心脏临时起搏支持严重心率缓慢患者的血液净化

目的观察心脏临时起搏对严重心率缓慢患者血液净化的作用。方法7例因各种病因引起的急慢性肾功能衰竭患者伴严重心率缓慢时，经右颈内静脉、左锁骨下静脉途径穿刺置管行气囊电极床边紧急心脏临时起搏，支持血液净化。结果7例中5例行右颈内静脉置管，2例行左锁骨下静脉置管，起搏均成功，效果肯定，起搏时间2～16天，支持血液净化共32次，其中连续性静脉血液滤过（CVVH）2次，8例次行血液透析滤过（HDF），22例次行常规血透（HD），未发现心脏穿孔、气胸、血胸，1例发生导管感染。1例扩张型心肌病患者因低血压心力衰竭不能控制自动出院，其余6例均抢救成功。结论球囊电极床边心脏临时起搏，操作简便快捷，安全有效，可以提高严重心动过缓合并有肾功能不全的重危患者的抢救成功率。     

贵州江口土家族男性葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺陷症的基因频率调查

目的 调查贵州省江口土家族男性葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺陷症的基因频率。方法 2002年10-11月随机选取227名江口当地土家族男性居民，采用四氮唑蓝（NBT）纸片定性法初筛G6PD缺陷症。G6PD／6PGD比值法定量确诊。结果 对贵州省江口县227名土家族男性进行筛查，共检出17例G6PD缺陷阳性。其基因频率为0．0749。结论 通过对贵州土家族G6PD缺乏症基因频率的调查和分析，初步了解了贵州省土家族G6PD缺乏症的分布特征。为该地区预防该疾病、指导临床、提高少数民族的素质及研究该民族起源提供了一定的依据。     

贵州省地方性氟中毒地区人群GSTP1基因Ile105Val位点多态性分析

Objective To investigate plasma glutathione S-transferase(GSTs) activity and GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism in Bijie City, Guizhou Province, a coal-burning fluorosis endemic area. Methods One hundred and sixty villagers from Yachi Twon using non-improved cooking stoves were selected as the non-intervened group in Bijie City, Guizhou Province where coal-burning fluorosis was prevailing; 153 villagers as the intervented group were chosen from Changchun Twon, where cooking stoves were improved; 151 villagers were served as the control group from Baiyunshan Twon, Changshun County without endemic fluorosis. The activity of GSTs was tested by colorimetric analysis with spectrophotometer. The genotype of the GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism, presenting as either homozygous wild-type (AA), or heterozygous mutation type (AG), or homozygous mutation type (GG), was detected through the PCR-RFLP procedure. Results The activity of GSTs in plasma of non-intervened group [(12.44±4.97) kU/L]was significantly lower than that of intervened group (P < 0.05), and that of intervened group[(20.78±6.20)kU/L]was significantly lower than that of control group[(24.30±6.27)kU/L, P< 0.05]. The difference of the enzyme activity of three groups were statistically significant (F = 51.71, P < 0.05), but this enzyme activity did not vary significantly in each sex of each grnup(P > 0.05). Compared intervened group [AA:67.3%(103/153), AG:29.4%(45/153),GG:3.3%(5/153)]and non-intervened group[AA:66.9%(107/160), AG:30%(48/160), GG:3.1%(5/160)]with control group[AA:74.8%(113/151), AG:25.2%(38/151), GG:0 (0/151)], the Ile105Val polymorphism site of GSTP1 gene had significant difference(χ2= 6.04,6.07, both P< 0.05), but not significant between intervened and non-intervened groups(χ2 = 0.02, P>0.05). Conclusions Fluorosis can decrease the activity of GSTs and introduce the GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism, intervention with the fluorine intake will improve the effect of fluoride on the body.     

力平脂治疗高脂血症的临床观察

报告对１５３例高脂血症患者以力平脂治疗１００例，潘特生治疗５３例。于服力平脂４和８周后分别检测有关指标，总胆固醇（ＴＣ）分别下降２０％、２３％；甘油三酯（ＴＧ）下降５５％、５９％；低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）下降２０％、２３％；高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬＣ）升高２８％、３８％；ＴＣＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＨＤＬ－Ｃ比值下降３１％。前后对比差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１～０．００１）。其中１５例重度高ＴＧ血症（ＴＧ≥５．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），服力平脂８周后，ＴＧ值下降７．２±３．３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ下降率为７４．０％，显示其降ＴＧ尤为显著。服药前ＴＧ值越高，治疗后下降越显著。力平脂还可使载脂蛋白Ａ（ａｐｏ－Ａ１）升高，为１５％（４周）、１８％（８周）；ａｐｏ－Ａ１／ａｐｏ－Ｂ比值分别上升４６％、４８％；ａｐｏ－８分别下降１５％、１７％。力平脂组部分病例的ＡＬＴ轻度升高，但为可逆性，其余尚未发现明显副作用。     

贵州省地方性氟中毒地区人群GSTP1基因Ile105Val位点多态性分析

Objective To investigate plasma glutathione S-transferase(GSTs) activity and GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism in Bijie City, Guizhou Province, a coal-burning fluorosis endemic area. Methods One hundred and sixty villagers from Yachi Twon using non-improved cooking stoves were selected as the non-intervened group in Bijie City, Guizhou Province where coal-burning fluorosis was prevailing; 153 villagers as the intervented group were chosen from Changchun Twon, where cooking stoves were improved; 151 villagers were served as the control group from Baiyunshan Twon, Changshun County without endemic fluorosis. The activity of GSTs was tested by colorimetric analysis with spectrophotometer. The genotype of the GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism, presenting as either homozygous wild-type (AA), or heterozygous mutation type (AG), or homozygous mutation type (GG), was detected through the PCR-RFLP procedure. Results The activity of GSTs in plasma of non-intervened group [(12.44±4.97) kU/L]was significantly lower than that of intervened group (P < 0.05), and that of intervened group[(20.78±6.20)kU/L]was significantly lower than that of control group[(24.30±6.27)kU/L, P< 0.05]. The difference of the enzyme activity of three groups were statistically significant (F = 51.71, P < 0.05), but this enzyme activity did not vary significantly in each sex of each grnup(P > 0.05). Compared intervened group [AA:67.3%(103/153), AG:29.4%(45/153),GG:3.3%(5/153)]and non-intervened group[AA:66.9%(107/160), AG:30%(48/160), GG:3.1%(5/160)]with control group[AA:74.8%(113/151), AG:25.2%(38/151), GG:0 (0/151)], the Ile105Val polymorphism site of GSTP1 gene had significant difference(χ2= 6.04,6.07, both P< 0.05), but not significant between intervened and non-intervened groups(χ2 = 0.02, P>0.05). Conclusions Fluorosis can decrease the activity of GSTs and introduce the GSTP1 gene Ile105Val polymorphism, intervention with the fluorine intake will improve the effect of fluoride on the body.     

恩施土家族苗族自治州急性中毒流行病学调查

目的:通过调查恩施土家族苗族自治州急性中毒流行病学特征,为该地区急性中毒的防治提供依据。方法:连续收集2017-03-01—2018-03-01期间于我院就诊的急性中毒患者,由经过统一培训的人员采集急性中毒患者信息资料,包括性别、年龄、患者来源、毒物种类、中毒原因、季节分布等特点。结果:1年间我院中医部和西医部急诊科共收治急性中毒患者332例,男女比例为1.441,男性高于女性。其中城区人口142例(42.8%)、农村人口190例(57.2%)。该地区排名前3的急性中毒种类为酒精中毒(75例,22.6%)、CO中毒(64例,19.3%)、毒蕈中毒(42例,12.7%)和毒蛇咬伤(42例,12.7%),其中CO中毒患者主要为城区人口(76.6%),83.3%的毒蕈中毒患者来自农村,毒蛇咬伤和蜂蜇伤患者也以农村人口为主(93.6%)。药物中毒主要为镇静安眠药,占61.5%;农药中毒主要为有机磷中毒(23例,6.9%)、百草枯中毒(11例,3.3%)、除草剂中毒(21例,6.3%)。中毒年龄以40~59岁年龄段为主,病死率最高的是百草枯中毒。结论:酒精、CO是该地区城区人口急性中毒的常见毒物,而有机磷农药及百草枯是该地区农村人口急性中毒的主要原因,也是预后最差、病死率最高的中毒类型。健康宣教、天然气及农药规范化使用的普及应当成为该地区社会干预关注的重点。     

脂联素在2型糖尿病心血管并发症中的保护作用

脂联素是由脂肪组织特异分泌的一种脂肪因子,具有改善胰岛素抵抗、增加胰岛素敏感性、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗炎等作用。脂联素的结构、功能及其在糖尿病心血管并发症中的作用受到极大关注,在本文中作者就脂联素在2型糖尿病心血管并发症中的保护作用进行综述。     

奥美拉唑联合气滞胃痛颗粒治疗慢性浅表性胃炎120例疗效观察

目的：探讨奥美拉唑联合气滞胃痛颗粒治疗慢性胃炎的疗效。方法将慢性浅表性胃炎患者120例随机分为治疗组与对照组各60例,治疗组给予奥美拉唑联合气滞胃痛颗粒治疗,对照组予奥美拉唑联合多潘立酮治疗,比较2组治疗效果。结果治疗组总有效率为96．7％明显高于对照组的78．3％,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论奥美拉唑联合气滞胃痛颗粒治疗慢性浅表性胃炎疗效满意,值得临床推广。     

甲状腺腺叶切除手术方法的改进

我院自1985年以来,按新的甲状腺手术方法,进行了25例手术,获得了满意的效果。现报告如下。一、临床资料经病理诊断为甲状腺腺瘤者18例,结节性甲状腺肿7例;女19例,男6例;年龄最大62岁,最小19岁;病史最长者11年,最短者     

急性脑卒中患者治疗前后血浆中神经肽质量浓度对比分析

近年来 ,国内外学者对神经肽的研究日趋增多。2 0 0 1- 0 1～ 2 0 0 2 - 12 ,我们利用放射免疫分析法测定了134例急性脑卒中患者和 82例对照组血浆中降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP) ,神经肽Y(NPY)和神经降压素 (NT)的质量浓度 ,观察上述 3种神经肽治疗前后的变化 ,以进一步探讨与急性脑卒中发生、发展之间的相互关系以及内在联系。现将结果报道如下。1　资料与方法1 1　临床资料　本研究中急性缺血性脑血管病患者 5 2例 ,男性 2 5例 ,女性 2 7例 ,年龄 4 6～ 84岁 ,平均 6 6岁。急性出血性脑血管病患者 82例 ,男性 5 1例 ,女性 31例 ,年龄2 6…