浅析细菌耐药性

抗菌药物的广泛应用,耐药菌株产生越来越快,细菌耐药性已引起世界医药界的高度重视。虽然抗菌药物不断涌现,但感染性疾病的发病率和病死率仍居高不下。究其原因,与细菌耐药性的产生密切相关,细菌耐药性的不断增强,已出现了一些特殊的耐药菌株,甚至对多种抗茵药物同时耐药的多重耐药菌,细菌耐药性的出现和耐药细菌的感染常使经验性治疗难以奏效,给临床抗感染治疗带来极大的挑战。因此,了解细菌的耐药机制,及时准确地检测细菌的耐药性,对细菌耐药性的变迁和某些重点的耐药细菌进行长期的监测和分析,可为临床抗感染治疗方案的拟定提供有益帮助。     

滨州市3120名中学生错牙合畸形调查

滨州市３１２０名中学生错牙合畸形调查闫保华李景祥刘春贵耿永志徐秀娥张炜（滨州市立医院口腔科，滨州市２５６６１７）关键词牙病；错牙合畸形，中学生；滨州市我们于１９９６年９月至１０月，对滨州市五所中学学生的错牙合畸形情况进行了调查，现将调查结果分析报告如...     

超声引导下股神经阻滞在膝关节手术术后镇痛中的应用

目的：观察超声引导下股神经阻滞在膝关节手术术后镇痛的应用价值。方法：选取60例于2013年10月至2014年10月行膝关节手术的患者,随机分为两组,每组30例。对照组采用盲探法进行股神经阻滞麻醉,观察组采用超声引导股神经阻滞麻醉。术后比较两组患者的镇痛效果、并发症发生率以及麻醉药物使用量。结果：与对照组相比,观察组局部麻醉药物使用量少于对照组（P ＜0．05）,术后VAS疼痛评分低于对照组（ P ＜0．05）,并发症发生率低于对照组（ P ＜0．05）。结论：将超声引导股神经阻滞麻醉应用于膝关节手术患者术后镇痛,可降低术后并发症的发生率,有效镇痛,有利于巩固手术疗效。     

基层医院麻醉科在创建等级医院过程中的支撑作用

麻醉科是基层综合性医院发展的薄弱环节,同时又是医院发展过程中的重要支撑科室,麻醉科的技术水平和工作范围直接影响着全院的医疗安全,国家新一轮等级医院的创建为麻醉科提供了良好的发展机遇。基层综合性医院麻醉科通过明确目标、加强学习、规范管理、注重质量、强化安全、促进协作等措施,狠抓内涵建设,可使学科建设达到一个新的高度。     

妇科腔镜手术中Narcotrend指导下七氟醚复合丙泊酚麻醉的临床观察

目的研究妇科腹腔镜手术中Narcotrend指导下七氟醚联合丙泊酚麻醉的效果及对血液动力学、认知功能和七氟醚用量的影响。方法选取2016年1月至2017年3月80例在我院择期行妇科腹腔镜手术患者为研究对象,将纳入患者按分为Narcotrend组与对照组,每组40例。所有患者均给予静吸复合麻醉,Narcotrend组在Narcotrend指导下进行麻醉,对照组凭借麻醉医师临床经验,根据患者生命体征,维持合适麻醉深度。记录患者入室(T0)、麻醉诱导后2 min(T1)、气管插管即刻(T2)、建立气腹即刻(T3)、建立气腹后15 min(T4)、拔除气管即刻(T5)心率与平均动脉压,比较两组七氟醚、丙泊酚用量及自主呼吸恢复时间,评估患者认知功能。结果 Narcotrend组T2、T3、T5心率、平均动脉压显著低于对照组(P0.05)。Narcotrend组七氟醚用量、丙泊酚用量、自主呼吸恢复时间分别为10.82±1.95 m L/h、82.72±14.90 mg、9.31±1.68 min显著低于对照组的13.15±2.36 m L/h、94.02±16.92 mg、10.65±1.92 min(P0.05)。Narcotrend组术后1 d简易精神状态评分(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估认知评分(Mo CA)显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论在Narcotrend指导下进行妇科腹腔镜手术,可以使麻醉更接近理想状态,减少麻醉药物用量,稳定血液动力学,减轻对认知功能的影响。     

Treatment of Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fracture involving the postero-lateral condyle with a medial support plate and a row of screws北大核心CSCD

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of a medial support plate and a row of screws in the treatment of Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fracture involving the postero-lateral condyle. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of the data of 26 patients who had been admitted to Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xian Jiaotong University for Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fracture involving the postero-lateral condyle from December 2015 to December 2020. There were 17 males and 9 females, aged from 19 to 51 years (average, 36. 1 years). All their fracture lines involved the postero-lateral condyle and all fractures were fixated with a medial support plate and a row of screws via one medial and one lateral incisions. Recorded were the operation time, hospital stay, blood loss, incision length, fracture healing, complications, quality of knee joint reduction and knee joint function at the last follow-up. Results The length of hospital stay ranged from 8 to 16 days, averaging 10. 4 days. The 26 patients were followed up for 8 to 18 months, with an average of 14. 3 months. All the fractures got united after 11 to 17 weeks (average, 13. 7 weeks). During the follow-up, no reduction loss, internal fixation failure or surgical complications were observed. Rasmussen radiographic scores at the last follow-up ranged from 11 to 18 points, averaging 16. 1 points. The range of motion of the knee joint ranged from 0° to 140。， averaging 120. 8°. The Rasmussen scores of the knee function ranged from 14 to 28 points, averaging 24. 4 points. Conclusion In the treatment of Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fracture involving the posterolateral condyle, the use of a medial support plate and a row of screws can achieve satisfactory clinical results. © The Author(s) 2022.