Evaluation of the left ventricular remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction after revascularization with intravenous real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography

In order to evaluate the left ventricular remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction after revascularization with intravenous real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography （RT-MCE）, intravenous RT-MCE was performed on 20 patients with myocardial infarction before coronary revascularization. Follow-up echocardiography was performed 3 months after coronary revascularization. Segmental wall motion was assessed using 18-segment LV model and classified as normal, hypokinesis, akinesis and dyskinesis. Myocardial perfusion was assessed by visual interpretation and divided into 3 conditions： homogeneous opacification=l; partial or reduced opaciflcation or subendocardial contrast defect=2; constrast defect=3. Myocardial perfusion score index （MPSI） was calculated by dividing the total sum of contrast score by the total number of segments with abnormal wall motion. Twenty patients were classified into 2 groups according to the MPSI： MPSI≤I.5 as good myocardial perfusion, MPSI〉1.5 as poor myocardial perfusion. To assess the left ventricular remodeling, the following comparisons were carried out： （1） Comparisons of left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）, left ventricular end-systolic volume （LVESV） and left ventricular end-diastolic volume （LVEDV） before and 3 months after revascularization in two groups;（2） Comparisons of LVEF, LVESV and LVEDV pre-revascularization between two groups and comparisons of these 3 months post-revascularization between two groups; （3） Comparisons of the differences in LVEF, LVESV and LVEDV between 3 months post-and pre-revascularization （ALVEF, ALVESV and ALVEDV） between two groups; （4） The linear regression analysis between ALVEF, ALVESV, ALVEDV and MPSI. The results showed that the LVEF obtained 3 months after revascularization in patients with MPSI〉1.5 was obviously lower than that in those with MPSI〈1.5. The LVEDV obtained 3 months post-revascularization in patients with MPSI〉1.5 was obviously larger than that in those with M     

不同人工晶状体眼的波阵面像差比较

目的探讨3种不同人工晶状体植入术后晶状体眼的波阵面像差及成像质量的差异。方法超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后的老年性白内障患者76例（80只眼）（丙烯酸酯26只眼;水凝胶27只眼;硅凝胶27只眼）,术后3个月时使用WASCA波阵面像差仪。在瞳孔直径4．0mm时,测量人工晶状体眼的各项波阵面像差指标,对检查结果中的慧差、球差、总像差、总高阶像差以及从Z（2,-2）到Z（4,-4）的Zemike常数,个组间分别进行独立样本t检验,结果除了丙烯酸酯人工晶状体的总高阶像差（S3＋S4）稍高于硅凝胶人工晶状体（P=0．011）,丙烯酸酯人工晶状体的Z（3,1）高于水凝胶人工晶状体（P=0．038）。其余指标间均无统计学意义。结论老年性白内障患者术后在自然瞳孔下,3种人工晶状体眼的波阵面像差除丙烯酸酯总高阶像差稍高之外,其他指标基本无差异。3种人工晶状体眼的视网膜成像质量可能无区别。（中华眼科杂志,2006,42：387-390）     

合理解决医疗事故中赔偿问题的对策

医疗事故一经确定后,经济赔偿问题常常成为医疗事故处理的核心问题.由于医患双方所站角度不同,医院坚持实行一次性经济补偿,患者要求全额赔偿.本文认为这一问题处理的公正与否直接关系到医疗事业的发展及患者合法权益的保护,指出了解决医疗事故赔偿问题的合理途径.     

定量组织速度成像技术对心肌致密化不全患者心肌同步性的研究

目的应用定量组织速度成像技术（QTVI）评价心肌致密化不全（NVM）患者左室心肌收缩及舒张同步性情况。方法采用组织速度成像技术采集18例NVM患者及18例正常对照者的心尖3个切面的QTVI图像。分别脱机描绘6个壁基底段及中间段共12个节段组织速度曲线并测量收缩期达峰时间（Ts）和舒张早期达峰时间（Te）,计算每一受检查者左室12个节段的Ts最大差值、收缩速度峰值时间的标准差（Ts-s）及Te最大差值、舒张早期速度峰值时间的标准差（Te-s）。结果以12个节段的Ts、Te最大差值〉100ms为收缩及舒张不同步,心肌致密化不全患者收缩及舒张不同步分别有15例（83%）、11例（61%）。以Ts-s〉32.6ms、Te-s〉30.1ms为收缩及舒张不同步,心肌致密化不全患者收缩及舒张不同步分别为15例（83%）、12例（67%）。结论NVM患者存在较明显的收缩及舒张不同步,且其收缩期不同步性与病变累及的解剖部位存在一定的关系。     

Metabolic syndrome risk factors and dry eye syndrome: a Meta-analysis

AIM: To explore the relationship between metabolic risk factors and dry eye syndrome (DES). METHODS: Retrieved studies on the association of metabolic syndrome risk factors (hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity, and hyperlipidemia) and DES were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library in December 2015. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled to evaluate the final relationship. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to diagnostic criteria of DES. RESULTS: Nine cross-sectional studies and three case-control studies were included in this Meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that people with hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia had a higher risk of suffering from DES (P<0.05), especially the typical DES symptoms. On the other hand, obesity did not increase the risk of DES. CONCLUSION: The present Meta-analysis suggests that all metabolic risk factors except obesity were risk factors for DES.     

Clinical evaluation of the use of an intracardiac electrocardiogram to guide the tip positioning of peripherally inserted central catheters

The use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) provides important central venous accesses for clinical treatments, tests and monitoring. Compared with the traditional methods, intracardiac electrocardiogram (ECG)‐guided method has the potential to guide more accurate tip positioning of PICCs. This study aimed to clinically evaluate the effectiveness of an intracardiac ECG to guide the tip positioning by monitoring characteristic P‐wave changes. In this study, eligible patients enrolled September 2011 to May 2012 according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria received the catheterization monitored by intracardiac ECG. Then chest radiography was performed to check the catheter position. The results revealed that, with 117 eligible patients, all bar one patient who died (n = 116) completed the study, including 60 males and 56 females aged 51.2 ± 15.1 years. Most (n = 113, > 97%) had characteristic P‐wave changes. The intracardiac ECG‐guided positioning procedure achieved correct placement for 112 patients (96.56%), demonstrating 99.12% sensitivity and 100% specificity. In conclusion, the intracardiac ECG can be a promising technique to guide tip positioning of PICCs. However, since the sample size in this study is limited, more experience and further study during clinical practice are needed to demonstrate achievement of optimal catheterization outcomes.     

Socioeconomic disparities in the global burden of glaucoma: an analysis of trends from 1990 to 2016

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To assess the global burden of glaucoma by year, age, sex, regions, socioeconomic development, and mean years of schooling (MYS)...     

Effect of combining anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody C225 and radiation on DU145 prostate cancer

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) network has rich targets for prostate cancer killing. Herein we evaluated the effects of combining the EGFR inhibition and radiation on DU145 prostate cancer. We treated DU145 prostate cancer cells with various doses of anti-EGFR antibody (C225) and gamma-irradiation (RAD). The effects of the treatment on cell viability and growth were assessed with cell counting, XTT and clonogenic assays. In vivo treatment effects were assessed using a subcutaneous tumor xenograft in mice. Cell cycle distribution and progression were assessed with flow cytometry. The apoptotic components of cell death were quantified using Annexin-V binding assays. The results demonstrated that when combined with radiation, C225 augmented the inhibition of cell viability and growth in the DU145 cell line and EGFR inhibition appeared to have some interaction with RAD. C225 inhibited the growth of implanted DU145 tumors and increased the efficacy of radiation treatment. Flow cytometric analysis suggested that mostly necrotic cell death resulted from the EGFR inhibition or irradiation, although there may be some apoptosis. We drew the conclusion that the inhibition of EGFR augments the radiation killing of DU145 prostate cancer via a combination of cytostatic, necrotic and apoptotic mechanisms.     

bFGF对人晶状体上皮细胞增殖的影响

目的 研究碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂａｓｉｃ ｆｉｂｒｏｂｌａｓｔ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｆａｃｔｏｒ,ｂＦＧＦＧ）在体系对人晶状体上皮细胞增殖的影响及机制探讨。方法 取人晶状前囊膜培养。加入不同浓度ｂＦＧＦ（１μｇ．Ｌ＾－１１０μｇＬ＾－１、１００μｇ．Ｌ＾－１）,４８ｈ后免疫组化测增殖核细胞抗原阳性面积率,取人晶状体前囊膜免疫组化测ｂＦＧＦ受体。结果 一定浓度（１～１００ｕｇ．Ｌ＾－１）的ｂＦＧＦ在体