院内感染对小儿病毒性肝炎患者预后的影响

院内感染对小儿病毒性肝炎患者预后的影响李解权，孟静仪，林厚基，晏国珍南京市传染病医院２１０００３曹庆军南京市卫生防疫站病毒性肝炎是一种发病高、传播广、病程长、严重威胁人民健康的常见传染病。在儿童则影响生长发育、生活学习及各方面的发展。由于医院内感染的...     

髋关节撞击综合征

髋关节撞击综合征是一种常见的、可引起慢性髋关节疼痛及髋关节屈曲和内收受限的疾病,是髋关节骨性关节炎常见的病因。根据不同的解剖异常可分为Cam凸轮碰撞和Pincer钳形碰撞两型。髋关节X线正位片可观察到股骨头颈之间的凹陷度不足,表现为股骨头突起部向外侧伸延、头与颈间的凹陷减少或消失。CT及MRI能发现不明显的股骨头颈交界处及髋臼的解剖异常。而显示关节盂缘病变和邻近软骨病变及软骨下囊性变和滑膜疝,MRI较X线平片及CT更准确。主要就髋关节撞击综合征的临床、分型及影像学表现予以综述。     

蝮蛇抗栓酶佐治小儿难治性肾病14例临床分析

小儿难治性肾病，是儿科疾病中治疗比较棘手的病病，复发率。病死率较高，目前仍缺乏特效疗法，本科从1990—1992年，共用蝮蛇抗栓酶佐治小儿难治性肾病14例，收到很好疗效，现报导如下。     

64层螺旋CT肺动脉成像低管电压设置结合个体化对比剂应用的对照研究

Objective To investigate the feasibility of the low tube voltage setting and personalized contrast agent application in 64-row multi-slice spiral CT pulmonary angiography.Methods Ninety patients with high risk of pulmonary artery embolism were sequentially enrolled in the study and divided into 3 groups employing completely randomized design: (1) Regular group included 30 patients using 120 kV and fixed dose of 70 ml contrast agent, (2)Another 30 patients were in 120 kV group, using 120 kV and the contrast amount was determined according to the patient weight (1.0 ml/kg), (3) The remaining 30 patients were included in 100 kV group, using 100 kV and the contrast amount was also determined according to the patient weight(1.0 ml/kg).Administration of contrast agent was completed within 20 seconds for all the patients, followed by 20 ml of saline.The objective and subjective indexes for assessing CT image quality, CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and effective received dose (ERD) were compared between 120 kV group and 100 kV group; then the contrast media volume, injection rate, objective CT image indexes and subjective indexes for image quality was compared between the 100 kV group and regular group.The variance analysis and post hoc test were employed for the statistical analysis.Results Compared with 120 kV group(3.4± 0.7), the image quality of 100 kV group(5.2±1.8)had higher noise(52.9%), but subjective index for the image quality demonstrated no differences(q=0.272 ,P=0.063)in mediastinum window while CTDIvol and ERD decreased for 34.9%[(9.5±0.0) vs (14.6±0.0) mGy]and 36.8%[(3.8±0.6) vs (2.4± 0.4) mSv].The mean CT values on pulmonary artery of 100 kV group[(269.2±54.7) HU]were 13.4% (31.8/237.4) higher than the 120 kV group[(237.4±62.9) HU], but there was no statistical differences eornpared to normal group(q=0.172,P=0.260).Conclusion Using low kV setting (100 kV) to reduce radiation dose is proved to be effective and feasible in 64-MSCT pulmonary angiography.Personalized contrast agent injection has clinical application value for specific patient group.     

饮食服务从业人员病毒性肝炎的血清流行病学监察

<正> 病毒性肝炎是当前严重危害人类健康的一种传染病,也是我国法定监察的传染病之一。我国每年对饮食服务行业人员进行体检,并进行肝功能和HBsAg的检测来筛检可疑肝炎患者,对减少病毒性肝炎的传播起了一定的作用。但有关监察效果的报道却不多,为此,我们于1986年3～5月在太原南城区随机抽1945名饮食服务从业人员,进行     

急性重症胰腺炎26例手术治疗体会

急性重症胰腺炎（Severe acute pancreatitis，SPA），发病急骤，病情凶险，而且发展迅速，可早期出现休克、多脏器功能衰竭，病死率可达30％～50％。我们于1997年1月～2007年1月共手术治疗SAP26例，现报告如下。[第一段]     

静息能量消耗测定在慢性肝病中的应用

慢性肝病患者的静息能量消耗应采用开放式间接测热法测得,合理的能量代谢调整有助于肝功能改善并防止并发症发生,测定静息能量消耗可为慢性肝病患者营养支持治疗个体化提供依据。     

髌骨开放性骨折的康复护理

髌骨开放性骨折通常是因受直接暴力打击、跌倒、压轧等原因引起的创伤性疾病 ,其发病率较高 ,若治疗和护理不当 ,易发生创口感染 ,出现创伤性关节炎、骨折畸形愈合或不愈合 ,为了使患者早日康复 ,除给予对症治疗外 ,还需要良好的康复护理配合 ,我们总结了对 10例髌骨开放性骨折患者所行系统的康复护理 ,现报告如下 :1　护理1 1　伤口的护理首先应正确辨认伤口损伤的程度及性质 ,严格进行无菌技术操作。如果处理不当发生感染 ,将会给病人造成肢体残疾等严重后果 ,遇到髌骨开放性骨折患者 ,首先必须做认真彻底的清创 ,用肥皂水或生理盐水由近…