介入栓塞治疗用电解脱弹簧圈的电化学研究

本文研究了用 于介入栓塞颅内 动脉瘤的不锈 钢弹簧圈在 生理盐 水中阳 极溶解 电化 学过程, 确定 了溶断弹簧圈的 电流范围。分析 了不同材料及 表面预处理 对不锈 钢孔蚀 电位的 影响, 为电解 脱离 弹簧圈的选择提 供了依据     

血管迷走性晕厥的直立倾斜试验及药物疗效观察

对７４例不明原因晕厥患者进行直立倾斜试验。方法：采用自制手动式直立倾斜试验台,对阳性 病例选用氨酰心安或倍它乐克治疗,原有或经β－受体阻滞剂后发生心动过缓者同服６５４－２或改用氨茶碱,用药６ ｄ 后重复试验。结果：诱发出晕厥者４２例（５６．７６％）,其中心脏抑制型４例（９．５２％）,血管抑制型６例（１４．２８％）,混合 型３２例（７６．１９％）,阳性组发作时最低血压为零,最低心率４０次／ｍｉｎ,心电图主要改变为交界性逸搏心律,发作时 症状为晕厥、心悸、恶心、发汗,经平卧位后,上述改变均可恢复,无任何并发症。经氨酰心安治疗的１１例中９例转 阴,倍它乐克１４例中１１例阴转,氨茶碱３例中无１例阴转。结论：①直立倾斜试验既是诊断血管迷走性晕厥的简 便有效的措施,也是判断药物疗效的可靠方法。②β－受体阻滞剂氨酰心安、倍它乐克是治疗血管迷走性晕厥的有效 药物。     

孕期沙眼衣原体、支原体感染治疗效果与胎儿状况相关性研究

研究孕期沙眼衣原体,支原体感染治疗效果与胎儿生长发育的关系。方法应用免疫荧光法对６００例孕妇宫颈分泌物行沙眼衣原体,支原体属抗原检测,阳性者对配偶行尿道分泌物检测,孕妇阳性者以口服红霉素治疗,观察治疗过程中,胎儿异常及低休 儿发生比较及与配遇感染的关系。     

颞肌筋膜瓣在上颌骨缺损修复中的应用

目的与方法：本文总结了颞肌筋膜瓣修复上颌骨缺损２０例经验。其中上颌骨全部切除９例,上颌骨扩大切除３例,上颌骨部分切除８例。结果与结论：颞肌筋膜瓣全部成活,口腔内无覆盖的颞肌筋膜瓣发生上皮化。２例术后出现轻度张口受限外,未发现其它并发症,作者对颞肌筋膜剖要点及手术方法进行了描术,并对颞肌膜瓣的优点及注意事项进行了讨论。     

Bildanalyse bei der Mehrschicht-Spiral-CT der Lunge mit MPR- und MIP-Rekonstruktionen

PURPOSE: To test, whether axial, coronal and sagittal MIP and MPR reconstructions of diagnostic quality can be obtained from 1-mm collimation MSCT data of the chest for the evaluation of thoracic anatomy and pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1-mm collimation MSCT scans were obtained with a pitch of 6 in an acrylic phantom and in 20 patients. Axial images were reconstructed with 0.6-mm increment. Multiplanar reformations (MPRs) and sliding thin-slab maximum intensity projections (STS-MIPs) were reconstructed in axial, coronal and sagittal planes. Images were printed in lung windows and evaluated by three readers by using a standardized evaluation scheme. RESULTS: Overall, both methods allowed good visualization of anatomic structures. MIP was superior for visualization of the pulmonary arteries (p < 0.05) while central and peripheral bronchi and the lung parenchyma were better depicted on multiplanar reconstructions. A confident diagnosis of thoracic pathology was feasible using both modalities, however MIPs appeared less usefull for evaluation of gross parenchymal abnormalities, such as pneumonic infiltrates or fibrotic changes. No significant difference in the degree of motion artifacts were detected between both modalities. CONCLUSION: MSCT data sets are ideally suited for generating MPR and MIP reconstructions. While MIPs are superior for the evaluation of thoracic vessels, MPR is advantageous for visualizing central and peripheral bronchi and the pulmonary parenchyma.     

Computerized analysis of lesions in US images of the breast

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Breast sonography is not routinely used to distinguish benign from malignant solid masses because of considerable overlap in their sonographic appearances. The purpose of this study was to investigate the computerized analyses of breast lesions in ultrasonographic (US) images in order to ultimately aid in the task of discriminating between malignant and benign lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Features related to lesion margin, shape, homogeneity (texture), and posterior acoustic attenuation pattern in US images of the breast were extracted and calculated. The study database contained 184 digitized US images from 58 patients with 78 lesions. Benign lesions were confirmed at biopsy or cyst aspiration or with image interpretation alone; malignant lesions were confirmed at biopsy. Performance of the various individual features and output from linear discriminant analysis in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions was studied by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: At ROC analysis, the feature characterizing the margin yielded Az values (area under the ROC curve) of 0.85 and 0.75 in distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions for the entire database and for an "equivocal" database, respectively. The equivocal database contained lesions that had been proved to be benign or malignant at cyst aspiration or biopsy. Linear discriminant analysis round-robin runs yielded Az values of 0.94 and 0.87 in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions for the entire database and for the equivocal database, respectively. CONCLUSION: Computerized analysis of US images has the potential to increase the specificity of breast sonography.     

Pathological excretion patterns of urinary proteins in renal cell cancer patients exposed to trichloroethylene

A study was carried out to investigate urinary protein excretion patterns by means of SDS-polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in renal cell cancer patients who had previously been exposed to high levels of trichloroethylene. Thirty-eight out of 41 (93%) renal cell cancer patients investigated had former extensive trichloroethylene exposure, but only 23 out of 50 (46%) renal cell cancer patients without a history of occupational exposure to trichloroethylene revealed urinary protein patterns indicative of toxic effects on the tubular system. One hundred controls without histories of overt renal disease and not occupationally exposed to trichloroethylene were examined in the same way; only 11 (11%) of them displayed protein excretion patterns indicative of damage to the renal tubule. These results are supported by alpha 1-microglobulin excretion data. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) Substantially more cases of tubular damage are found amongst renal cell carcinoma patients having been exposed to substantial levels of trichloroethylene over many years as compared with renal cell carcinoma patients not exposed to trichloroethylene. (2) The results support the view that chronic tubular damage is a precondition for the nephrocarcinogenic effect of trichloroethylene. (3) The findings indicate that urine protein patterns, on the basis of the SDS-PAGE methodology, represent a 'biological effect parameter' for the medical surveillance of persons occupationally exposed to trichloroethylene.     

含米托蒽醌的联合化疗方案治疗老年急性髓系白血病的临床观察

目的:评价含米托蒽醌的联合化疗方案(HAM) 治疗老年急性髓系白血病(AML) 。方法:比较应用HAM 方案治疗老年AML36 例与标准DA 方案治疗老年AML23 例及HAM 方案治疗中青年AML53 例的治疗效果。结果:(1)HAM 方案治疗老年AML 与DA 方案比较两者CR 率无显著性差异,但HAM 方案可使患者缓解迅速且中位缓解期较DA 方案长;(2)HAM 方案治疗老年AML 较年轻患者CR 率低且缓解期短;(3) 米托蒽醌主要毒性作用为骨髓抑制HAM 方案诱导相关死亡率并无增高。结论:HAM 方案可作为老年AML 的一种较好的治疗方案。     

白内障超声乳化,玻璃体切除及人工晶体植入联合手术的疗效

目的：探讨白内障超乳化摘除,睫状体平坦部下班体切割及人工晶体囊袋内植入联合手术的疗效及安全性。方法：对玻璃体视网膜病普合并白内障１８例（１８眼）施行该联合手术。其中糖尿病性视网膜病变,玻璃体出血伴白内障１０例;视网膜分枝静脉阻塞,玻璃体出血伴白内障４例;视网膜静脉周围炎,玻璃体出血伴白内障３例及特发性视网膜１例,术后随访２～１３个月（平均９月）。结果：术后视力均有不同程度提高。１２眼（６７％）术后     

Clinical side and adverse effects of antidepressant drugs (author's transl)]

Cases of extrapyramidal-motoric and psychologic side effects are reported when treatment with antidepressant drugs was performed. They have not been mentioned in the literature before. Hypokinetic disorders of speech and motion, tonic-atonic disturbances, dyskinesia and myoclonic muscle contractions are listed. Besides the latter movement disorders, "dreamy state", episodic amnesia ("ictal" amnesia) and amnestic "black out" as transient memory disorders have been observed.