男性膀胱颈挛缩32例临床分析

目的：总结对男性膀胱颈挛缩的诊治体会,方法：分析32例男性膀胱颈挛缩的临床特征及诊断要点,评价经膀胱切除颈部狭窄纤维环及前列腺的手术疗效,结果：术后平均尿流率及最大尿流率与术前比较均有显著性提高（P＜0．01）,随访3－12个月,临床症状消失,排尿满意,结论：男性膀胱颈挛缩要注意与前列腺增生症相鉴别,其中行膛胱镜检查是重要的鉴别手段。经膀胱切除颈部狭窄纤维环及前列腺是疗效可靠的治疗方法。     

射频消融治疗室上性心动过速13例报道

目的 :推广应用射频消融治疗快速心律失常。方法 :穿剌动静脉 ,置入刺激和消融电极 ,经多导电生理仪明确消融靶点 ,在局部引入射频电流 ,破坏折返路径。结果 :经电生理检查诊断为室上性心动过速12例 ,特发性室性心动过速1例 ,在20～40W射频功率下经5～200s的放电消融 ,13例均获得成功(成功率100 %)。结论 :射频消融术是治疗室性心动过速 ,室上性心动过速的有效方法 ,且创伤小 ,安全可靠 ,有较高的推广价值     

散发性戊型肝炎和散发性甲型肝炎临床比较

目的：了解散发性戊型肝炎（ＨＥ）和散发性甲型肝炎（ＨＡ）的差别。方法：对４２例ＨＥ和７０例ＨＡ的临床资料进行比较。结果：ＨＥ与ＨＡ相比,其发病年龄以青壮年为主（Ｐ〈０．０１）血清总胆红素（ＴＢｉｌ）、谷丙转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）、谷草转氨酶（ＡＳＴ）水平高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,黄疸持续时间及住院时间长（Ｐ〈０．０１）,重型肝炎发生率高（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：ＨＥ未成年患者发病少见,肝细胞损害较ＨＡ明显,预后差     

CR假体与PS假体全膝关节置换治疗膝骨性关节炎合并膝外翻畸形的疗效分析

目的 比较后交叉韧带保留型（CR）假体与后方稳定型（PS）假体行人工全膝关节置换术（TKA）治疗膝骨性关节炎合并膝外翻畸形的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析南昌大学附属赣州医院关节外科2019年5月至2021年5月收治的60例（60膝）膝骨性关节炎合并膝外翻畸形患者资料,均为单侧置换。30例采用CR假体行TKA治疗（CR组）,30例采用PS假体行TKA治疗（PS组）。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量、术后3 d血红蛋白（Hb）下降量及深静脉血栓发生情况;比较两组患者手术前后膝外翻角;比较两组患者术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月、1年疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、膝关节活动度（ROM）、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分（HSS）。结果 60例患者均顺利完成TKA手术,所有患者随访13 ～ 28个月,平均（18.51±0.90）个月。CR组术中出血量、术后引流量、术后3 d的Hb下降量较PS组减少（P＜0.05）;两组手术时间相当、术后均无深静脉血栓发生,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;两组手术前后膝外翻角的比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;CR组术后1周、1个月VAS评分较PS组更低（P＜0.05）,两组术后3个月、6月、1年VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;CR组术后1周、1个月、3个月膝关节ROM和HSS评分优于PS组（P＜0.05）,两组术后6个月、1年膝关节ROM和HSS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 采用CR或PS假体行TKA手术治疗膝骨性关节炎合并膝外翻畸形均可有效纠正膝关节畸形、减轻膝关节疼痛、改善膝关节活动度及功能,取得满意临床疗效;但相对PS假体,CR假体保留了后交叉韧带,减少了股骨髁部截骨量,从而减少手术出血,更好减轻早期术后疼痛,有助于TKA术后早期功能康复。     

关于大肠癌内分泌细胞及其分泌激素意义的研究

目的了解内分泌型癌细胞（ＥＣ）及其分泌的部分激素在大肠癌中的表达,探讨其与大肠癌临床病理及预后的关系。方法应用免疫组化法对１１７例大肠癌中嗜铬蛋白Ａ（ＣＧＡ）及５种激素进行检测,其中１３例行电镜观察。结果４６例（３９．３％）含有ＣＧＡ阳性细胞（即ＥＣ）,其中３９例中２７例（６９．２％）检测到１种以上激素,ＥＣ阳性组淋巴结转移的发生率（６３．０％）高于阴性组（３９．４％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）,中低分化癌组ＥＣ（＋＋）的表达率（２５．５％）明显高于高分化癌组（６．９％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）,含ＥＣ的大肠癌生存期短,是评估预后的一个独立因子。激素５－ＨＴ、β－ＨＣＧ、ＧＬＵ、ＧＡＳＴ阳性的癌组织,分化及预后较差（Ｐ＞０．０５）。电镜观察与免疫组化检测大肠癌ＥＣ符合率达９２．３％。结论部分大肠癌中含分泌某些激素的ＥＣ,ＥＣ阳性的大肠癌组织分化差,易发生淋巴结转移,预后不良,可能与ＥＣ中某些激素产物促进肿瘤生长转移有关。     

B超对肺癌急症的诊断及疗效评估

目的评价Ｂ超对肺癌急症的快速鉴别诊断价值。方法应用Ｂ超诊断肺癌急症３５例,其中有中央型右上肺癌肿块压迫引起的上腔静脉综合征（ＳＶＣ）５例,探查取胸骨右缘第２、３肋间;中大量心包积液伴亚急性心包填塞症１０例,包括心肌与心包转移癌致急性出血性心包积液２例,探查取心前区及左腋前线第５、６肋间;恶性胸腔大量积液２０例,探查位于两侧背部膈上。介入性治疗,Ｂ超定位穿刺抽液并腔内注入中药榄香烯乳,配合临床化疗药物、输血等综合治疗。结果在４周内急症得到暂时缓解者占８２．８％,稳定占８．５％,无效占８．５％。结论简便、可重复性的超声诊断及时、可靠,并可提供疗效参考依据,证实榄香烯乳对控制急性心肌心包出血有特效,起乳剂微栓止血作用。对部分包裹性胸腔积液无效。Ｂ超对ＳＶＣ诊断有一定局限性。     

Bcl-2 gene prevents apoptosis in murine acth-secreting adenoma cells induced by bromocriptine

Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, is now an accepted primary therapeutic agent for patients with prolactinomas and other pituitary adenomas. However, the mechanism by which bromocriptine decreases elevated serum levels of prolactin or growth hormone and shrinks tumors by diminishing tumor cell size is not clear. Recently, we obtained bromocriptine induced apoptosis in murine ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma (AtT-20) cells, based on DNA fragmentation assay and cell cycle analysis (unpublished data). In this study, we demonstrate that enforced expression of bcl-2 gene in AtT-20 cells by the MPZenNeo(bcl-2) retroviral gene transfer increased resistance to apoptosis induced by bromocriptine.     

A simple test of the vicarious trial-and-error hypothesis of hippocampal function.

Vicarious trial-and-error (VTE) is a term that Muenzinger and Tolman used to describe the rat's conflict-like behavior before responding to choice. Recently, VTE was proposed as a mechanism alternative to the concept of "cognitive map" in accounts of hippocampal function. That is, many phenomena of impaired learning and memory related to hippocampal interventions may be explained by behavioral first principles: reduced conflicting, incipient, pre-choice tendencies to approach and avoid. The nonspatial black-white discrimination learning and VTE behavior of the rat were investigated. Hippocampal-lesioned and sham-lesioned animals were trained for 25 days (20 trials per day) starting at 60 days of age. Each movement of the head from one discriminative stimulus to the other was counted as a VTE instance. Lesioned rats had fewer VTEs than sham controls, and the former learned much more slowly or never learned. After learning, VTE frequency declined. Male and female rats showed no significant differences in VTE behavior or discrimination learning.     

Evidence that BKCa channel activation contributes to K+ channel opener induced relaxation of the porcine coronary artery

The rank order of potency of a series of benzopyran and cyanoguanidine K⁺ channel openers (KCOs) for causing relaxation of the PGF₂-precontracted porcine coronary artery was determined. Glyburide, an inhibitor of K_ATP channels, showed an apparent competitive inhibition of the vasorelaxant activity of the KCOs. The pA₂ values of glyburide when cromakalim and CGP 14877 (P1060) were used as vasorelaxants were 7.66 and 7.83, respectively. Charybdotoxin (40 nM), an inhibitor of BK_Ca channels, also caused a significant inhibition of the cromakalim mediated relaxation of the porcine coronary artery. In order to clarify the site of action of these KCOs, we identified a K⁺ channel current in single porcine coronary arterial cells and measured channel activity in the presence of these compounds. The prominent K⁺ ion current in these cells had characteristics typical of the conventional large Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channel BK_Ca present in other smooth muscle cells. Using symmetrical K⁺ concentrations, the channel had a conductance of 214 pS and was found to be sensitive to [Ca²⁺]_i and membrane potential. The KCOs were found to reversibly increase the open probability (P_o) of the channel without changing channel conductance. The potency of the KCOs to increase K⁺ channel opening was similar to the potency of these compounds to cause coronary artery relaxation. These results indicate that the porcine coronary artery contains the BK_Ca channel and that this channel, along with other types of K⁺ channels (K_ATP), mediate the vasorelaxant effects of K⁺ channel openers.     

Antibiotic C3368-A,a fungus-derived nucleoside transport inhibitor,potentiates the activity of antitumor drugs

Antibiotic C3368-A (CA) is produced by a fungus strain from a soil sample collected in Antarctica. CA markedly inhibited radiolabeled thymidine and uridine transport in mouse Ehrlich carcinoma cells, its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) being 4.6 and 7.7 M, respectively. In clonogenic assay, CA displayed a synergistic effect with methotrexate (MTX), mitomycin C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5FU), and Adriamycin (ADR) against human oral epidermoid carcinoma KB cells. CA also markedly enhanced the inhibitory effect of 5FU and ADR on the proliferation of human hepatoma BEL-7402 cells as determined by thep-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl--d-glucosaminide (NAG) enzyme-reaction assay. 5FU or ADR cytotoxicity was not augmented by CA in human fetal lung 2BS cells. In vivo, CA significantly potentiated the inhibitory effect of MMC against colon carcinoma 26 in mice. No significant augmentation of toxicity by the combination was found in treated mice. The results suggest that CA, the newly found nucleoside-tranport inhibitor, may be useful in potentiation of the effect of antitumor drugs.