Evaluation of the effects of Er:YAG laser,Nd:YAG laser,and two different desensitizers on dentin permeability: in vitro study

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser, PrevDent nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste plus Repairing Serum Kit (PNH), and NUPRO Sensodyne Prophylaxis Paste with NovaMin (NPP) on dentin permeability reduction. Forty dentin discs obtained from bovine incisors were divided into four study groups: Er:YAG laser-treated (2940 nm; 0.2 W, 80 mJ/pulse, 3 Hz); Nd:YAG laser-treated (1064 nm; 1 W, 10 Hz); PNH-treated; and NPP-treated groups. The quantitative changes in permeability of each dentin disc were measured using a computerized fluid filtration method (CFFM) before and after desensitizer treatments. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon, paired-samples t, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests. The dentin surfaces and tubules were also morphologically detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In all groups, dentin permeability was significantly reduced after the desensitizer and laser treatments (p?<?0.05). Among the groups, we detected a significant difference in only when comparing the Er:YAG laser- and NPP-treated groups (p?=?0.034). SEM analysis revealed physical changes in the dentin surface in all groups. This in vitro study shows that all tested desensitizers and laser treatments reduced dentin permeability. Also, surface changes, such as complete or partial occlusion or shrinkage of dentin tubules, were observed in all groups. Although the laser groups performed best, the PNH protocol can be considered as an alternative therapeutic product. In addition, clinical and laboratory studies should be performed for this product, and their efficacy should be assessed by combined therapy with lasers.     

Two new cases with novel pathogenic variants reflecting the clinical diversity of Schaaf-Yang syndrome

Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SHFYNG) is a rare pleiotropic disorder, characterized by hypotonia, joint contractures, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and developmental delay/intellectual disability. Although it shares some common features with Prader-Willi Syndrome, joint contractures, and ASD were more commonly detected in in this syndrome. Recently, it was shown that truncating variants in the paternal allele of the MAGEL2 gene cause SHFYNG. Here, we present two patients diagnosed with SHFYNG syndrome having two different novel truncating variants in the MAGEL2 gene, one paternally inherited and one de novo. One patient had obesity, brachydactyly and dysmorphic features, and the other patient presented with contractures, severe hypotonia and early death. This is the first report of Turkish SHFYNG syndrome cases presented to emphasize the phenotypic diversity of the syndrome.     

Outcome and Prognostic Factors Seen in Pediatric Oncology Patients Admitted in PICU of a Developing Country

Objective  

To evaluate the outcome and prognostic factors for oncology patients in the PICU of a tertiary care centre in a developing country.     

Sexual experience and risky sexual behaviours of Turkish university students

Objectives  

To determine the sexual experience and risky sexual behaviours of Turkish university students.     

Comparison of composite indices with global synovitis score on ultrasound for detecting remission

Clinical Rheumatology - We aimed to compare composite indices with Ultrasound Global Synovitis Score (GLOESS) for remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA patients in remission according to the...     

Associations Between Father Temperament,Character, Rearing,Psychopathology and Child Temperament in Children Aged 3–6 Years

Temperament refers to the totality of individual characteristics present from birth that determine a child’s unique style of behavior. Maternal personality and attitudes, one of the factors affecting temperament traits in children, is a frequently investigated subject. However, paternal variables have remained insufficiently studied. The purpose of this study is to investigate the associations between the fathers’ temperament, character, attitudes, psychopathology and temperament of the 3–6 years-old children. The parents of 36–60 months-old children in the preschool settings in Samsun were included in the study (n:200). Their mothers completed “Maternal Sociodemographic Form” prepared by the researcher, and the temperament of children “Children Behaviour Questionnare” were scored by the mothers. Their fathers completed “Paternal Sociodemographic Form”, and to assess father psychopathology “Brief Symptom Inventory”, to determine father temperament and character “Temperament and Character Inventory” and to determine attitudes “Parenting Attitudes Scale” were scored by the fathers. In this study, we found several significant associations between children’s temperament and fathers temperament and character, attitudes styles and psychopathology. The scores of paternal harm avoidance increase and self directedness decrease were found to be significantly positivily correlated with negative temperamental charecteristics of the children. The democratic attitudes of fathers were significantly correlated with positive temperamental scores of the children. All domains of paternal psychopathology were found to be in significant association with negative temperamental characteristics of the children. Our findings showed the complex interplay between determinants of parenting. Specifically, this study is one of the first to investigate paternal personality, psychopathology and attitudes, alone and in interaction with preschool child temperament.