性传播疾病的预防与健康教育和健康促进

目的探讨通过健康教育和健康促进预防性传播疾病。方法本着防治结合原则,强化政府职能作用,疾控部门积极运作,发挥社区卫生服务优势,加强心理与道德的教育等几个方面做好健康教育和健康促进工作。结果健康教育和健康促进对性传播疾病非常重要。结论通过健康教育和健康促进性传播疾病是可以得到控制的。     

Microstructure Evolution and Deformation Mechanisms of As-Cast Antibacterial Ti6Al4V-5Cu Alloy for Isothermal Forging Process

The hot workability behavior of antibacterial Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy was investigated using a hot compression experiment in the temperature range of 790–1040 °C and strain rate of 10⁻³–10 s⁻¹ with a strain of 0.4. The deformation behavior of the alloy was characterized by Gleeble 3800 compression experiment, and the relationship among deformed microstructures and deformation parameters was established. The deformations of Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy were temperature and strain rate-dependent. Higher temperature and lower strain rate made power dissipation efficiency (η) increase and reach 89%. The activation energies (Q) in the dual-phase (α + β) and single β phase regions were calculated as 175.43 and 159.03 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively. In the dual (α + β) phase region, with an increase in strain rate, flow-softening behavior was dominated, however in the single β phase region such as processing at 940 °C. Flow stress increased slightly in which work-hardening behavior was dominated (especially between strain rates of 10⁻³–1 s⁻¹). The deformation at various conditions exhibited different stress-strain profiles, providing an insight that work hardening and flow softening coexisted in Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy. The relative intensity of oscillatory change in flow stress profile decreased as the strain rate decreased. The hot workability of Ti6Al4V-5Cu alloy was also accessed from the viewpoint of the sub-grain structure.     

Test and Microstructural Analysis of a Steel Slag Cement-Based Material Using the Response Surface Method

In this study, the silica fume replacement rate, fly ash replacement rate, and curing temperature were regarded as the independent variables, and the compressive and flexural strengths were regarded as the response values. The response surface method was used to construct the response surface polynomial regression model and obtain the optimal preparation parameters of a steel slag cement-based gel slurry (SCGS). The univariate and multivariate effects on the SCGS’s strength were investigated via analysis of variance and a three-dimensional surface model, and the hydration products and strength development law were characterized via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The actual compressive strengths at 3 and 28 d of age were 31.78 and 53.94 MPa, respectively, which were close to the predicted values (32.59 and 55.81 MPa, respectively), demonstrating that the optimized strengths were accurate and reliable. Further, the hydration reaction rate of SiO₂ in the silica fume and the physical filling effect of the inert components of fly ash and steel slag under the optimal parameters were the key factors for the early strength of the material. Moreover, continuous C₃S hydration in steel slag and the continuous excitation of the volcanic ash properties of fly ash were important factors for the later strength.     

我院Ⅰ类手术切口抗菌药物应用情况及对策

目的:监测外科Ⅰ类手术切口应用抗菌药物情况,规范临床用药。方法:依据《抗菌药物临床应用指导原则》,从2006年1月起,每月对外科Ⅰ类手术切口抗菌药物使用情况按照给药时间、时程及药物种类等项目进行收集分析,并将结果和建议反馈给相关科室。结果:全年抽查病历分为1～6月(242例)和7～12月(256例)两部分,分别整理统计。498例(白内障手术除外)Ⅰ类切口全都使用了抗菌药物。7～12月术前0．5～2．0 h使用抗菌药物比例为76．94％,较上半年38．43％明显增加。术前未使用抗菌药物病例13．65％、术前使用时间大于2 h病例12．50％、术后使用时程等较上半年显著缩短;涉及脑、骨骼等器官的手术切口抗菌药物术后使用时间较长。大于3 h的手术几乎都未追加抗菌药物。抗菌药物选择如青霉素和第1、2代头孢菌素使用率由上半年32．86％在下半年上升到53．91％。抗菌药物联用和更换的病历显著减少。结论:外科Ⅰ类手术抗菌药物使用存在较多问题,经过对其监测,逐渐规范了使用,但仍有待提高。     

寒区集训新兵睡眠质量影响因素研究

目的探讨寒区新兵睡眠质量的影响因素。方法以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQ I）测试寒区集训期新兵1 000人并分析其影响因素。结果（1）有效问卷892份,吸烟、饮酒者PSQ I及除催眠药物使用外的其他各项因子分高于无烟酒饮用习惯者。（2）县城来源新兵入睡时间明显高于省城来源新兵,乡镇来源新兵PSQ I及多项因子分低于省城和县城来源新兵。（3）回归分析显示：寒区新兵睡眠质量的主要影响因素依次为吸烟、饮酒及家庭住址。结论寒区新兵睡眠质量的影响因素为吸烟、饮酒及家庭住址。     

鼻内结构正常化手术对变应性鼻炎的治疗作用

目的 评价鼻内结构正常化手术对应变性鼻炎的治疗作用。 对２６名接受鼻内结构正常化手术的变应性鼻炎患者资料,进行了性分析。参照我国海口标准,对术前及术后太和体征进行评分,评定治疗效果。结果 总有效率为７６％。结论变应性鼻炎如存在处内结构异常的情况,治疗时应首先考虑实施鼻内结构正常化手术可能会获得治疗效果。     

肺癌107例的外科治疗

本文对原发性肺癌１０７例之病理类型与外科治疗情况进行分析。重点讨论了肺癌胸壁侵犯的外科处理，癌性胸水的治疗以及罕见肺部肿瘤的诊断。介绍了涤纶片修补胸壁缺损方法，并对肺癌术前放疗的评价提出了作者的看法：认为术前放疗只宜采用１／２剂量（３０～４０Ｇｙ），否则术后有发生支气管残端瘘的可能。