Uncooked rice of relatively low gelatinization degree resulted in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice in female college students

Cooking processes that gelatinize granules or disrupt structure might increase the glucose and insulin responses because a disruption of the structure of starch by gelatinization increases its availability for digestion and absorption in the small intestine. We hypothesized that the uncooked form of rice, which has a relatively low degree of gelatinization even though in powder form, would result in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice (CR). To assess the effects of the gelatinization of rice on metabolic response of glucose and insulin, we investigated the glucose and insulin responses to 3 rice meals of different gelatinization degree in female college students (n = 12): CR (76.9% gelatinized), uncooked rice powder (UP; 3.5% gelatinized), and uncooked freeze-dried rice powder (UFP; 5.4% gelatinized). Uncooked rice powders (UP and UFP) induced lower glucose and insulin responses compared with CR. The relatively low gelatinization degree of UPs resulted in low metabolic responses in terms of the glycemic index (CR: 72.4% vs UP: 49.7%, UFP: 59.8%) and insulin index (CR: 94.8% vs UP: 74.4%, UFP: 68.0%). In summary, UPs that were less gelatinized than CR induced low postprandial glucose and insulin responses.     

洁净手术室的特色设计

文中介绍了我院洁净手术室的三点特色设计,该设计经过两年的使用得到了手术室医务人员的肯定.     

Biphasic Dose Response in Low Level Light Therapy

The use of low levels of visible or near infrared light for reducing pain, inflammation and edema, promoting healing of wounds, deeper tissues and nerves, and preventing cell death and tissue damage has been known for over forty years since the invention of lasers. Despite many reports of positive findings from experiments conducted in vitro, in animal models and in randomized controlled clinical trials, LLLT remains controversial in mainstream medicine. The biochemical mechanisms underlying the positive effects are incompletely understood, and the complexity of rationally choosing amongst a large number of illumination parameters such as wavelength, fluence, power density, pulse structure and treatment timing has led to the publication of a number of negative studies as well as many positive ones. A biphasic dose response has been frequently observed where low levels of light have a much better effect on stimulating and repairing tissues than higher levels of light. The so-called Arndt-Schulz curve is frequently used to describe this biphasic dose response. This review will cover the molecular and cellular mechanisms in LLLT, and describe some of our recent results in vitro and in vivo that provide scientific explanations for this biphasic dose response.     

股骨干骨折交锁髓内针内固定术后局部出现骨化性肌炎5例

股骨干骨折交锁髓内针固定术后局部出现骨化性肌炎(Myositis ossificans)鲜有报道,我科自2003年1月-2005年9月共发生5例,报告如下。1临床资料切开复位交锁髓内针内固定治疗股骨干骨折患者61例,术后均放置引流管(24～72h拔管)。术后发生局部骨化性肌炎的5例,均为男性,年龄22～46     

自固化磷酸钙人工骨修复骨缺损的临床应用

目的:探讨自固化磷酸钙人工骨(CPC)填充修复骨缺损的临床效果。方法:骨缺损94例,男59例,女35例;年龄11~72岁,平均39.4岁。骨缺损部位:胸腰椎38例,跟骨25例,胫骨15例,股骨7例,肱骨近端3例,桡骨远端5例,近节指骨1例。骨缺损原因:骨折塌陷复位后骨缺损63例,骨髓炎20例,骨囊肿6例,骨纤维异常增殖症4例,内生软骨瘤1例。骨缺损范围为1cm×1cm~4cm×20cm,用CPC填充修复,CPC充填量为3~42g,其中单纯CPC填充修复74例(胸腰椎骨折行椎体成形38例,骨折复位后空腔充填25例,良性骨肿瘤病灶刮除后充填11例),载药CPC填充修复骨髓炎20例。结果:所有患者均获随访,随访时间14~48个月,平均29.6个月。全部患者术后未见过敏或毒性反应,无皮疹或高热,血钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶均正常,切口无瘙痒感。随访时X线片显示,植入CPC与宿主骨接触紧密,界面处未见间隙存在,骨缺损处的解剖形状完全或大部分恢复,未见脱落现象,随访时部分患者CPC部分降解成骨。9例发生术后伤口渗出,为淡黄色清亮稀薄分泌物,细菌培养阴性,经换药后伤口愈合良好。结论:CPC填充修复骨缺损安全有效,并发症少,是理想的骨替代品,载药CPC是治疗骨髓炎的理想方法。     

家兔阴茎皮肤感觉脊神经来源的电生理研究

目的:探讨家兔阴茎感觉神经来源。方法:健康成年雄性新西兰白兔12只,随机均分为两组:每组6只,A组在左侧脊神经上记录,B组在右侧脊神经上记录。对家兔阴茎施加不同大小的机械刺激,用神经单纤维记录技术,在同侧S1~S4脊神经上记录单纤维放电。结果:通过对家兔阴茎施加各种不同机械刺激,在同侧S2~S3脊神经上能记录到放电,S1、S4脊神经上未能记录到放电。左侧脊神经放电纤维数量分别为:S2:39.67±3.14,S3:21.00±2.19;右侧脊神经放电纤维数量分别为:S2:40.00±3.16,S3:19.67±2.58,左右侧差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:家兔阴茎皮肤感觉来源于S2~S3脊神经。     

男性青少年性腺功能减退症患者短期雄激素替代治疗对血脂和hsCRP水平的影响

目的 探讨性腺功能低减的青少年男性，短期雄激素替代治疗对血脂和超敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）的影响。方法 本研究为前瞻性自身对照研究，共纳入33例性腺功能减退青少年男性。行短期（9个月）雄激素替代治疗，比较治疗前后血睾酮水平、第二性征发育程度、身高、握力、血红蛋白、血脂和hsCRP的差异。结果 （1）替代治疗后，睾酮水平明显升高，第二性征明显发育，身高、握力、血红蛋白显著增加（P值均〈0.05）；（2）短期雄激素替代治疗后，总胆固醇（TC），低密度脂蛋白（LDL-c），高密度脂蛋白（HDL-c）和甘油三酯（TG）部有所下降，但无统计学差异（P〉0．5）。超敏CRP显著下降（P=0.025）。结论 （1）性腺功能低减的青少年男性，短期雄激素替代治疗，可以促进第二性征发育，增加身高、握力和血红蛋白；（2）短期雄激素替代治疗，对血脂无显著性影响。但是，可以使hsCRP明显下降。     

Rationale,design, and protocol for the prevention of low back pain in the military (POLM) trial (NCT00373009)

Background  

There are few effective strategies reported for the primary prevention of low back pain (LBP). Core stabilization exercises targeting the deep abdominal and trunk musculature and psychosocial education programs addressing patient beliefs and coping styles represent the current best evidence for secondary prevention of low back pain. However, these programs have not been widely tested to determine if they are effective at preventing the primary onset and/or severity of LBP. The purpose of this cluster randomized clinical trial is to determine if a combined core stabilization exercise and education program is effective in preventing the onset and/or severity of LBP. The effect of the combined program will be compared to three other standard programs.     

两种单静脉法与传统Amplatzer法治疗动脉导管未闭

目的探讨两种单静脉入路法和动静脉双入路法治疗PDA各自的优缺点及最佳适应症,为PDA患者选择合理介入治疗方法提供依据。方法103例PDA患者经三种不同介入方法治疗,其中单静脉入路超声法37例,单静脉入路造影法14例,动静脉双入路法52例。PDA的位置、形态、大小经不同方法观察,单静脉超声法经超声观察,单静脉造影法在PDA内或降主动脉近PDA口外造影观察,动静脉双入路在主动脉弓降部侧位造影观察。选择合适型号的Amplatzer伞经股静脉建立的轨道进行封堵。术后15 min经胸超声及心脏听诊判断有无分流。术前、术后均行血流动力学测定,术后3 d、1个月复查超声心动图,观察大动脉水平有无分流及动脉导管未闭再通。结果103例患者全部一次封堵成功,技术成功率100%。术中操作平均透视时间(10.45±4.35)min,心导管检查测肺动脉收缩压由术前轻度增高[(33.2±3.11)mmHg]降为正常[(22.03±5.3)mmHg]。术后即刻所有患者心前区双期连续性杂音消失,术后无残余分流,无任何并发症发生,随访1个月未发生动脉水平分流及动脉导管再通。结论单静脉入路Amplatzer封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭简化了手术程序,不用或减少造影剂用量,缩短了操作透视时间,手术成功率高,疗效可靠,值得推广应用。