糖尿病患者超声乳化白内障吸除手术的临床观察

目的:探讨糖尿病患者进行超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入手术的临床效果。方法:50例(61只眼)糖尿病患者(设为A组)和同期163例(174只眼)血糖正常患者(设为B组)接受超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入手术。糖尿病患者手术前通过饮食疗法、口服药物或肌注胰岛素治疗,使空腹血糖降到 10mmol/L以下。术后随访 1～28个月(平均 8.6个月),复查视力、裂隙灯及眼底检查。结果:术后矫正视力≥0.5者,A组为77.1%;B组为80.5%。两组经统计学处理差异无显著性(P>0.05)。两组术中出现后囊破裂及术后发生角膜水肿和前房渗出等并发症的差异无显著性(P>0.05 )。结论:糖尿病患者进行超声乳化白内障吸除手术前只要有效控制血糖,其手术效果与对照组患者相同。但术后血糖的控制仍然十分重要。眼科学报2003;19:98-100。     

Liposome-mediated transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor cDNA augments survival of random-pattern skin flaps in the rat.

Tissue engineering is an application for gene therapy that is in its infancy. We show that simple liposomal-mediated gene transfer could result in a potentially useful biological effect in the field of wound healing. cDNA encoding the 165 amino acid form of vascular endothelial growth factor complexed to commercially available liposomes was injected into rat skin 1 week before raising a random pattern 3 x 10 cm flap. The flap survival was enhanced by 14 percent, and was accomplished without accessing the arterial inflow of the territory. These results were statistically significant (p<0.002) and reproducible. No adverse effects were seen. Histological analysis of the angiogenesis localized much of the new vessel formation to the area around the hair follicles. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of extracted flap tissue confirmed the presence of the transgene.     

静脉注射美托洛尔、地尔硫卓治疗快速心房纤颤的临床疗效观察

目的:观察美托洛尔注射液和地尔硫卓注射液治疗快速房颤的有效性和安全性。方法:105例符合入选标准的快速房颤患者被随机分为3组,美托洛尔组39例:5mg美托洛尔缓慢静脉注射,观察5min,如无效重复一次,连续用药3次,总量15mg;地尔硫卓35例:地尔硫卓15mg稀释后静脉注射,观察15min,如无效重复1次,继以15mg/h维持。西地兰组31例:西地兰0.2～0.4mg稀释后静脉注射,观察10min,如无效追加0.2～0.4mg,连续用药3次;总量0.6～1.0mg。记录用药前、后心室率和血压变化,并比较在各观察时间点上的有效率。结果:与西地兰相比,美托洛尔和地尔硫卓起效更快[(36.9±11.6)min∶(8.2±4.5)min∶(9.1±3.8)min,P<0.05],心室率下降幅度更明显(25.22%∶33.32%∶37.50%,P<0.05),治疗有效率更高(71.0%∶89.7%∶91.4%,P<0.05)。而美托洛尔组和地尔硫卓组之间无显著性差异。三组均无严重不良反应发生。结论:美托洛尔注射液和地尔硫卓注射液均能快速、安全、有效控制快速房颤的心室率。     

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂抑制骨髓瘤细胞的增殖及Rac1的表达

目的:观察酪氨酸激酶抑制剂STI571对骨髓瘤细胞系RPMI8226细胞增殖、细胞周期以及Rac1 mRNA表达的影响。方法:采用MTT法检测STI571对骨髓瘤细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞仪检测对细胞周期的影响;半定量RT-PCR研究Rac1mRNA水平的变化。结果:STI571明显抑制RPMI8226细胞的增殖,24、48、72 h IC50值分别为(34.52±2.31)μmol/L、(28.46±1.58)μmol/L、(25.74±2.44)μmol/L。25μmol/L STI571处理24 h,G1期细胞由55.8%增加至72.4%,S期细胞由34.8%减至15.6%。半定量RT-PCR显示,Rac1 mRNA水平在25μmol/L STI571处理24 h后明显下降。结论:STI571能抑制RPMI8226细胞的增殖,并可下调其Rac1 mRNA水平。     

Interleukin 17-Producing γδT Cells Increased in Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Although it has been known that y8 T cells may play an important role in the immune response to infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the mechanisms by which the T8 T cells participate in the innate and/or acquired immunity to tuberculosis (TB) have not been full elucidated. In the present study, 27 patients with active pulmonary TB and 16 healthy donors (HD) were performed. We found that proportion of IL-17-producing cells among lymphocyte was similar between TB patients and HD, whereas the proportions of γδ T cells in IL-17- producing cells (59.2%) and IL-17-producing cells in γδ T cells (19.4%) in peripheral blood were markedly increased in TB patients when compared to those in HD (43.9% and 7.7%, respectively). In addition, the proportions of IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells in TB patients were obviously lower than that in HD. Upon re-stimulated with M. tb heat-treated antigen (M. tb-HAg) in vitro, fewer IL-17-producing γδ T cells were generated from HD and TB patients, whereas IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells were increased in TB patients compared to that in HD. Our findings in TB patients and healthy human were consistent with other murine investigation that the IL-17- producing γδ T cells were main source of IL-17 in mouse model of BCG infection, suggesting that γδ T cells might be involved in the formation of tubercular granuloma in pulmonary TB patients, but need further identification. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2008;5(3):203-208.     

超声造影诊断肝孤立性坏死结节的价值

目的:探讨超声造影诊断肝孤立性坏死结节的价值。材料和方法:回顾分析了12例肝孤立性坏死结节的超声造影表现。结果:12例病灶造影动脉期、门脉期、实质期均无增强,呈边界清晰的造影剂充盈缺损区。结论:超声造影对诊断肝孤立性坏死结节具有较高的价值。目的:探讨超声造影诊断肝孤立性坏死结节的价值。材料和方法:回顾分析了12例肝孤立性坏死结节的超声造影表现。结果:12例病灶造影动脉期、门脉期、实质期均无增强,呈边界清晰的造影剂充盈缺损区。结论:超声造影对诊断肝孤立性坏死结节具有较高的价值。     

In vivo Regulation of Prolactin Gene Expression in the Male Rat: Role of Sex Steroids and Dopamine

The influence of sex steroids and the dopaminergic system on the in vivo modulation of prolactin (PRL) mRNA levels was investigated by quantitative in situ hybridization in the male rat anterior pituitary gland. In situ hybridization was performed using a [³⁵S]-labeled cDNA probe encoding PRL. Orchiectomy performed 14 days earlier did not modify PRL mRNA levels. In orchiectomized rats treatment with the dopaminergic agonist bromocriptine for 14 days decreased PRL mRNA levels by 30%, while in intact animals the same treatment did not induce any changes in PRL mRNA levels. Administration of the dopamine D₂ receptor antagonist haloperidol in both intact and orchiectomized rats induced a 4-fold increase in mRNA levels. Administration of dihydrotestosterone to orchiectomized animals which had been treated or not with haloperidol or bromocriptine did not modify PRL mRNA levels. In orchiectomized animals administration of 17ß-estradiol (0.25 μg twice daily) for 14 days caused a 4-fold increase in amounts of PRL mRNA. Administration of bromocriptine to 17ß-estradiol-treated animals induced a 15% decrease of PRL mRNA levels compared to those obtained by 17ß-estradiol administered alone. The concomitant administration of 17ß-estradiol and haloperidol resulted in a 50% increase in PRL mRNA levels compared to those measured in animals treated with haloperidol alone. The present results clearly demonstrate that in vivo estrogen as well as dopamine-mediated mechanisms play a regulatory role in PRL mRNA levels in the male rat.     

前列腺癌中PIM-1的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨PIM-1在前列腺癌中的表达及临床意义。方法 逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）半定量分析2例良性前列腺增生（BPH）和5例前列腺癌（PCa）组织标本中PIM-1mRNA表达，免疫组织化学法检测20例BPH、20例高分级前列腺上皮内瘤（HGPIN）和42例PCa组织标本中PIM-1蛋白表达水平，染色结果分为阴性、弱阳性、阳性和强阳性。结果 5例PCa组织PIM-1mRNA表达相对值分别为0．63、0．55、0．42、0．91、0．76，2例BPH中其相对值为0．26、0．27。BPH、HGPIN和PCa组织中PIM-1蛋白阴性表达率分别为60％（12／20）、20％（4／20）和2％（1／42），弱阳性表达率分别为40％（8／12）、20％（4／20）和12％（5／42），阳性列强阳性表达率分别为0（0／20）、60％（12／20）和86％（36／42），PCa中PIM-1蛋白表达水平高于HGPIN和BPH（P值均〈0．05）。PIM-1蛋白表达水平随PCa的临床分期和病理分级增高而增强，在有和没有淋巴结转移PCa组织中PIM-1强阳性表达率分别为70％（7／10）、25％（8／32），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论PIM-1高表达可能与PCa发生和发展相关，PIM-1表达水平与PCa分期、Gleason评分呈正相关，可能成为PCa预后判断的肿瘤标志物。     

双J管临床应用及美蓝在置管术中的作用

目的探讨双J管(双J输尿管支架管)在泌尿系疾病治疗中的应用效果以及美蓝在置放术中的作用。方法对215例患者采用放置双J管作内支架和内引流治疗,近期48例术中以美蓝协助定位。结果术后留置尿管5~7d,无切口感染、尿瘘等并发症。术后1~3个月拔除双J管,随访3~6个月,肾功能、肾积水明显好转,吻合口通畅。以美蓝协助定位者无双J管上移致拔管困难。结论双J管具有内支架和内引流作用,操作简单,引流效果好,并发症少,缩短住院时间。以美蓝协助定位,值得推广应用。