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31.
A field evaluation of a new area repellent system, Thermacell Mosquito Repellent (TMR, cis-trans allethrin), was conducted against phlebotomine sand flies and mosquitoes in Cunpolat village, Sanliurfa Province, in southeastern Anatolia, Turkey, an area historically endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis and high sand fly populations. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy, duration of protection, and spatial characteristics of protection (downwind distance from point of release), of the TMR. Twelve adult volunteers (nine in the treatment and three controls) made collections from ankle to knee for 25 min every hour from 2100 to 0300 on six consecutive nights in August 2002. Treatment consisted of placing a TMR unit at the middle of the village and then placing human bait collectors at 2.3, 4.6, and 7.6 m away from the repellent unit. Results from the field tests showed highly significant protection provided by the TMR from attack by Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) (P < 0.001) and Ochlerotatus caspius (Pallas) (P < 0.001) for up to 4 h postapplication. In the six nights that tests were done, a total of 949 sand flies and 1095 mosquitoes were collected from the untreated control sites. Only 86 sand flies and 83 mosquitoes were collected at all distances from the places treated with TMR. These results indicated that reduction in sand fly and mosquito biting rates in treated groups ranged from 87.5 to 97.7% (mean protection 92%) and 90.2-97.4% (mean protection 93%), respectively. The percentage reduction values were maintained above 90.0% for 6 h of the assessment period. Overall, the number of bites by the cutaneous leishmaniasis vector Ph. papatasi and also Oc. caspius was reduced > 11-fold and 13-fold, respectively, by the TMR. 相似文献
32.
Yusuf E. Karakullukçu Tayfun Özçelik Nuran Gökhan 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1987,410(6):657-663
Reperfusion of hearts with a Ca2+-containing medium after a perfusion period in Ca2+-free medium results in irreversible cell damage (calcium paradox). In this investigation we have studied coronary flow and cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels after several periods of Ca2+-free perfusion in isolated rat hearts. We also investigated the effects of papaverine (Pap), noradrenaline (NA), acetylcholine (ACh) and absence of inorganic phosphate during Ca2+-free perfusion on coronary flow (CF) and cyclic nucleotide levels. Inability of the heart to recover contractile activity with development of contracture during the reperfusion period was accepted as indicative of the calcium paradox. Ca2+-free perfusion alone and NA and absence of inorganic phosphate during the Ca2+-free perfusion period increased CF, whereas Pap and ACh decreased it. However, only Ca2+-free perfusion and NA elevated cyclic AMP. On the other hand, Pap and ACh increased cyclic GMP (with a transient rise of cyclic AMP in Pap infusion), and absence of inorganic phosphate decreased both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. Pap, ACh and absence of phosphate prevented the calcium paradox. Our study suggests that increased cyclic AMP during the Ca2+-free perfusion may contribute, with the other factors, to the occurrence of the calcium paradox. 相似文献
33.
Raci Karayigit Alireza Naderi Firat Akca Carlos Janssen Gomes da Cruz Amir Sarshin Burak Caglar Yasli Gulfem Ersoz Mojtaba Kaviani 《Nutrients》2021,13(1)
Caffeine is widely consumed among elite athletes for its well-known ergogenic properties, and its ability to increase exercise performance. However, studies to date have predominantly focused on the anhydrous form of caffeine in male participants. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of caffeinated coffee ingestion on lower-upper body muscular endurance, cognitive performance, and heart rate variability (HRV) in female athletes. A total of 17 participants (mean ± standard deviation (SD): age = 23 ± 2 years, body mass = 64 ± 4 kg, height = 168 ± 3 cm) in a randomized cross-over design completed three testing sessions, following the ingestion of 3 mg/kg/bm of caffeine (3COF), 6 mg/kg/bm of caffeine (6COF) provided from coffee or decaffeinated coffee (PLA) in 600 mL of hot water. The testing results included: (1) repetition number for muscular endurance performance; (2): reaction time and response accuracy for cognitive performance; (3): HRV parameters, such as standard deviation of normal-to-normal (NN) intervals (SDNN), standard deviation of successive differences (SDSD), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), total power (TP), the ratio of low- and high-frequency powers (LF/HF), high-frequency power (HF), normalized HF (HFnu), low-frequency power (LF), and normalized LF (LFnu). A one-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed that 3COF (p = 0.024) and 6COF (p = 0.036) improved lower body muscular endurance in the first set as well as cognitive performance (p = 0.025, p = 0.035 in the post-test, respectively) compared to PLA. However, no differences were detected between trials for upper body muscular endurance (p = 0.07). Lastly, all HRV parameters did not change between trials (p > 0.05). In conclusion, ingesting caffeinated coffee improved lower body muscular endurance and cognitive performance, while not adversely affecting cardiac autonomic function. 相似文献
34.
Mehmet Celik Yusuf Yilmaz Muzaffer Kahyaoglu Ayhan Kup Yusuf Bilen Regaip Zehir 《Journal of cardiac surgery》2021,36(1):336-338
Right ventricular (RV) perforation is a rare but life‐threatening complication of pericardiocentesis and is usually treated surgically. We presented a case of RV free wall perforation, which occurred during pericardiocentesis and tried to be closed percutaneously with the Amplatzer vascular plug‐III (AVP‐III) device. The occluder device sealed the perforation, but it was in an insecure position; therefore, the patient underwent surgical repair. As an AVP‐III device, with a middle disk thicker than the RV myocardium, it may cause the RV myocardium to stretch outwards, so it should not be used for the treatment of RV perforation by the transcatheter way. 相似文献
35.
36.
Yusuf A 《Journal of healthcare resource management》1997,15(5):28-31
Before 1989 seismic upgrading of hospital structures was not a primary consideration among hospital owners. However, after extensive earthquake damage to hospital buildings at Loma Prieta in Northern California in 1989 and then at Northridge in Southern California in 1994, hospital owners, legislators, and design teams become concerned about the need for seismic upgrading of existing facilities. Because the damage hospital structures sustained in the earthquakes was so severe and far-reaching, California has enacted laws that mandate seismic upgrading for existing facilities. Now hospital owners will have to upgrade buildings that do not conform to statewide seismic adequacy laws. By 2030, California expects all of its hospital structures to be sufficiently seismic-resistant. Slowly, regions in the Midwest and on the East Coast are following their example. This article outlines reasons and ways for seismic upgrading of existing facilities. 相似文献
37.
RID=" ID=" <E5>Correspondence to:</E5> Y. Akgun, M.D. 相似文献
38.
Yusuf A Al-Rawithi S Raines D Frayha H Toonsi TA Al-Mohsen I E-Yazigi A 《Therapeutic drug monitoring》1999,21(6):647-652
The authors describe a simplified high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of gentamicin sulfate (GEN) in microsamples of plasma using 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC) as a derivatizing agent and neomycin sulfate as the internal standard (IS). The drug and IS were separated on a 4 microm (particle size), 8 x 100 mm Nova-Pak C18 radial compression cartridge using a mixture of 84.5% acetonitrile and 15.5% water at a flow rate of 2.5 mL/min. The compounds were detected fluorometrically in the effluent at excitation and emission wavelengths of 260 nm and 315 nm, respectively. Sample preparation was performed on 50 microL of plasma using a simple liquid-liquid extraction followed by a room-temperature derivatization procedure. No interference from any endogenous substance or concurrently used drug was observed, and the retention times of the IS and three major components of GEN were 12.4, 19.5, 23.6, and 27.6 min, respectively. The concentration of the GEN in plasma for the range of 0.2-20.0 microg/mL was linearly (r > .997) related to the peak height ratio of the sum of the three major GEN peaks to that of the IS, with CV value at 0.3, 7.5, and 15 microg/mL being <3.61%. A comparison of the results from this assay versus fluorescence polarization immunoassay (TDx) showed a close agreement between the two methods with r = 0.994. This assay is currently being used to monitor GEN and investigate its pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients. 相似文献
39.
Yusuf HK Quazi S Kahn MR Mohiduzzaman M Nahar B Rahman MM Islam MN Khan MA Shahidullah M Hoque T Baquer M Pandav CS 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1996,63(1):105-110
An extensive iodine deficiency disorders survery was conducted in Bangladesh in 1993 to assess the latest iodine nutriture
status of the country. The clinical variables of the survey were goitre and cretinism, and the biochemical variable was urinary
iodine. The “EPI-30 cluster” sampling methodology was followed for selecting the survey sites. In each survey site, the study
population consisted of boys and girls, aged 5–11 years, and men and women, aged 15–44 years, in about equal populations.
the total number of survey sites was 78 and the total number of respondents was 30 072. The total number of urine samples
was 4512 (15% sub-sample). The current total goitre rate (grade 1+grade 2) in Bangladesh is 47.1% (hilly, 44.4%; flood-prone,
50.7%; and plains, 45.6%). The prevalence of cretinism in the country is 0.5% (hilly, 0.8%; flood-prone, 0.5%; and plains,
0.3%). Nearly 69% of Bangladeshi population have biochemical iodine deficiency (urinary iodine excretion [UIE]<10 mg/dl) (hilly,
84.4; flood-prone, 67.1%; and plains 60.4%). Women and children are more affected than men, in terms of both goitre prevalence
and UIE. The widespread severe iodine deficiency in all ecological zones indicates that the country as a whole is an iodine-deficient
region. Important recommendations of global interest are made from the experience of the survey.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
40.
H L Keskin E Aktepe Keskin A F Avsar M Tabuk G S Caglar 《International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics》2003,82(1):11-16
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of tramadol and pethidine in labor. METHOD: Fifty-nine full term parturients were randomly assigned to one of two groups in active labor. Group 1 received 100 mg pethidine; group 2, 100 mg tramadol, intramuscularly. Analgesic efficacy, maternal side effects, changes in the blood pressure, heart rate, and duration of labor were assessed. RESULT: At 30 and 60 min after drug administration, pain relief was greater in the pethidine group than in tramadol group. The incidence of nausea and fatigue was higher in the tramadol group. Following drug administration the decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the increase in heart rate were statistically significant in both groups. No significant difference was found between the groups when compared for duration of labor and Apgar scores. None of the neonates developed respiratory depression. CONCLUSION: Pethidine seems to be a better alternative than tramadol in obstetric analgesia because of its superiority in analgesic efficacy and low incidence of maternal side effects. 相似文献