Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Right Ventricular Dysplasia: Identification of Target Sites by Entrainment Mapping Techniques

Objective: To identify target sites for radiofrequency ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) by entrainment mapping techniques in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. Methods: Entrainment mapping and radiofrequency ablation of eight VTs was performed in seven patients. Radiofrequency ablation was applied at 31 reentry circuits sites that were classified based on findings during entrainment. Results: By entrainment criteria the 31 sites were classified as: exit sites (n = 12), proximal sites (n = 6), and outer loop sites (n = 13). Radiofrequency current application terminated VT at 7 of 31 sites: 2 of 12 exit sites (17%), 4 of 6 proximal sites (67%), and 1 of 13 outer loop sites (8%). Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation terminated VTs most often at sites proximal to the exit as opposed to outer loop sites and exit sites (P = 0.05). The critical isthmus for ablation of VT in right ventricular dysplasia often may be distant to the exit.     

Prostatic carcinosarcoma: A case report and review of literature

A unique case of carcinosarcoma of the prostate detected in a 71-year-old man is presented. Pelvic exenteration was performed, and the resected prostatic mass was found to consist of two histologically distinct elements; adenocarcinoma and sarcoma with focal osteosarcomatous element. The patient is still alive with neither metastasis nor recurrence. This is the 42nd case of carcinosarcoma of the prostate to be reported in the literature.