,严格无菌操作 ,如眼底检查视乳头水肿和头痛明显高颅压者 ,先静…     

Study on Metabolites of Aconitum Alkaloids in Human Urine

TheaconitebelongstoplantsofgenusAconituminfamilyofRanunculaceaandhavenotableclinicalfunctionsintreatingrheumaticarthritis ,heartfailure ,etc .However,accidentsofaconitine(fromaconite)poisoningfrequentlyoccurtomanypeopletakingtheseherbs .Theplantsofthisfamilycontainaconitine ,mesaconitine ,hypaconitineandotheraco nitumalkaloids .Theyarehighlytoxic ,andtheirtreatmentdoseapproachestothetoxicdoseorlethaldose .Duringtheperiodfrom 1989- 1995 ,morethan 30casesofpoisoningcausedbyaconitineinsometradit…