急性右下腹痛的B超诊断

急性右下腹痛是医院急诊病人的常见症状。对２０６例急性右下腹痛病人进行Ｂ超检查，包括急性盆腔炎，急性阑尾炎，输尿管结石，输卵管妊娠破裂，卵泡破裂，卵巢囊肿蒂扭转，阑尾粘液腺癌，腹腔淋巴结核合并感染，因阑尾炎的Ｂ超诊断报道较少，所以着重详细描述了各类型阑尾炎的声像图特征，报道的相关病例全部经手术及病理证实，认为Ｂ超检查对急性右下腹痛的诊断和鉴别诊断有一定的临床意义。     

检验飞行中飞行学员晕机反应的动态观察

晕机病是飞行学员首位身体停飞原因。为探索晕机病发生规律,改进预测选拔方法和建立飞行前抗晕机病训练方法,我们对检验飞行中飞行学员发生的晕机反应状况做了动态观察。 1 对象与方法 1.1 对象 初教-6飞行学员94名,男性,年龄19～21岁,各科体检飞行合格,1min30s     

体操运动员高蛋白低热量食品的研究

根据青少年体操运动员的需要，设计了一种食品配方，对此配方进行了营养分析、动物实验和体操运动员的试用，对以上测试结果进行简要讨论。     

低剂量CT肺动脉成像的实验研究

Objective To investigate the feasibility of reduced radiation dose for CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and the possible lowest radiation threshold by a phantom study.Methods The CT value difference between air within the trachea and the extracorporeal background region was measured in132 consecutive patients.A noise-measurement phantom and a pulmonary embolism (PE) phantom were made of phenol-formaldehyde, and both phantoms and a water phantom were scanned with standard and lower radiation doses as follow: 280, 200, 160, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 15, and 10 mA respectively, at a fixed voltage of 120 kVp.Standard and soft tissue algorithms were used to reconstruct the images.Three experienced doctors independendy evaluate the image quality and the efficiency of detecting PE of the images with various doses.The Pearson correlation analysis, two-tailed paired t test, ANOVA, and Kappa test were employed for the statistical analysis.Results The CT value difference between air within the trachea and the extracorpereal background region in 132 consecutive patients ranged from 20.00 to 55.00 HU, which had a positive correlation with weight[(64.99±11.86) kg], weight-height ratio [(38.71±6.13) kg/m], and BMI[(23.11±3.38) kg/m2](r=0.228,0.374,0.449 respectively; P <0.01).The image noise level with soft-tissue reconstruction algorithm[(16.55±9.08), (16.42±9.40) HU]was significantly lower than that of the image with standard reconstruction algorithm[(22.43±11.25),(21.99±11.67) HU](F=4.316, P < 0.05).The image noise level with soft-tissue reconstruction algorithm at 100 mA was similar to that of the images with standard reconstruction algorithm at 280 mA, and the signal-w-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the image of PE phantom was 23.05 and 20.52 respectively, without any impairment in detectability of embolus.The image noise level with soft-tissue reconstruction algorithm at 60 mA was similar to that of the image with standard reconstruction algorithm at 160 mA, while the SNR and CNR was 18.01 and 15.97 respectively, also with acceptable detectability of embolus.When the tube current was reduced below 30 mA, the image quality decreased significantly, with the SNR and CNR was lower than 12.36 and 10.95 respectively, and the detectability of embolus was degraded.The consistency of the image quality grading by 3 observers was excellent(K=0.807,0.712,0.904 ,respectively; P < 0.01).Conclusions The 100 mA may potentially be the ideal low dose tube current setting, with radiation dose only equal to 36% of 280 mA (standard dose).The 30 mA may possibly be a minimum radiation dose for detecting PE.The soft-tiasue reconstruction algorithm was favorable in preserving the SNR when the radiation dose was reduced.     

胆囊癌肝门转移致门静脉闭塞小网膜异位静脉代偿1例

门静脉完全闭塞后,由小网膜异位静脉代偿而未出现门静脉高压症症状,在临床上罕见。笔者曾遇到1例,报告如下。1　临床资料病人女性,48岁,汉族,务农。因尿黄1个月,皮肤、巩膜黄染10天以“梗阻性黄疸”诊断入院。查体:体温36.7℃,脉搏80次/分,血压16/10kPa。一般情况尚可,全身皮肤、巩膜明显黄染,皮肤未见蜘蛛痣,无出血点。头、颈、五官、心肺等检查未发现明显异常。腹部检查:腹平坦,无胃肠型及蠕动波,无腹壁静脉曲张,肝、脾无肿大,右上腹轻压痛,可触及肿大之胆囊。腹部其它部位未触及包块,移动性浊音阴性,肠鸣音正常。化验检查:血、大便常规…     

真实性评估概述及其对我国聋儿康复工作的启示

真实性评估采用自然主义方法,在真实情境中收集功能性和背景性信息,从而科学评价聋儿的言语发展情况以及行为表现情况.本文介绍了真实性评估的概念、功能、特点和实施方法,并提出我国的聋儿康复工作应借鉴这一新理念.     

27例前交通动脉瘤的显微手术治疗

前交通动脉瘤是最常见的颅内动脉瘤，约占颅内动脉瘤的30％～35％。因其结构复杂，动脉瘤形态变化各异，手术难度大，并有一定风险。现将本科2006年1月～2009年5月27例手术治疗结果及治疗体会报告如下。     

下肢巨大淋巴水肿1例

<正>患者男,27岁。自出生后,父母发现其右面部、右上肢、右下肢及右躯干比左侧肥大,尤以右下肢明显,且随年龄增长右下肢肥大加快,至17岁时右侧增长比左侧大1倍,21岁时因行动不便摔伤右下肢1次,使其加重,近年来已逐渐丧失生活能力。专科查体:体重100kg,行动极为困难,右面部与半     

Ⅲ度面积90%以上烧伤患者救治成功1例

<正>患者,男,39岁。因1500℃飞溅的液态钢水烧伤5h入院。专科入院检体:患者烦躁不安,呼吸困难。总烧伤面积92%(Ⅲ度90%,深Ⅱ度2%);合并中度吸入性损伤,酱油样尿。立即给予气管切开,快速补液抗休克,创面保痂治疗。①立     

高频超声在涎石病中的应用

涎石病是指涎腺或其导管内形成结石，并发生一系列的病理改变，多发生于颌下腺，涎石病多发生于单侧，偶见双侧。超声可以对涎腺结石作出明确诊断，并结石的部位作出较准确定位，因此目前，超声对涎石病的检查已广泛应用。