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目的总结大型、巨大型岩斜区脑膜瘤的诊治与显微外科手术切除经验。方法回顾性分析16例大型、巨大型岩斜区脑膜瘤病人的临床资料,肿瘤最大径3.0~8.2cm,病灶主体均位于岩斜区,采用显微外科手术切除肿瘤,其中颞下经小脑幕-岩尖入路9例,枕下乙状窦后入路3例,乙状窦前入路1例,幕上、下联合入路3例。结果脑膜瘤切除程度:SimpsonⅠ级切除5例,Ⅱ级切除1例,Ⅲ级切除1例,Ⅳ级切除9例。术后并发脑脊液耳漏2例,脑积水2例,癫1例,死亡1例。结论根据脑膜瘤大小、累及区域选择不同显微手术入路,术者应追求恰当的手术疗效/风险比值,而不是仅切除肿瘤,以免病人发生术后功能缺失,造成不良后果。 相似文献
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CT扫描动态观察急性外伤性颅内血肿 总被引:24,自引:3,他引:21
颅脑外伤后颅内的异常改变往往并非固定不变,一次CT扫描并不能反映其动态变化。动态的CT扫描观察不仅能发现颅内血肿的有无、大小、部位,而且对指导治疗,判断预后均有十分重要的意义。本文收集我科3次以上CT扫描的急性外伤性颅内血肿(ATICH)116例患者临床资料,现总结报告如下。 相似文献
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目的探讨皮层脑电图监测下儿童继发性癫痫的手术治疗效果。方法124例继发性癫痫患儿,术中通过皮层脑电图定位癫痫灶,显微手术切除原发病变后,再根据癫痫发作的临床表现、病灶部位及皮层脑电图监测所提示的异常脑电图波释放决定是否进行致痫灶切除、扩大致痫灶切除、皮层热灼术、前颞叶切除术、海马杏仁核切除术及胼胝体前部切开术。术后规范应用抗癫痫药物。结果124例患儿切除病变前皮层脑电图均可记录到癫痫波,原发病变切除后即时皮层脑电图监测病变周围可记录到异常癫痫波112例,检出率为90.32%。其中38例致痫波发放区域位于非功能区者该范围内皮层予以完全切除,术后即时皮层脑电图提示癫痫波消失;74例位于或毗邻重要功能区者,采用低功率热灼该处皮层后,69例癫痫波消失,5例患者经联合胼胝体前部切开和(或)海马、杏仁核切除,术后即时皮层脑电图监测效果满意。术后随访18个月至6年,按Engle标准评定疗效:Ⅰ级87例(68.50%),Ⅱ级30例(24.19%),Ⅲ级5例(4.03%),Ⅳ级2例(1.61%);手术总有效率为94.35%。89例患者停止服用抗癫痫药物满1年且无癫痫发作;24例患者低剂量维持;11例患者停药后癫痫复发再次服用初始量,发作频率较术前明显减少。结论皮层脑电图监测下,不同术式应用可明显提高儿童继发性癫痫手术治疗的效果。 相似文献
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基层医院治疗高血压脑出血的现状分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着我国人民的物质生活水平的提高和老龄化社会的到来,高血压脑出血的发病率日益上升,高达50.6 ~80.7/10万[1],且病死率和病残率均很高,为我国人口死亡的三大主要疾病之一.众所周知,我国是一个农业人口大国,农村居民占80.0%左右,大部分高血压脑出血患者就治于县级基层医院.发病后有相当数量的病例需手术治疗[2-4].换言之,大量的手术是由基层医院的医生来进行,“十二五”期间新型合作医疗覆盖更广泛,患者所支付的费用更少,到基层医院就诊的患者必将大增.然而,这些医院医疗设施相对落后,手术器械不够先进齐全,专业技术人员缺乏,手术操作技术不够精湛等原因,患者预后往往不佳.因此,必须提高基层医院高血压脑出血的救治水平,保障人民健康. 相似文献
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目的 探讨术中皮层脑电图(ECoG)监测下继发性癫痫的手术治疗效果.方法 选择自2004年9月至2008年1月贵州省人民医院收治的84例继发性癫痫患者行手术治疗,术中通过ECoG定位癫痫灶,显微手术切除原发病变,再根据癫痫发作的临床表现、病灶部位及ECoG监测所提示的异常脑电图波释放情况决定是否进行致痫灶切除及扩大致痫灶切除术,皮层热灼术,前颞叶切除术,海马、杏仁核切除术,胼胝体前部切开术.结果 84例患者切除病变前ECoG均可记录到癫痫波,原发病变切除后即时ECoG监测病变周围可记录到异常癫痫波80例,检出率为95.24%.其中13例致痫波发放区域位于非功能区者对该范围内皮层予以完全切除,术后即时ECoG提示癫痫波消失.67例位于或毗邻重要功能区者,采用低功率热灼该处皮层后,60例癫痫波消失.7例患者经联合胼胝体前部切开和(或)海马、杏仁核切除,术后即时ECoG监测效果满意.术后随访10个月~4年,按Engle标准评定疗效:Ⅰ级56例(66.67%),Ⅱ级21例(25.00%),Ⅲ级4例(4.76%),Ⅳ级3例(3.57%);手术总有效率为96.42%.结论 ECoG监测可明显提高手术治疗继发性癫痫的效果.Abstract: Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of surgical management on patients with secondary epilepsy under the monitoring of cortical electrocorticography (ECoG). Methods Eighty-four patients with secondary epilepsy, admitted to our hospital from September 2004 to January 2008, were chosen; intraoperative ECoG monitoring was performed to locate the epileptic foci before the resection of the primary lesion. After the resection of primary lesion, resection of epileptic foci, enlarged resection of epileptic foci, cortical thermocoagulation, anterior temporal lobectomy,amygdalohippocampectomy and anterior callosotomy were performed, respectively, in different patients according to the clinical manifestations of seizures, and the locations of lesions and epileptic waveform discharges detected by intraoperative ECoG monitoring. Results The epileptic waveform discharges in 84 patients were noted before the resection of primary lesion. The epileptic waves were found in 80patients at the peripheral areas of the primary nidus under immediately postoperative ECoG monitoring,with a relevance ratio reaching 95.24%; after the resection of residual cortical zone with epileptic wave discharges, epileptic wave disappeared on immediately postoperative ECoG in 13 patients whose lesion located in nonfunctional area; normal signals were noted in 60 of the 67 patients performed cortical thermocoagulation whose cortical zone with epileptic wave discharges were located or neighbored in functional area, and good outcomes under the immediately postoperative ECoG monitoring were noted in the other 7 patients performed thermocoagulation combined with anterior callosotomy and/or amygdalohippocampectomy. The follow-up studies for 10 months to 4 years showed that grade Ⅰ in 56patients (66.67%), grade Ⅱ in 21 (25.00%), grade Ⅲ in 4 (4.76%) and grade Ⅳ in 3 (3.57%) according to the Engle standard of curative effect were achieved; the total effective rate was 96. 42%. Conclusion ECoG monitoring can significantly improve the efficiency of surgical management of secondary epilepsy. 相似文献
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第三脑室病变的显微外科治疗 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨第三脑室病变的外科治疗方法、技巧及效果.方法 回顾性分析15例第三脑室病变患者临床资料,其中经胼胝体入路11例,经额叶皮质-室间孔入路2例,经终板入路2例;术后5例行放疗,2例行化疗,1例行脑室腹腔分流术.结果全切8例.次全切5例.部分切除2例.术后脑积水均已解除,1例术后死亡;随访3~12月,14例患者基本恢复正常学习、工作.结论 合理的手术入路及熟练的手术技巧是提高切除率和改善预后的关键,辅以适当的术后放化疗有助于改善患者的预后. 相似文献