经鼻内窥镜视神经管减压术的初步报告

目的 探索治疗视神经外伤较好的手术方法。方法 开展了经鼻内窥镜视神经管减压术，并与鼻外进路进行比较。结果 采用经鼻内窥镜鼻内进路视神经管减压术１４例，其中９例视力分别从术前的无光感、眼前手动、５０ｃｍ指数、眼前手动、无光感、光感、无光感、眼前动手、无光感到术后的０．２、０．３、０．３＾＋２、０．４、０．０６、０．３、０．１、０．７、０．１２，３例眼球活动障碍恢复正常，随访时间１个月￣１年。讨论了经     

食管腺癌单纯手术与合并术前化疗比较

[目的]比较食管腺癌单纯手术与合并术前化疗的预后。[方法]单纯手术组91例，术前DDP，5FU联合化疗组16例，术前VP16、ADM、DDP联合化疗组22例，比较3组的生存率。[结果]单纯手术组91例手术死亡率2％，2年生存率24％，4年生存率8％。术前DDP、5FU联合化疗组16例，化疗后完全缓解1例（16％），部分缓解5例（31％），无效10例（63％），12例手术切除，1例由于化疗有关死亡，1例手术死亡，2、4年生存率均为42％。术前DDP、ADM、VP16联合化疗组22例，化疗后1例完全缓解（5％），11例部分缓解（50％），10倒无效（45％），18例手术切除，无手术死亡，2年生存率58％。[结论]术前化疗能明显提高食管腺癌病人的生存率，同时治疗应个体化。     

Focal cerebral ischemia alters the spatio-temporal properties, but not the amount of locomotor activity in mice

Cerebral ischemia induces hyperlocomotion in gerbils, and sensorimotor and cognition dysfunctions in rodents ; however little is known about the spatio-temporal organization of locomotor activity after ischemia. In this study, we continuously （22 h） assessed the spatio-temporal organization of locomotor activity in focal cerebral ischemic mice in an open field with feeding and drinking supplies. To observe the spatio-temporal changes,     

基因CT120在胶质瘤中的表达及意义

目的：研究基因CT120在胶质瘤组织中的表达及其与胶质瘤组织病理学的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法检测50例胶质瘤手术切除标本、3例正常脑组织中CT120蛋白的表达：应用半定量RT—PCR检测20例胶质瘤、3例正常脑组织中CT120mRNA的表达。结果：免疫组织化学检测发现正常脑组织中CT120蛋白无表达．50例胶质瘤组织中CT120蛋白表达阳性率为50．9％，不同级别胶质瘤中的表达无显著差异（χ^2=2．99，P〉0．05）；半定量RT—PCR检测正常脑组织中CT120 mRNA呈弱表达，不同病理级别胶质瘤CT120 mRNA表达无显著差异（χ^2=3．25．P〉0．05）。结论：基因120在胶质瘤有表达，但在胶质瘤发生发展中作用不明显。     

高效液相色谱法测定胞苷酸混合液中各组分的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定胞苷酸混合物中各成分(胞苷、胞苷一磷酸、胞苷三磷酸等)含量的检测方法。方法采用WAX 1阴离子交换柱(5 0mm×4mm) ,以0 .4 8mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(pH 5 .0 )为流动相,流速1.0ml/min ,检测波长2 6 0nm ,测定胞苷酸中各组分的含量。结果胞苷、胞苷一磷酸、胞苷二磷酸、胞苷三磷酸的线性范围分别为10～6 0 0 ,2 0～6 0 0 ,2 0～80 0 ,2 0 0～5 0 0 0 μg/ml,4种胞苷酸的平均回收率为98.0 %～10 0 .9%。结论该方法具有分析时间短,线性范围宽,灵敏准确等优点,可用于胞苷酸混合物中各组分的含量测定     

Prolonged focal application of polyethylene glycol induces conduction block in guinea pig spinal cord white matter.

A 2-min focal application of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) to injured mammalian spinal cords can offer significant yet limited restoration of functional and structural integrity. However, longer application of PEG has not been tested in similar injuries. In this study, isolated spinal cord white matter strips from adult guinea pigs were subjected to a 25 min exposure of PEG (MW: 2000; 50% w/w), with or without prior compression. When applied in a continuous steam, PEG, with a delay of about 6 min, suppressed the compound action potential (CAP) amplitude to 64+/-4% of the pre-PEG level in uninjured cords and to 64+/-7% in compressed cord strips. Both recovered to 70+/-5% (uninjured) and 88+/-11% (compressed) of the pre-PEG level following wash. When PEG was applied in a pulsatile manner, no significant decrease of CAP amplitude was observed. In summary, our results show that focal continuous application of PEG has minimal toxicity if applied for less than 5 min. Pulsatile application could extend this duration to at least 25 min with no toxicity. This study could be useful in determining the optimal protocol for the use of PEG in both animal research and human spinal cord victims.     

固本壮骨胶囊治疗原发性骨质疏松症的临床研究

目的：评价固本壮骨胶囊的疗效和女全性。方法：我们于2002年10月至2003年7月按照国家药品食品监督管理局中药新药审批办法，通过与骨松宝颗粒剂（无糖型）多中心、随机、双盲双模拟对照的临床观察。对223例原发性骨质疏松症（肝肾不足证）患者进行了系统的临床试验研究。结果：治疗后两组都有明确疗效，两组间没有统计学差异，但试验组在改善腰膝酸软和步履艰难这二个症状方面明显优于对照组。比较骨密度的变化，各部位3个月和6个月的骨密度改变，两组无明显差异，而试验组在提高腰椎骨密度方面优于对照组。另外，治疗组在治疗过程中无明显不良反应，治疗后的各项血液生化指标和心电图均无改变。结论：固本壮骨胶囊是一种安全有效的中药新药。     

Dexamethasone induces TrkA and p75NTR immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus

Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity during brain development and adulthood by activating a dual receptor system composed of TrkA and p75 (p75NTR) receptors. Exogenous NGF modulates the expression of both receptors. Little is known about the ability of endogenous NGF to regulate the expression of these receptors in basal forebrain cholinergic terminals. The ability of glucocorticoids to increase NGF expression in the hippocampus prompted us to investigate whether the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) increases TrkA and p75NTR expression in NGF-target cholinergic neurons in developing rats. We first examined the effect of DEX on NGF mRNA by in situ hybridization. DEX given systemically (0.5 mg/kg, sc) for 1 week to 7-day-old rats elicited an increase in NGF mRNA levels in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and superficial layers II and III of the cerebral cortex. Immunohistochemical analysis of p75NTR and TrkA levels revealed a dramatic increase in p75NTR immunoreactivity (IR) in both basal forebrain and hippocampus and TrkA IR in the hippocampus. Interestingly, in DEX-treated rats more axonal terminals were immunopositive for p75NTR in the hippocampus and cortex, suggesting an increase in p75NTR IR in cell bodies as well as in terminals. Our data indicate that the endogenously produced NGF elicits biological changes similar to those of the exogenously delivered NGF. We suggest that glucocorticoids might regulate and coordinate cholinergic neuronal maturation by increasing the biosynthesis of NGF.     

酶制剂Cerezyme治疗高雪氏病效果观察

目的　酶制剂cerezyme替代疗法治疗高雪氏病 4年小结。方法　 Cerezyme初剂量 6 0U/kg ,每 2周 1次静脉滴注 ,2年后疗效好转剂量改为 30U/kg。结果 　 1 5例用药 4年以上的患者 ,血红蛋白平均增加 2 1g/L ,1 4例血小板近 1 2月恢复正常 ;脾功能亢进得到改善 ,肝脾回缩 9.3%和 6 0 .6 % ,肝功能治疗 6个月后大多恢复正常 ;身高平均增长 2 5 6厘米 ,体重平均增加 1 4 5公斤 ,生活质量明显提高。结论　 在基因治疗尚未广泛应用之前 ,酶替代疗法仍是唯一改善症状的有效措施     

机械通气在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)治疗中的应用

慢性阻塞性肺疾病是引起呼吸衰竭的最常见原因之一,在对患者施行机械通气时,应根据其发病机理和病人指征来确定通气模式,设置呼吸机参数,并在通气过程中密切注意观察病人是否有动态过度充气,内原性呼气末正压及人-机是否同步.