Study on self-consciousness of children with learning disabilities and related factors

To study the self-consciousness of children with learning disabilities (LD) and to identify related factors. Methods Five hundred and sixty pupils graded from 1 to 6 in an elementary school were investigated. According to the pupil rating scale revised screening for learning disabilities (PRS), combined Raven‘s test (CRT) and achievement of main courses, 35 of 560 pupils were diagnosed as LD children. Thirty-five children were selected from the average children and 35 from advanced children in academic achievement equally matched in class, gender, and age with LD children as control groups. The three groups were tested by Piers-Harris children‘s self-concept scale. Basic information of each subject was collected by self-made questionnaire. Results Compared with the average and advanced children, LD children got significantly lower scores in self-concept scale. Based on logistic regression analysis, 3 factors were identified, including family income per month, single child and delivery model. Conclusion The results suggest that self-consciousness of children with LD is lower than that of normal children.     

Non-oncotic properties of albumin. A multidisciplinary vision about the implications for critically ill patients

Introduction: Effective resuscitation with human albumin solutions is achieved with less fluid than with crystalloid solutions. However, the role of albumin in today’s critical care unit is also linked to its multiple pharmacological effects.

Areas covered: The potential clinical benefits of albumin in select populations of critically ill patients like sepsis seem related to immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, antibiotic transportation and endothelial stabilization. Albumin transports many drugs used in critically ill patients. Such binding to albumin is frequently lessened in critically ill patients with hypoalbuminemia. These changes could result in sub-optimal treatment. Albumin has immunomodulatory capacity by binding several bacterial products. Albumin also influences vascular integrity, contributing to the maintenance of the normal capillary permeability. Moreover, the albumin molecule encompasses several antioxidant properties, thereby significantly reducing re-oxygenation injury, which is especially important in sepsis. In fact, most studies of albumin administration are a combination of a degree of resuscitation with a degree of maintenance or supplementation of albumin.

Expert commentary: The potential clinical benefits of the use of albumin in selected critically ill patients such as sepsis seem related to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant properties, antibiotic transportation and endothelial stabilization. Additional studies are warranted to further elucidate the underlying physiologic and molecular rationale.     

Head-to-head comparison between the EQ-5D-5L and the EQ-5D-3L in general population health surveys

Background

The EQ-5D has been frequently used in national health surveys. This study is a head-to-head comparison to assess how expanding the number of levels from three (EQ-5D-3L) to five in the new EQ-5D-5L version has improved its distribution, discriminatory power, and validity in the general population.

Methods

A representative sample (N?=?7554) from the Catalan Health Interview Survey 2011–2012, aged ≥18, answered both EQ-5D versions, and we evaluated the response redistribution and inconsistencies between them. To assess validity of this redistribution, we calculated the mean of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), which measures perceived health. The discriminatory power was examined with Shannon Indices, calculated for each dimension separately. Spanish preference value sets were applied to obtain utility indices, examining their distribution with statistics of central tendency and dispersion. We estimated the proportion of individuals reporting the best health state in EQ-5D-5L and EQ-5D-3L within groups of specific chronic conditions and their VAS mean.

Results

A very small reduction in the percentage of individuals with the best health state was observed, from 61.8% in EQ-5D-3L to 60.8% in EQ-5D-5L. In contrast, a large proportion of individuals reporting extreme problems in the 3 L version moved to severe problems (level 4) in the 5 L version, particularly for pain/discomfort (75.5%) and anxiety/depression (66.4%). The average proportion of inconsistencies was 0.9%. The pattern of the perceived health VAS mean confirmed the hypothesis established a priori, supporting the validity of the observed redistribution. Shannon index showed that absolute informativity was higher in the 5 L version for all dimensions. The means (SD) of the Spanish EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L indices were 0.87 (0.25) and 0.89 (0.22). The proportion of individuals with the best health state within each specific chronic condition was very similar, regardless of the EQ-5D version (≤?30% in half of the 28 chronic conditions).

Conclusion

Although the proportion of individuals with the best possible health state is still very high, our findings support that the increase of levels provided by the EQ-5D-5L contributed to the validity and discriminatory power of this new version to measure health in general population, as in the national health surveys.

     

松果菊苷对人肝癌细胞HepG2生长和缝隙连接细胞通讯的影响

目的观察松果菊苷(ECH)对人肝癌细胞Hep G2生长和缝隙连接细胞通讯(GJIC)的影响。方法 Alamar Blue法绘制Hep G2细胞生长曲线,并检测ECH的细胞毒作用;划痕标记染料示踪技术(SL/DT)法观察空白对照组、API阳性对照组、AGA阴性对照组和ECH组对GJIC的影响;异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)间接免疫荧光法观察ECH对缝隙连接蛋白Cx43表达的影响。结果 Hep G2细胞在20 000个/m L的细胞密度Alamar Blue还原率与时间有线性关系。ECH(5、10、20、40和80μM)处理Hep G2细胞24 h,细胞存活率分别为(92.69±3.35)%、(88.33±2.12)%、(80.97±2.50)%、(76.95±1.40)%和(69.09±1.11)%(P0.01)。抑制率最高(80μM浓度下)为30.91%。IC50为467.8μM(368.3μg/m L)。SL/DT显示阳性对照芹黄素和ECH处理24 h后,荧光染料在划痕外4列细胞出现了明显荧光(++++),说明细胞出现染料传输的现象。间接免疫荧光法对Cx43表达进行计分,空白对照组细胞得分为(1.40±0.55)分,ECH组得分为(1.60±0.55)分。结果表明ECH组的Cx43表达增强不明显。结论 ECH对Hep G2细胞有细胞毒作用,同时可增强GJIC功能,但Cx43表达不明显,为ECH抗肿瘤机制提供依据。     

中药植物多糖对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的作用机制研究进展

胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)是2型糖尿病的重要病理生理机制,对胰岛素抵抗的治疗成为防治2型糖尿病的关键。目前,防治2型糖尿病,已经从降糖为主发展到利用胰岛素抵抗为靶点的综合治疗策略。中药多糖对改善2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗具有良好的疗效,与西药治疗糖尿病胰岛素抵抗相比,中药多糖具有安全、疗效好、价格低的优势。但对其作用机制还缺乏科学系统的归纳。本文应用计算机中国知网数据库(CNKI),检索关键词"2型糖尿病,多糖,胰岛素抵抗",纳入全部有关中药植物多糖治疗糖尿病的文献,进行分析、归纳、总结。目的对中药多糖治疗2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的作用机制作一简要综述,希望为今后有关中药植物多糖种类、中药剂量以及服用时间等研究提供参考依据,开发出服用更便捷,疗效更好,更安全的新制剂。     

傅青主火丹神方加味对肝经郁热型带状疱疹患者T细胞亚群及相关细胞因子的调控作用

目的:通过观察傅青主火丹神方对带状疱疹患者T细胞亚群及相关细胞因子的影响,探讨其临床疗效及机制。方法:选择136例带状疱疹患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组68例。对照组予常规西药治疗,观察组加用傅青主火丹神方治疗,观察两组患者临床疗效,并测定比较两组患者治疗前后T细胞亚群,白细胞介素-4(IL-4),白细胞介素-6(IL-6),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,实时荧光定量PCR测定血清信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3),磷酸化-STAT3(p-STAT3)mRNA水平。结果:观察组的总有效率为97.1%,明显高于对照组的83.8%(χ2=5.146,P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的疼痛视觉(VAS)评分均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),观察组较对照组下降更为明显(P0.05)。随访6个月,观察组的后遗神经痛发生率5.9%,明显低于对照组的26.5%(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者CD3~+,CD4~+细胞比例均较治疗前明显升高(P0.05),观察组CD8+细胞明显降低(P0.05),CD4~+/CD8+明显升高(P0.05),且高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者IL-4,IL-6均较治疗前明显降低,TNF-α明显升高(P0.05),观察组变化更加明显(P0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的STAT3,pSTAT3在同一水平。治疗后,两组患者的STAT3,p-STAT3均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),观察组降低更加明显(P0.05)。结论:在常规西药基础上,加用傅青主火丹神方治疗能更好的减轻临床症状,提高临床疗效,其机制可能通过调节机体免疫功能,减轻两面神激酶(Janus kinase,JAK)/STAT通路激活,减少炎症因子释放,并进一步减轻炎症反应有关。     

浓缩当归丸指纹图谱研究

目的:建立浓缩当归丸高效液相色谱指纹图谱。方法:使用C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)反相色谱柱,以乙腈-水(水中含体积比为0.1%的甲酸)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 m L/min,检测波长为280 nm。结果:精密度、重现性、稳定性实验中的共有峰相对峰面积、相对保留时间的RSD均小于5%。结论:该方法简便、实用、可靠,可作为评价浓缩当归丸的质量控制指标之一。     

中西医结合治疗功能性消化不良的疗效分析

目的探讨中西医结合方法治疗功能性消化不良的有效性。方法采用随机对照方法,对照组给予西药多潘立酮,双歧杆菌三联胶囊口服,治疗组在西药治疗的基础上加用中药方剂四君子合藿朴夏苓汤加减治疗,比较两组间资料的有效性差异。结果治疗组的治疗有效性达93.85%,明显优于对照组的80.00%,两者经卡方检验,P0.05,其差异有统计学意义。结论中西医结合治疗能有效改善功能性消化不良患者的症状,提高生活质量,值得临床推广。