放射治疗与放射性同位素治疗骨转移癌疗效分析

骨转移癌是肿瘤的晚期表现。放射治疗和放射性同位素治疗骨转移癌均有一定疗效。放射治疗骨转移癌的方法在国内外早已出现,to％一叨％病人可以获得较持久的止痛效果LI喷射性同位素治疗骨转移癌始于1988年,国内始于lop年卜1,亦有不少文献报告治疗效果较好,疼痛消失或症状明显缓解达跟％一叨％［2］。本文回顾性分析l用例骨转移癌病人的放射治疗加同位素治疗,表明能增强止痛效果,延长缓解时间,提高晚期肿瘤病人的生存质量。1材料和方法统计我院自lop年3月一lop年5月108例骨转移癌病人,全部病例随访2年以上,失访11例,作死亡计。随访…     

智能问答系统在医学领域的应用研究

智能问答系统可以快速、准确地为用户提供信息服务,是自然语言处理领域的备受关注的研究方向。在医学知识服务领域,也具有很好的应用前景和发展空间。论文首先简述了医学领域智能问答系统的研究情况,其次就医学智能问答系统中的问题分析、信息检索、答案抽取三个组成部分及其关键技术进行了分别阐述;最后对其在中医方面的应用进行了阐述,并对医学智能问答系统的进一步发展提出了展望。     

双探头符合线路SPECT正电子显像衰减校正实验研究

Objective The photons from the body would be attenuated in their intensity by the soft tissue before they reach the detectors. Some of them lost more intensity than others when coming from the deeper body. Attenuation of the photons would distort the image, affect the image quality, and may lead to misdiagnosis. In this research the X-ray and γ-ray were used as transmission resources for accurate assess-ment of attenuation in each part of the body. The transmission data was used to correct the emission data from the body. Iteration algorithm was used for the reconstruction of attenuation corrected tomography ima-ges. Evaluate the efficacy of attenuation correction in duel head hybrid SPECT/coincidence PET systems (SPECT/PET) and SPECT using both the Jaszczak and the myocardial phantoms. Methods For PET phantom study, the Jaszczak phantom was filled with the aqueous solution of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and was scanned with two hybrid SPECT/coincidence PET systems respectively (Vertex Plus, Netherlands Philips ADAC Company and Hawkeye, USA GE Company). The PET images were acquired and reconstruc-ted. Results The "cold" lesion, which the diameter was less than 12 mm of uncorrected image, could not be identified. But it, after correction, diameter 9 mm, would be recognized clearly, less than 7 mm would not be distinguished. Noncorrected image could only identify "hot" lesions which the diameter were 9, 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm, while in the corrected image, not only it was much better, but also the "hot" le-sion of 6 mm was distinguished. In Hawkeye, the same situation, the corrected image of was improved obvi-ously; the disparity of counts between surrounding and deep center less, and the counts in deep center were compensated. There were only 3 round " cold" lesions could be recognized, the diameter: 14, 18 and 20 mm; all of them which diameter were less than 12 mm could not be distinguished. One in the center was al-most as background, and could not be identified. The radioactive accounts of surrounding and center were quite different. The corrected image 5 "cold" lesions could be found, 9, 12, 14, 18 and 20 mm, but7 mm could not be found. The noncorrected image, only 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm " hot" lesions could be found, and by the surrounding, there was an arc shape "hot" lesion. But it could distinguish 9, 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm "hot" lesions on the corrected image, and the image was much better than noncorrected one. Conclusions The corrected image of Vertex Plus was improved obviously with the disparity of counts between surrounding and deep center less, and the counts in deep center was compensated. The result of at-tenuation with phantom showed that 137Cs was better than CT in both image quality and spatial resolution.     

双探头符合线路SPECT正电子显像衰减校正实验研究

Objective The photons from the body would be attenuated in their intensity by the soft tissue before they reach the detectors. Some of them lost more intensity than others when coming from the deeper body. Attenuation of the photons would distort the image, affect the image quality, and may lead to misdiagnosis. In this research the X-ray and γ-ray were used as transmission resources for accurate assess-ment of attenuation in each part of the body. The transmission data was used to correct the emission data from the body. Iteration algorithm was used for the reconstruction of attenuation corrected tomography ima-ges. Evaluate the efficacy of attenuation correction in duel head hybrid SPECT/coincidence PET systems (SPECT/PET) and SPECT using both the Jaszczak and the myocardial phantoms. Methods For PET phantom study, the Jaszczak phantom was filled with the aqueous solution of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and was scanned with two hybrid SPECT/coincidence PET systems respectively (Vertex Plus, Netherlands Philips ADAC Company and Hawkeye, USA GE Company). The PET images were acquired and reconstruc-ted. Results The "cold" lesion, which the diameter was less than 12 mm of uncorrected image, could not be identified. But it, after correction, diameter 9 mm, would be recognized clearly, less than 7 mm would not be distinguished. Noncorrected image could only identify "hot" lesions which the diameter were 9, 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm, while in the corrected image, not only it was much better, but also the "hot" le-sion of 6 mm was distinguished. In Hawkeye, the same situation, the corrected image of was improved obvi-ously; the disparity of counts between surrounding and deep center less, and the counts in deep center were compensated. There were only 3 round " cold" lesions could be recognized, the diameter: 14, 18 and 20 mm; all of them which diameter were less than 12 mm could not be distinguished. One in the center was al-most as background, and could not be identified. The radioactive accounts of surrounding and center were quite different. The corrected image 5 "cold" lesions could be found, 9, 12, 14, 18 and 20 mm, but7 mm could not be found. The noncorrected image, only 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm " hot" lesions could be found, and by the surrounding, there was an arc shape "hot" lesion. But it could distinguish 9, 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm "hot" lesions on the corrected image, and the image was much better than noncorrected one. Conclusions The corrected image of Vertex Plus was improved obviously with the disparity of counts between surrounding and deep center less, and the counts in deep center was compensated. The result of at-tenuation with phantom showed that 137Cs was better than CT in both image quality and spatial resolution.     

99mTc-MIBI鼻咽癌阳性显像临床研究

鼻咽癌的确诊多采用直接取材病理检查。由于部分肿瘤生长的部位比较隐蔽，复发病人的病灶表面会有纤维瘢痕组织覆盖，故有时取材难以定位〔１〕。放射性核素鼻咽癌阳性显像法可以提高检出率，且可发现部分病人的转移灶。资料与方法１研究对象。对照组２１例，男１３例，...     

^99mTc—MIBI鼻咽癌阳性显像的探讨

目的用(~99m)Tc-MIBI来探索鼻咽癌的原发灶和转移灶的诊断.资料与方法 用(~99m)Tc-MIBI断层显像检测21例对照组和41例治疗前鼻咽癌病例,病灶的放射性摄取与头皮比较,由3名以上的医师在不知道任何临床情况下分别阅片.结果41例治疗前鼻咽癌病例中共有36例阳性.特异性为91%,灵敏度为88%.结论用(~99m)Tc-MIBI来探索鼻咽癌的原发灶和转移灶的诊断,是一种灵敏的,值得进一步探讨的影像学方法.     

双探头符合线路SPECT正电子显像衰减校正实验研究

Objective The photons from the body would be attenuated in their intensity by the soft tissue before they reach the detectors. Some of them lost more intensity than others when coming from the deeper body. Attenuation of the photons would distort the image, affect the image quality, and may lead to misdiagnosis. In this research the X-ray and γ-ray were used as transmission resources for accurate assess-ment of attenuation in each part of the body. The transmission data was used to correct the emission data from the body. Iteration algorithm was used for the reconstruction of attenuation corrected tomography ima-ges. Evaluate the efficacy of attenuation correction in duel head hybrid SPECT/coincidence PET systems (SPECT/PET) and SPECT using both the Jaszczak and the myocardial phantoms. Methods For PET phantom study, the Jaszczak phantom was filled with the aqueous solution of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and was scanned with two hybrid SPECT/coincidence PET systems respectively (Vertex Plus, Netherlands Philips ADAC Company and Hawkeye, USA GE Company). The PET images were acquired and reconstruc-ted. Results The "cold" lesion, which the diameter was less than 12 mm of uncorrected image, could not be identified. But it, after correction, diameter 9 mm, would be recognized clearly, less than 7 mm would not be distinguished. Noncorrected image could only identify "hot" lesions which the diameter were 9, 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm, while in the corrected image, not only it was much better, but also the "hot" le-sion of 6 mm was distinguished. In Hawkeye, the same situation, the corrected image of was improved obvi-ously; the disparity of counts between surrounding and deep center less, and the counts in deep center were compensated. There were only 3 round " cold" lesions could be recognized, the diameter: 14, 18 and 20 mm; all of them which diameter were less than 12 mm could not be distinguished. One in the center was al-most as background, and could not be identified. The radioactive accounts of surrounding and center were quite different. The corrected image 5 "cold" lesions could be found, 9, 12, 14, 18 and 20 mm, but7 mm could not be found. The noncorrected image, only 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm " hot" lesions could be found, and by the surrounding, there was an arc shape "hot" lesion. But it could distinguish 9, 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm "hot" lesions on the corrected image, and the image was much better than noncorrected one. Conclusions The corrected image of Vertex Plus was improved obviously with the disparity of counts between surrounding and deep center less, and the counts in deep center was compensated. The result of at-tenuation with phantom showed that 137Cs was better than CT in both image quality and spatial resolution.     

SPECT在冠心病中医辨证中的应用

目的:探讨SPECT心肌显像与胸痹心痛证候的关系,探讨其与中医证候的关系。方法与结果:根据临床医师的诊断,把病人分成实证为主组和虚证为主组,观察两组病人的SPECT心肌显像的结果,发现实证为主组:阳性率45.45%;虚证为主组阳性率61.29%。结论:SPECT检查在中医心血管疾病辨证及其治疗方面有其独特的一面,而且是无创性的,可以重复多次进行,可以进行更深入的探讨。     

双探头符合线路SPECT正电子显像衰减校正实验研究

Objective The photons from the body would be attenuated in their intensity by the soft tissue before they reach the detectors. Some of them lost more intensity than others when coming from the deeper body. Attenuation of the photons would distort the image, affect the image quality, and may lead to misdiagnosis. In this research the X-ray and γ-ray were used as transmission resources for accurate assess-ment of attenuation in each part of the body. The transmission data was used to correct the emission data from the body. Iteration algorithm was used for the reconstruction of attenuation corrected tomography ima-ges. Evaluate the efficacy of attenuation correction in duel head hybrid SPECT/coincidence PET systems (SPECT/PET) and SPECT using both the Jaszczak and the myocardial phantoms. Methods For PET phantom study, the Jaszczak phantom was filled with the aqueous solution of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and was scanned with two hybrid SPECT/coincidence PET systems respectively (Vertex Plus, Netherlands Philips ADAC Company and Hawkeye, USA GE Company). The PET images were acquired and reconstruc-ted. Results The "cold" lesion, which the diameter was less than 12 mm of uncorrected image, could not be identified. But it, after correction, diameter 9 mm, would be recognized clearly, less than 7 mm would not be distinguished. Noncorrected image could only identify "hot" lesions which the diameter were 9, 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm, while in the corrected image, not only it was much better, but also the "hot" le-sion of 6 mm was distinguished. In Hawkeye, the same situation, the corrected image of was improved obvi-ously; the disparity of counts between surrounding and deep center less, and the counts in deep center were compensated. There were only 3 round " cold" lesions could be recognized, the diameter: 14, 18 and 20 mm; all of them which diameter were less than 12 mm could not be distinguished. One in the center was al-most as background, and could not be identified. The radioactive accounts of surrounding and center were quite different. The corrected image 5 "cold" lesions could be found, 9, 12, 14, 18 and 20 mm, but7 mm could not be found. The noncorrected image, only 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm " hot" lesions could be found, and by the surrounding, there was an arc shape "hot" lesion. But it could distinguish 9, 12, 14, 18, 22 and 38 mm "hot" lesions on the corrected image, and the image was much better than noncorrected one. Conclusions The corrected image of Vertex Plus was improved obviously with the disparity of counts between surrounding and deep center less, and the counts in deep center was compensated. The result of at-tenuation with phantom showed that 137Cs was better than CT in both image quality and spatial resolution.     

基于生物效应的中药寒热药性判别模式研究

目的:观察寒、热药性中药对生物效应指标的影响,分析变量对寒、热药性贡献度,初步建立寒、热药性生物效应判别模式。方法:大鼠随机分为空白对照组、寒性中药（苦参、栀子、黄柏,黄芩、黄连、龙胆）各组、热性中药（附子、干姜、高良姜、花椒、肉桂、吴茱萸）各组,灌胃相应中药水煎液10 mL·kg^-1,每日2次,共给药30 d;检测文献已报道的可能与寒、热药性相关联的生物效应指标共53项;运用Clementinel2.0数据挖掘软件,建立数据仓库;选取空白对照组数据、寒性中药组（栀子、黄柏、黄连、苦参、龙胆）数据、热性中药组（附子、干姜、肉桂、花椒、高良姜）数据,作为训练集,C5.0算法和C&R分类回归算法找出变量的重要性,构建决策树;并对黄芩、吴茱萸进行寒、热属性的测试。结果:C&R分类回归算法显示:肝SDH活性为寒热最为重要的属性,重要性接近30%,其次为甘油三酯、肝Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶、肌糖元、血小板分布宽度等,模型的正确率达97.39%;C5.0算法显示:肝SDH活性为寒热最为重要的属性,重要性接近40%,其次为甘油三酯、谷草转氨酶、肌糖元、肝Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶等,模型的正确率达98.26%;C&R分类回归算法、C5.0算法决策树判定吴茱萸属于热性药和黄芩属于寒性药的可能性均为100.00%,77.78%。结论:肝SDH活性为中药的寒热药性最为重要的生物效应指标;中药寒、热药性的判别通路或模式与能量代谢存在着极为密切的关系。