Survivin蛋白在翼状胬肉组织中的表达及其意义

目的探讨Survivin蛋白在原发性和复发性翼状胬肉组织中的表达及其对细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法采用免疫组化法检测40例翼状胬肉（原发性翼状胬肉25例,复发性翼状胬肉15例）和20例正常结膜组织中Survivin蛋白及增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的表达,观察原发性翼状胬肉、复发性翼状胬肉、正常结膜组织中细胞增殖指数（PI,PCNA标记指数）的差别及其与Survivin蛋白表达的关系。结果 （1）原发性翼状胬肉和复发性翼状胬肉组织中的Survivin蛋白阳性表达率均明显高于正常结膜组织（均P〈0.01）,而原发性翼状胬肉和复发性翼状胬肉之间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。（2）原发性翼状胬肉和复发性翼状胬肉组织中PI值均明显高于正常结膜组织（均P〈0.01）,但原发性和复发性翼状胬肉之间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。（3）Survivin蛋白表达阳性的胬肉组织中PI值较Survivin蛋白表达阴性的胬肉组织中高（P〈0.01）。结论翼状胬肉的发生发展可能与Sur-vivin蛋白的异常表达引起细胞增殖和凋亡失衡有关。     

上海市江宁街道20岁及以上人群干眼的流行病学调查

目的 探讨上海市江宁街道20岁及以上人群干眼的患病率及相关危险因素.方法 横断面研究方法.2008年9月至2009年1月期间,上海交通大学附属第一人民医院在江宁街道单纯随机抽取6个居委会作为调查点,对21102人≥20岁人群整群随机抽样,抽取调查对象1266人.所有受检者均接受干眼症状、体征及眼表疾病指数问卷调查.依据目前公认的国内干眼诊断标准进行诊断,采用t检验、卡方检验、One-Way-ANOVA方差分析法、Logistic回归分析法对数据结果进行统计分析.结果 共计1085人进入本次研究,应答率为85.70%.诊断为干眼的有326例,患病率为30.05%,其中男性患病率为24.11%,女性患病率为33.78%,女性高于男性(χ2=11.46,P<0.01).≥50岁人群干眼的患病率明显升高(χ2=94.50,P<0.01).随年龄增大泪液分泌实验、泪膜破裂时间表现为下降趋势,荧光素染色评分、睑板腺功能障碍的分级卜升.干眼患者的眼表疾病指数评分均高于无干眼者.与干眼相关的因素有性别、年龄、配戴角膜接触镜、长期滴用眼液及服用抗过敏药物.结论 在人群中,女性干眼患病率高于男性,随年龄增大干眼的患病率升高,其相关因素有性别、年龄、配戴角膜接触镜、长期滴用眼液及服用抗过敏药物.     

上海市江宁街道20岁及以上人群干眼的流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dry eye in populations equal or over 20 years old in Jiangning District, Shanghai, China. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. From September 2008 to January 2009, 6 small districts including 21 102 people of Jiangning District were randomly selected as survey venues by Department of Ophthalmology in First People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University. Then, 1266 people as the selected residents were enrolled, which was figured out through the random cluster sampling procedure. Every participant completed dry eye questionnaire, the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and a series of examination including slit-lamp microscope, tear-film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test, and fluorescein staining of the cornea (F1). The diagnosis of dry eye was referred to the well-accepted domestic diagnostic criteria. The SPSS11.0 software was used to analyze the database, t test,χ2 test, one-way-ANOVA and Logistic regression were used for analysis. Results One thousand and eighty five residents finally took part in this study, and the inclusion ratio was 85.70%. Three hundred and twenty six individuals, including 101 men and 225 women, were diagnosed as dry eye, and the prevalence rate was 30.05%. The prevalence of dry eye in the female (33.78%) was higher than that of the male (24.11%) (χ2=11.46, P<0.01). The prevalence of dry eye in people over 50 years old was higher than that under 50 years (χ2=94.50, P<0.01). The figure of Schirmer Ⅰ test and BUT decreased in elder people, at the same time the scores of F1 and MGD increased. Meanwhile, the score of OSDI in dry eye patients was significantly higher than that in non-dry eye individuals. The relative risk factors of dry eye were gender, age, wearing contact lens, long-time using of eye solutions, taking anti-allergy drugs. Conclusions The prevalence of dry eye in female is higher than that in the male. And the prevalence of dry eye increases following the aging process. Relative risk factors of dry eye are gender, age, wearing contact lens, long-time using of eye solutions, taking anti-allergy drugs.     

甲基莲心碱通过肝X受体α对ApoE-/-小鼠肝脏脂肪变性的干预作用

目的 研究甲基莲心碱对ApoE^-/-小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝的干预作用及其分子机制。方法 以C57BL/6小鼠作为空白对照组给予正常饲料喂养,另将ApoE^-/-小鼠随机分成模型组,复方蛋氨酸胆碱溶液组（0.4 g·kg^-1·d^-1）,甲基莲心碱高（8.0 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）、低剂量组（4.0 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）,每组10只,给予高脂饲料喂养10周。采用HE与油红O染色法观察肝脏病理学变化,透射电镜观察肝细胞超微结构变化,测定血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）含量,检测肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性,丙二醛（MDA）、总胆固醇（TC）和甘油三酯（TG）含量,以及肝X受体α（LXR-α）蛋白及其下游靶基因胆固醇调节元件结合蛋白1c、脂肪酸合成酶、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶和硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶-1（SCD-1） mRNA表达水平。结果 病理染色显示甲基莲心碱可明显抑制肝脏脂肪变性,降低小鼠血清中ALT、AST含量,肝脏中MDA和脂质水平（P < 0.05）,升高肝脏中SOD、GSH-Px活性;此外,甲基莲心碱可显著抑制LXR-α及其下游靶基因的表达（P < 0.05）。结论 甲基莲心碱可有效干预ApoE^-/-小鼠肝脏脂肪变性,其机制可能与减轻氧化应激、抑制LXR-α表达和转录活性有关。     

藤黄酸对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7细胞端粒酶活性及其逆转录酶hTERT mRNA表达的抑制作用研究

目的研究藤黄酸对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7端粒酶活性和端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)mRNA表达及其转录调控基因C-myc的影响,以探讨藤黄酸对人乳腺癌细胞端粒酶活性的调控机制。方法藤黄酸作用于人乳腺癌细胞24h、48h、72h后,收集细胞,四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法检测MCF-7细胞生长抑制率,同时采用PCR-ELISA法检测端粒酶活性、RT-PCR法检测hTERT mRNA的表达、Western blot技术检测C-myc蛋白的表达。结果藤黄酸能明显抑制人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7生长和增埴,对端粒酶活性、hTERT mRNA及转录调控基因C-myc的表达具有抑制作用,并呈明显的时效和量效相关性。结论藤黄酸能够明显抑制人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖,其机制可能是对MCF-7细胞的端粒酶活性及其端粒酶转录调控基因C-myc有较好的抑制作用,提示藤黄酸有可能成为高效低毒的抗肿瘤天然药物。     

紫外分光光度法测定奥硝唑片的含量

建立紫外分光光度法测定奥硝唑片中奥硝唑含量的方法.采用紫外分光光度法,检测波长277 nm.奥硝唑的线性范围为5～30μg/ml,r＝0.9999,平均回收率为99.3%,RSD为0.5%.该方法操作简便,结果准确.     

消旋山莨菪碱滴眼液在干眼治疗中的临床应用分析

目的:评价0.05%消旋山莨菪碱滴眼液对干眼治疗的临床疗效.方法:选取2009年5月～2010年1月共65例(130眼)干眼患者.使用0.05%消旋山莨菪碱滴眼液每天两次,连续8周.采用SPSS13.0 统计软件对其使用前后不适症状(异物感、烧灼感、畏光、视久模糊、眼痛)及两项体征(角膜荧光素染色(FL)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT))的变化进行处理.统计第0、2、5、8周每只眼每次检查的综合计分.结果:第2、5、8周时FL及BUT与治疗前比,差值均有统计学意义(P< 0.05).干眼患者的综合分平均值在第0、2、5及8周逐渐递减,分别是:11.9、8.6、5.9、4.2.与用药前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:0.05%消旋山莨菪碱滴眼液对干眼的不适症状及相关体征具有良好的改善作用.     

上海市江宁街道20岁及以上人群干眼的流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dry eye in populations equal or over 20 years old in Jiangning District, Shanghai, China. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. From September 2008 to January 2009, 6 small districts including 21 102 people of Jiangning District were randomly selected as survey venues by Department of Ophthalmology in First People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University. Then, 1266 people as the selected residents were enrolled, which was figured out through the random cluster sampling procedure. Every participant completed dry eye questionnaire, the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and a series of examination including slit-lamp microscope, tear-film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test, and fluorescein staining of the cornea (F1). The diagnosis of dry eye was referred to the well-accepted domestic diagnostic criteria. The SPSS11.0 software was used to analyze the database, t test,χ2 test, one-way-ANOVA and Logistic regression were used for analysis. Results One thousand and eighty five residents finally took part in this study, and the inclusion ratio was 85.70%. Three hundred and twenty six individuals, including 101 men and 225 women, were diagnosed as dry eye, and the prevalence rate was 30.05%. The prevalence of dry eye in the female (33.78%) was higher than that of the male (24.11%) (χ2=11.46, P<0.01). The prevalence of dry eye in people over 50 years old was higher than that under 50 years (χ2=94.50, P<0.01). The figure of Schirmer Ⅰ test and BUT decreased in elder people, at the same time the scores of F1 and MGD increased. Meanwhile, the score of OSDI in dry eye patients was significantly higher than that in non-dry eye individuals. The relative risk factors of dry eye were gender, age, wearing contact lens, long-time using of eye solutions, taking anti-allergy drugs. Conclusions The prevalence of dry eye in female is higher than that in the male. And the prevalence of dry eye increases following the aging process. Relative risk factors of dry eye are gender, age, wearing contact lens, long-time using of eye solutions, taking anti-allergy drugs.     

近视患者行飞秒激光联合个体化准分子激光角膜切削术治疗效果观察及术后随访研究

目的:研究分析飞秒激光联合个体准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视的临床效果及术后随访情况。方法:病例样本为准分子激光的100例近视患者,依据术式不同划分为研究组和对照组,研究组患者样本量n=58,对照组患者样本量n=42,对照组患者治疗方案为前弹力层下激光角膜磨镶术,研究组患者治疗方案为飞秒激光联合个体准分子激光角膜切削术,研究比较组间各项临床指标。结果:评估两组患者像差变化,研究组均优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后干眼、夜间炫光等并发症发生率,研究组低于对照组(P<0.05),评估组间治愈眼数行百分比,无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:近视患者采用飞秒激光联合个体准分子激光角膜切削术治疗效果优异,可推广应用。