畲医药资源数据库的建立

参考《中国畲药学》、《中国畲族医药学》、《中华百草》等文献资料,设计畲医药信息资源数据库,构建畲医药资源数据库系统的用户端与管理端。将畲医药中的畲药、畲医以及临床应用通过信息化手段进行关联,完成数据库的构建及网络平台的构建。随着平台中畲药、畲医及临床数据的不断完善与共享,将促进畲医药的传承与发展。     

脑功能区胶质瘤的现代手术策略

目的 探讨切除脑功能区胶质瘤手术新技术与方法.方法 112例胶质瘤患者在术中全麻唤醒状态下,通过术中B超或神经导航定位病灶,直接电刺激定位脑功能区结构,并在清醒状态下切除病变.术后随访时间3～84个月.结果 107例唤醒良好,术中有99例定位出运动区,61例定位出语言相关的功能区皮质,18例定位出感觉区.病变全切6...     

右美托咪啶对幕上病灶切除术后患者镇静作用的临床效果观察

目的观察右美托咪啶应用于幕上病灶切除术后镇静作用的临床效果。方法选择幕上病灶切除术后患者40例(均在麻醉恢复室),年龄18～60岁,随机分为两组,每组20例。试验组:10min静脉泵注右美托咪啶0.8μg/kg后,以0.6μg.kg-1.h-1维持40min;对照组:10min静脉泵注生理盐水10ml后,20ml生理盐水静脉泵注40min。记录患者血压、心率、呼吸等变化,观察给药后患者镇静作用以及不良反应的发生情况。结果试验组给入右美托咪啶后HR、MAP均低于基础值,对比对照组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);RR各个时间点则无明显变化;试验组均达到Ramsay镇静分级Ⅳ级状态。结论右美托咪啶(负荷量0.8μg/kg,维持0.6μg.kg-1.h-1)应用于幕上病灶切除术后患者取得了满意的镇静效果。     

坐位后颅窝手术中并发大量空气栓塞成功救治一例

患者,女,61岁。因左耳间断性耳呜、听力下降10余年,间断性头痛6余年,加重4d入院。诊断为左听神经鞘瘤、梗阻性脑积水。ASAⅠ级,各项实验室检查正常,择期在全麻下行左乳突后锁孔入路听神经瘤切除术。麻醉经过：入手术室后监测ECG、SpO2,经右颈内静脉穿刺置入双腔深静脉导管（颈内静脉前路法,15cm）供输液或CVP测压,桡动脉穿刺、置管测动脉压。[第一段]     

非心脏手术前后心肌缺血预测因素的探讨

目的 观察非心脏手术前后心肌缺血(MI)发生情况并探讨其预测因素。方法 以动态心电图(DCG)监测非心脏手术患者150例，术前监测至少12h，术后48h。计算出术前、术后MI发生率、平均每小时MI次数、MI时间以及MI曲线下面积；同时记录可能影响MI的有关因素，如年龄、性别、体重、ASA级别、患病史、冠心病危险因素、心血管药物用量、麻醉手术情况、实验室指标和其它生理指标。单因素分析明确MI的潜在预测因素后(P≤0．1)，将这些因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 术前MI发生率为4．7％，术后为22．7％。MI发生率和MI次数在术后12～24h达高峰，MI时间和MI曲线下面积在术后0～12h达高峰。未发现术前MI预测因素，术后MI预测因素有8个。即术前DCG有MI、年龄≥65岁、术前ECG有MI、ASA≥Ⅲ级、心绞痛史、高血压史、糖尿病史和高VAS评分。结论 术后MI发生率显著高于术前，且多发于术后第1天；根据心电图和系统病史等可对术后MI进行预测。     

功能区胶质瘤术中应用DTI-FT导航定位和保护锥体束(附13例报告)

目的研究功能区胶质瘤术中完善而有效的锥体束空间定位和功能保护方法。方法对13例功能区胶质瘤应用1.5T磁共振系统采集弥散张量成像(DTI)数据,在功能神经导航中进行纤维束示踪(FT),在导航中确定肿瘤与锥体束界面的标记点,应用自制导航穿刺针、着色明胶海绵对白质内锥体束走行进行空间定位。在空间定位锥体束基础上,应用皮质、皮质下直接电刺激或唤醒麻醉技术在肿瘤切除中对锥体束功能进行评估监测,保证其正常功能。结果本组锥体束与肿瘤交界区在神经导航中均得到确定,术中在DTI-FT导航下空间定位满意;锥体束功能判定明确者10例。均全切肿瘤,运动功能保持术前正常水平或得到改善。结论联合应用DTI-FT导航、神经电生理或唤醒麻醉技术可确保锥体束功能不出现手术损伤,同时为明确胶质瘤在脑白质内功能性边界提供有效方法。     

靶控输注瑞芬太尼和异丙酚麻醉诱导时镇静催眠效应的相互作用

Objective To investigate the sedative and hypnotic interaction between remifentanil and propofol by target-controlled infusion (TCI) during induction of anesthesia.Methods Third-two ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱpatients,aged 22-63 yr,body mass index 18-25 kg/m2,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=8 each).Group Ⅰ only received TCI pmpofol.GroupⅡ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳreceived a target concentration of 2,4 or 6 ng/ml remifentanil respectively.While the blood-effect site concentrations of remifentanil were equilibrated,patients received TCI of propefol,with an initial target concentration of 0.5μg/ml.After the blood-effect site concentrations of propofol were equilibrated then with 0.5μg/ml increments until the loss consciousness was achieved.The eyelash reflex and state of consciousness were assessed and radial arterial blood sample 6 ml was taken every 3 min to determine the remifentanil and propofol concentrations in blood.Propofol and remifentanil concentrations in blood were measured by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection respectively.The sedative and hypnotic interaction between propofol and remifentanil was determined with a pharmacodynamie interaction model by regression analysis and determined using the isobolographic method.Results Propofol concentrations in blood were lower in group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ than group Ⅰ(P<0.05).The propofol concentratopms in blood were significantly decreased in trun with the increase in the remifentanil concentrations in blood in group Ⅱ-Ⅳ(P<0.05).At loss of eyelash reflex and loss of consciousness of patients,the pharmacodynamic interaction model by curve fitting was superior to linear regression (P<0.05).At loss of eyelash reflex of patients,the curve fitting result showed EC50,prop=2.77μg/ml and EC50,rem=26.67 ng/ml,and the isobolographic method equation is ECprop/2.77+ECrem/26.67=0.69.At loss of consciousness of patients,the curve fitting result showed EC50,prop==3.76μg/ml and EC50,rem=31.56ng/ml,and the isobolographic method equation is Ecprop/3.76+Ecrem/31.56=0.65.Conclusion Remifentanil (Cp 2-6 ng/ml) and propofol by TCI shows a synergistic type of pharmacodynamic interaction on the sedative and hypnotic during induction of anesthesia.     

Narcotrend监测下不同瑞芬太尼效应室浓度对丙泊酚麻醉诱导浓度的影响

目的 观察全身麻醉(简称全麻)诱导时不同瑞芬太尼效应室浓度对丙泊酚效应室浓度的影响.方法 60例ASA1、2级需气管插管全麻患者.随机分为Ⅰ～Ⅵ组,每组10例,对应瑞芬太尼效应室浓度0、1、2、3、4和5 ng/mL,所有患者常规监测MAP、HR.、Narcotrend分级(NT)及指数(NI),当NI≤46时认为进入合适麻醉状态,给予顺式阿曲库铵0.15 mg/kg,记录此时丙泊酚效应室浓度,并以此浓度维持麻醉诱导结束,记录插管前、即刻、插管后3、10 min时MAP及HR,比较各组间丙泊酚效应室浓度及组内插管前后血流动力学差异.结果 Ⅳ～Ⅵ组达到足够麻醉深度时的丙泊酚效应室浓度明显低于Ⅰ～Ⅲ组,Ⅴ、Ⅵ组插管前后的MAP、FIR无明显变化.结论 靶控输注瑞芬太尼时,增加其效应室浓度可以降低麻醉诱导所需丙泊酚的靶控浓度.