双层探测器光谱CT虚拟平扫联合40keV虚拟单能量成像用于降低小肠CT造影辐射剂量

目的 观察双层探测器光谱CT(DLCT)虚拟平扫(VNC)联合40 keV虚拟单能量成像(VMI)用于降低小肠CT造影(CTE)辐射剂量的价值。方法 回顾性分析63例接受CT真实平扫(TNC)及双期增强扫描的炎性肠病(IBD)患者,测算病变/组织结构在重建TNC,常规动、静脉期,虚拟动、静脉期平扫(VNC_a、VNC_v)及40 keV VMI图像中的CT值和图像噪声(SD)、信噪比(SNR)、对比度噪声比(CNR),以及剂量长度乘积(DLP)、容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)及有效剂量(ED);对比TNC及VNC图像、常规动脉期及40 keV VMI图像并进行客观评价;对常规扫描与VNC_v联合40 keV VMI CTE图像进行主观评价,并比较其辐射剂量。结果 TNC、VNC_a及VNC_v图像中,病变累积肠壁、未累及肠壁及腰大肌CT值差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。病变肠壁、腹主动脉及回结肠静脉在40 keV VMI图像中的CT值、SNR及CNR均高于常规动脉期图像(...     

生存素在子宫腺肌病异位病灶中的表达及其意义

目的了解凋亡抑制蛋白生存素（Survivin）在子宫腺肌病患者病灶、在位内膜中的表达情况。方法采用免疫组化抗生物素蛋白一过氧化物酶染色法（SP法）检测子宫腺肌病患者（22例）异位病灶、在位内膜及对照组（30例子宫肌瘤）子宫内膜标本中生存素的表达并比较。结果生存素在研究组异位病灶中广泛表达，表达的强度显著高于其在位内膜和对照组子宫内膜，增殖期高于分泌期；研究组在位内膜的生存素表达也高于对照组内膜；无论是研究组在位内膜还是对照组子宫内膜中生存素的表达均不随月经周期变化。结论生存素的过度表达可能参与了子宫腺肌病的发生与发展过程。     

康泰仙对小鼠肝脑组织SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、MDA影响的实验研究

目的通过测定小鼠肝脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量来研究康泰仙(KOTAIS)对小鼠抗衰老的作用。方法采用D-半乳糖制作的衰老模型,将小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、药物低、中、高剂量组。连续给药灌胃60d后,检测肝脑组织中的SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、MDA指标。结果各剂量组能提高小鼠肝组织中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT的活性,并能降MDA的含量,以低、中剂量组尤其明显。结论康泰仙(KOTAIS)具有较好的消除自由基、抗衰老的作用。     

Expression of integrin β3 and osteopontin in endometrium of patients with adenomyosis

Objective To investigate the expression of integrin β3 and osteopontin(OPN) in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of adenomyosis. Methods From January 2007 to July 2008, the endometrium specimens were collected from 43 patients with adenomyosis undergoing hysterectomy in Peking University First Hospital. Eutopic endometrium were 11 in proliferative phase and 32 in secretory phase (18 cases in mid-secretory phase) were collected. Ectopic endometriums were also collected. In the mean time, it was chosen 41 cases with pure subserous uterine myoma or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅱ-Ⅲ treated by hysterectomy as controls including 12 endometrium in proliferative phase and 29 endometrium in secretory phase (19 cases in mid-secretory phase). The expression of Integrin β3 subunit and OPN in the endometrium were assessed by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results (1)Immunohistochemical staining showed that positive staining of integrin β3 and OPN were present predominantly in eutopic and ectopic endometrial glandular epithelium. There was significant different protein expression of integrin β3 and OPN, which were 1.6±0.8 and 1.7±0.7 in eutopic endometrium,1.7±0.7 and 1.8±0.9 in ectopic endometrium,2.1±0.9 and 2.0±0.9 in control endometrium (P<0.05). The protein expression of integrin β3 and OPN in eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis in the proliferative phase(0.8±0.4 and 0.7±0.3) were remarkably lower than those of the secretory phase(1.8±0.8 and 1.9±0.8,P<0.01). The protein expression of integrin β3 and OPN in the endometrium of controls in the proliferative phase(1.0±0.4 and 1.0±0.4) were significantly lower than those of the secretory phase(2.5±0.7 and 2.5±0.7)(P=0.000). In the mid-secretory phase, the protein expression of integrin β3(2.0±0.9) and OPN (2.1±0.8)in eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis were significantly lower than that of control endometrium(2.7±0.5 and 2.7±0.7)(P<0.01). (2)The mRNA expression level of integrin β and OPN in eutopic and ectopic endometrium were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR(result was shown by median index). It was observed that integrin β3 mRNA and OPN mRNA were significantly lower in the eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis (4.69 and 4.23), when compared with ectopic endometrium(7.96 and 14.84)and controls (13.47 and 17.40) (P<0.05). Eutopic endometrium had higher mRNA expression of integrin β and OPN mRNA in the secretory phase (5.54 and 11.40) than that in the proliferative phase(2.69 and 3.30) (P<0.01).The mRNA expression level of integrin β and OPN of control endometrium in the proliferative phase (3.12 and 4.75)were significantly lower than that in the secretory phase(19.94 and 21.00, P=0.000). The mRNA expression of integrin β and OPN were 10.10 and 14.34 in the mid-secretory phase, which were significantly lower than 21.50 and 24.18 in control endometrium(P<0.05). Conclusions High expression of integrin β3 and OPN in ectopic endometrium of adenomyosis may cause endometriotic lesions; abnormal expression of integrin β3 and OPN in the endometrium of adenomyosis during the implantation window may contribute to infertility in some patients.     

基层医院开展射频消融术治疗室上性心动过速21例体会

目的：通过总结本院射频消融术（RFCA）治疗阵发性室上性心动过速（PVST）21例的临床资料,探讨这一技术在基层医院开展的疗效及安全性。方法：回顾分析本院行射频消融术治疗阵发性室上性心动过速21例患者的临床资料。结果：房室结折返性心动过速（AVNRT）14例,房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）7例,手术未成功2例,并发急性心包填塞1例,成功率90.5%,并发症率4.8%,无复发病例。结论：射频消融术是根治阵发性室上性心动过速的一项有效、安全微创手术,可以在各级基层医院开展。     

同期双侧人工全髋关节置换术(附1例报告)

目的：探讨双髋关节疾患同时行双侧人工关节置换的适应征；高原环境中降低高原红细胞增多症手术高危性的措施。方法：分析1997年8月对1例双侧股骨头缺血性坏死合并高原红细胞增多症患者，同期双侧人工全髋关节置换临床资料，选用LANDOCHINE公司产吉坦-TITAN髋关节，术前10天应用低右500ml／d·静滴。结果：1、术前血红蛋白从230g／L降至155g／L；2、术后患者出现持续80小时精神高度亢奋状态，3、术后20个月随访，双行功能优良各1侧。结论：1、对具有明确手术指征、条件许可者，在充分准备下施行同期双侧人工全防关节置换是可行的；2、低右的应用对降低血液粘稠度、改善血液流变学，防范高原红细胞增多症对本类手术的高危佳效果肯定，3、术后持续精神亢奋原因尚待研究。     

用血清蛋白指纹图谱筛选胃癌血清标记物的意义

胃癌治疗效果较差,总的5年生存率仅为20%～40%,进展期Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期的5年生存率几乎为0.因此,从血清中寻求特异性生物学标志物用于胃癌的诊断是临床亟需解决的难题.为此,我们设计了该研究,以探讨血清蛋白指纹图谱在胃癌诊断中的意义.     

西藏地区下肢骨折术后DVT与Hb的相关性

目的探讨西藏地区下肢骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)与血红蛋白(Hb)之间的相关性。方法回顾性分析自2016-07—2017-07行切开复位内固定的69例下肢骨折,根据术前Hb水平分为4组,A组17例Hb为120~160 g/L,B组21例Hb为160.1~170 g/L,C组18例Hb为170.1~180 g/L,D组13例Hb为180.1~190 g/L。记录4组术后3 d下肢DVT发生率。结果 A组术后3 d出现1例下肢DVT,发生率为5.9%;B组术后3 d出现8例下肢DVT,发生率为38.1%;C组术后3 d出现7例下肢DVT,发生率为38.9%;D组术后3 d出现6例下肢DVT,发生率为46.2%。A组术后3 d下肢DVT发生率明显低于B、C、D组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示高Hb水平是下肢骨折术后DVT形成的危险因素(P=0.015)。结论西藏地区下肢骨折术后DVT发生率与Hb水平相关,高Hb水平是术后DVT形成的危险因素。     

Y染色体原位杂交在追踪间充质干细胞上的应用

背景：间充质干细胞移植治疗多发性硬化症是一种被日渐关注的新型治疗手段。然而,间充质干细胞是通过穿越血脑屏障发挥细胞替代作用还是通过免疫抑制发挥治疗作用仍有待进一步验证。 目的：建立稳定有效的Y染色体原位杂交方法,观察间充质干细胞在多发性硬化症模型小鼠中的分布。 设计、时间及地点：观察性实验,于2007-09/2009-02在健康科学研究所分子免疫学实验室完成。 材料：C57BL/6小鼠30只,6~8周龄,体质量15~20 g,雌鼠用于建立实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎模型。 方法：用地高辛标记了针对Y染色体的DNA探针,进行原位杂交验证探针的特异性和敏感性。再将从雄鼠中分离的间充质干细胞移植到雌性实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠体内,进行原位杂交。 主要观察指标：光学和荧光显微镜观察间充质干细胞在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠体内的分布情况。 结果：实验确立了探针的Y染色体特异性和敏感性,进一步建立了有效的原位杂交方法。追踪到间充质干细胞在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠的脊髓内分布极少,而外周免疫器官内有一定数量的分布,表明间充质干细胞可能是通过外周免疫调节发挥治疗作用。 结论：在外周脾和淋巴结内有一定数量的间充质干细胞分布,而在中枢神经系统的脊髓内只有极少数的间充质干细胞。