不同浓度尼古丁对种植体骨愈合的影响

目的：探讨不同浓度的尼古丁干预,对种植体周围骨组织的愈合情况和骨保护素（OPG）及骨形成蛋白2（BMP-2）表达情况的影响。方法：选取24只3月龄SD大鼠,雌雄不限,随机数表法分为实验组和对照组,尔后分别采用不同浓度（2mg/kg、0.2mg/kg、0.02mg/kg）的尼古丁和等量生理盐水干预,每天2次背部皮下注射。2周后,大鼠左右胫骨近骺端均植入表面喷砂蚀刻处理的钛合金种植体,并继续施加干预因素。种植后第2、4周分别行X线、 CT、电镜观察和qRT-PCR检测。采用SPSS17.0软件对数据进行单因素方差分析（One-Way ANO-VA test）,组内比较行t检验。结果： X线灰度值显示,除高浓度尼古丁组（HDN）与对照组存在差异（P＜0.05）外,各组组间差异不明显。 CT-BMD值观察,在高浓度或长期尼古丁刺激下种植体周围骨组织矿化程度明显低于对照组,且实验各组差异明显（P＜0.05）。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,2周时随着尼古丁干预浓度的增加,种植体周围基因表达量逐渐降低,且与对照组差异明显（P＜0.05）,仅低尼古丁浓度（LDN）组与对照组中的BMP-2的表达无明显差异（1/0.93＆#177;0.17, P＞0.05）;实验第4周,各尼古丁组的基因表达量均出现下调（P＜0.05）。扫描电镜（SEM）观察发现,随着尼古丁浓度和干预时间的增加,骨小梁结构发生改建障碍,多呈纤维骨或编织骨,骨基质分布不均匀且纤维结构排列紊乱无定向。结论：尼古丁对种植体周围骨愈合的抑制作用可能与其下调相关骨活性基因的表达关系密切,且抑制作用受尼古丁干预时间和浓度的影响明显。     

种植义齿缓冲单元材料特性对缓冲效果的影响

目的：探究动态载荷作用下种植义齿缓冲单元不同的材料特性对应力吸收效果的影响。方法：在传统种植体与基台之间设计硅橡胶缓冲单元,利用abaqus有限元分析软件建立三维有限元模型,分别赋予缓冲单元材料不同弹性模量值,分析比较动态载荷作用下种植体-骨界面的应力分布。结果：缓冲材料弹性模量不同,种植体-骨界面的应力分布不同,弹性模量值在10~23MPa范围内时缓冲效果较好。结论：带有缓冲单元的新型种植体系统可减小皮质骨内的应力峰值,并且材料的弹性模量对缓冲效果有影响,在一定范围内,材料的弹性模量越小,缓冲效果越好。     

放射性颌骨坏死的术式选择及疗效评价

目的：探讨经济有效的治疗放射性颌骨坏死（RONJ）的手术方式。方法77例RONJ根据颌骨坏死的范围、软组织条件选择不同治疗方式。方案1：骨坏死范围局限,牙龈及周围软组织无明显炎症的采用局部刮治或方块切除术;方案2：骨坏死范围较大、周围软组织炎症明显和（或）伴有明显纤维化的病例在控制炎症后,扩大切除同时行血管化游离复合组织瓣修复。结果21例采用方案1,其中15例一期愈合、6例行二次刮治或方块切除;56例采用方案2,其中软组织条件较好的30例,22例一期愈合,5例延期愈合,3例发生骨组织瓣血管危象,经探查和再吻合后1例正常愈合,2例仍发生组织瓣坏死;软组织炎症明显或伴有局部组织明显纤维化26例中,7例出现骨组织瓣血管危象,探查和再吻合后5例正常,2例出现骨坏死,9例一期愈合,15例局部出现不同程度软组织感染坏死,延期愈合。结论局限性放射性颌骨坏死可采用刮治或方块切除;骨坏死范围较大、软组织条件较好的采用血管化游离组织瓣进行修复;软组织纤维化明显的失败率较高,临床使用时应综合多方因素考虑。     

7.2%高渗羟乙基淀粉(200/0.5)氯化钠注射液对神经外科手术患者术中血流动力学的影响

目的探讨7.2%高渗羟乙基淀粉(200/0.5)氯化钠注射液(HS-HES)对神经外科手术患者血流动力学的影响。方法选择神经外科择期胶质瘤手术患者24例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ,随机分为HS-HES组(n=14)和羟乙基淀粉(HES)组(n=10)。HS-HES组以500ml/h的速度给予HS-HES 250ml,HES组以1 000ml/h的速度输入HES 1 000ml扩容。记录输注前即刻(T0)、输注后30min(T1)、60min(T2)、70min(T3)、120min(T4)和180min(T5)HR、MAP、CVP、CO、每搏输出量(SV)和每搏变异度(SVV)。结果与T0时比较,T2～T5时两组HR明显增快(P0.05),T3～T5时两组MAP明显降低(P0.05),T1～T4时两组CVP明显升高、CO、SV明显增加,T1～T5时SVV明显降低(P0.05)。不同时点两组HR、MAP、CVP、CO、SV和SVV差异均无统计学意义。结论 HS-HES具有良好的血流动力学调节效应,为神经外科手术患者术中液体管理提供了一个新的选择。     

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??The clinical applicaion analysis of taken radiofrequency assisted partial splenectomy operations on patients with benign splenic space-occupying lesions XIAO Chang-wu*??QIU Rong??ZHANG Wei??LI Ning. *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery??Suining Central Hospital??Suining 629000??China
Corresponding author??ZHANG Wei??E-mail??zw68229@sina.com
Abstract Objective To assess the feasibility??safty and clinical practicalty value of taken radiofrequency assisted partial splenectomy operations on patients with benign splenic space-occupying lesions. Methods The clinical data of 21 cases of taken radiofrequency assisted partial splenectomy operations on patients with benign splenic space-occupying lesions from September 2010 to February 2012 were retrospectively analyzed in Suining Central Hospital. These patients were the follows??Splenic non parasitic cysts in 11 cases??splenic hemangioma in 3 cases??splenic hematoma 5 cases??splenic epidermoid cyst in 1 cases??splenic abscess in 1 cases respectively. Results All of operations were completed smoothly??The average operative time was ??67.0±17.5??min and the average of intraoperative blood was ??55.7±10.3??ml. Patients in this group had a transient increase of temperature??but the conventional treatment or observation decreased to normal level a few days later. The complication rate in this group was 9.5% (2/21)??which 1 case of left pleural effusion??1 cases of splenic fossa effusion was observed after a few days??self absorption. The average duration of hospitalization was ??10.0±3.5??d. All patients were followed up and the period of following-up were 1~24 months. During hospitalization and follow-up??no serious complications such as bleeding, abdominal abscess, and thrombosis occurred. No overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI) occurred??immunological examination showed normal spleen function in All patients. Conclusion Taken radiofrequency assisted partial splenectomy operations on patients with benign splenic space-occupying lesions is feasible??safe and practical which should be developed extensively in clinic.