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排序方式: 共有156条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
81.
Play and Pets: The Physical and Emotional Impact of Child-Life and Pet Therapy on Hospitalized Children 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Child-life therapy programs and pet-therapy programs are often used in pediatric hospital settings to provide emotional support and diversion; however there is little research about their efficacy. How play and pet therapy affect children was examined in this study of 70 hospitalized children. Self-reported mood, displayed affect, amount of touch, heart rate, blood pressure, and salivary cortisol were measured. Children and parents viewed both therapies as mood enhancing experiences for the child. Heart rates, parents' ratings of the child's mood, and display of positive affect were enhanced in the pet-therapy group. Pet therapy likely provides an additional supportive activity for hospitalized children. 相似文献
82.
R Dembo L Williams L La Voie A Getreu E Berry L Genung J Schmeidler E D Wish J Kern 《The International journal of the addictions》1990,25(11):1341-1382
There is increasing recognition that children involved in the justice system often have serious, multiple problems in the areas of physical abuse, sexual exploitation, and alcohol/other drug use (ADM). Using data collected in a longitudinal study of detained juveniles, we test a model of the relationships of these problems. Significant over-time interrelationships are found among these problems. Research and policy implications of these important findings are drawn. 相似文献
83.
E S Nylen A I Cohen M H Wish J J Lima J D Finkelstein 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》1986,7(1):185-187
Acetylation is the major route of metabolism of many drugs including the antiarrhythmic agent procainamide. Coadministration of para-aminobenzoic acid was observed to decrease the biotransformation of procainamide to N-acetylprocainamide in a patient with rapid acetylation kinetics. In view of the distinct antiarrhythmic and toxic properties of procainamide and N-acetylprocainamide, the observed drug interference may have great clinical relevance in long-term oral antiarrhythmic therapy and in instances where other drugs converge for acetylation. 相似文献
84.
Amelia M. Arria Kevin E. O'Grady Kimberly M. Caldeira Kathryn B. Vincent Holly C. Wilcox Eric D. Wish 《Archives of Suicide Research》2013,17(3):230-246
The goal of this study was to develop a multi-dimensional model that might explain suicide ideation among college students. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 1,249 first-year college students. An estimated 6%wt of first-year students at this university had current suicide ideation. Depressive symptoms, low social support, affective dysregulation, and father-child conflict were each independently associated with suicide ideation. Only 40%wt of individuals with suicide ideation were classified as depressed according to standard criteria. In the group who reported low levels of depressive symptoms, low social support and affective dysregulation were important predictors of suicide ideation. Alcohol use disorder was also independently associated with suicide ideation, while parental conflict was not. Results highlight potential targets for early intervention among college students. 相似文献
85.
Banhiran W Assanasen P Metheetrairut C Nopmaneejumruslers C Chotinaiwattarakul W Kerdnoppakhun J 《Sleep & breathing》2012,16(3):663-675
Purposes
Quality of life assessment in obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) is increasingly recognized, and the functional outcomes of sleep questionnaire (FOSQ) is a popular instrument. The objective of this study was to apply this questionnaire in Thai patients to assess its reliability, validity, and responsiveness properties.Methods
A total of 223 subjects were recruited. The scores of FOSQ in 38 healthy volunteers and 40 primary snorers were compared with those of 108 obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients diagnosed by polysomnography. Seventy-two subjects answered the FOSQ twice at 2?C4?weeks apart to check the test?Cretest reliability, and 37 patients with OSA who complied well with CPAP therapy answered them again after treatment at 3?C6?months. All participants also filled the Epworth sleepiness scales (ESS) to check the concurrent validity.Results
There were statistically significant differences in all FOSQ subscales including global scores between healthy volunteers (17.3?±?2.1) and OSA patients (14.5?±?2.9) (p?0.001). The internal consistency of the questionnaire was excellent (Cronbach's alpha 0.95), and the test?Cretest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients) was 0.70 in global scores. After adequate CPAP therapy, all FOSQ scores increased significantly (p?0.001) There were significant correlations between all FOSQ scores except sexual relationship and ESS (r ?0.48); however, these had only a weak relationship with AHI and minimal oxygen saturation.Conclusions
The FOSQ can be applied to Thai patients with OSDB with good reliability, validity, and responsiveness properties. It may be the first validated version of FOSQ in East Asian countries which is a very useful tool for future research. 相似文献86.
Wish Banhiran Attapon Junlapan Paraya Assanasen Cheerasook Chongkolwatana 《Sleep & breathing》2014,18(1):151-158
Purpose
This study aimed to identify physical findings that may predict the presence of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in snoring patients.Methods
A total of 283 subjects (165 males and 118 females) were recruited, including 217 OSA patients and 66 patients with apnea–hypopnea index (AHI)?<?5 as a control group, diagnosed by level-1 polysomnography. Baseline data of patients including age, sex, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC), waist circumference (WC), neck-to-height ratio (NHtR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were recorded. Other physical parameters such as chin length (Chin1), thyromental distance, hyomental distance, cricomental distance, cricomental space (CMS), Friedman tongue position (FTP), and tonsils size were recorded by a single investigator who was blinded to the PSG results.Results
The findings that were statistically different between the control group and moderate to severe OSA (AHI?≥?15) included sex, BMI, NC, NHtR, WC, WHtR, Chin1, CM, and CMS (p?<?0.05). However, logistic regression analysis showed that only male gender and WHtR?≥?0.55 were the independent predictors for AHI?≥?15 with adjusted odds ratios of 6.6 and 3.1, respectively.Conclusion
Among snoring patients seeking medical consultation, male gender and WHtR of?≥?0.55 were good predictors for moderate to severe OSA. No single head and neck finding reliably predicted this condition. In a situation with limited facilities, these data along with medical history may be helpful for prioritizing patients in order to achieve the optimal use of sleep investigation and treatment. 相似文献87.
Jay B. Wish 《Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology》2014,9(9):1645-1651
A biosimilar drug or follow-on biologic drug is defined by the Public Health Service Act as a product that is “highly similar to the reference product notwithstanding minor differences in clinically active components and there are no clinically meaningful differences between the biologic product and the reference product in terms of the safety, purity and potency of the product.” The advantage of biosimilar drugs is that they are significantly less expensive than the reference products, allowing for increased accessibility and cost savings. Recognizing these advantages, the US Congress passed the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act in 2009 as part of health care reform. The Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act allows sponsors of biosimilar agents to seek approval by showing structural and functional similarity to the reference agent, with the extent of required clinical studies to be determined on the basis of the degree of biosimilarity with the reference product. The goal is to bring biosimilar agents to the market more efficiently while still protecting the safety of the public. The European Union has had such a process in place for a number of years. Two biosimilar epoetin agents have been approved in the European Union since 2007, and their companies are conducting trials to seek approval in the United States, because Amgen’s patent protection for epoetin alfa expires in 2014. Trials completed for European Union approval of both agents showed similar efficacy and safety to the reference epoetin alfa. As with all biologics, immunogenicity concerns may persist because of the fragility of the manufacturing process and the worldwide experience with pure red cell aplasia as a result of epoetin therapy. The uptake of biosimilar epoetins after approval in the United States will depend on the balance of cost advantage against safety concerns. Competition in the marketplace will likely decrease the cost of the reference agent as well. 相似文献
88.
Y Zhu S R Yang P P Wang S Savas T Wish J Zhao R Green M Woods Z Sun B Roebothan J Squires S Buehler E Dicks J Zhao J R Mclaughlin P S Parfrey P T Campbell 《British journal of cancer》2014,110(5):1359-1366
Background:
Smoking is a risk factor for incident colorectal cancer (CRC); however, it is unclear about its influence on survival after CRC diagnosis.Methods:
A cohort of 706 CRC patients diagnosed from 1999 to 2003 in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, was followed for mortality and recurrence until April 2010. Smoking and other relevant data were collected by questionnaire after cancer diagnosis, using a referent period of ‘2 years before diagnosis'' to capture pre-diagnosis information. Molecular analyses of microsatellite instability (MSI) status and BRAF V600E mutation status were performed in tumour tissue using standard techniques. Multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with Cox proportional hazards regression, controlling for major prognostic factors.Results:
Compared with never smokers, all-cause mortality (overall survival, OS) was higher for current (HR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.04–3.06), but not for former (HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.71–1.59) smokers. The associations of cigarette smoking with the study outcomes were higher among patients with ⩾40 pack-years of smoking (OS: HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.03–2.85; disease-free survival (DFS: HR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.25–3.19), those who smoked ⩾30 cigarettes per day (DFS: HR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.22–2.67), and those with microsatellite stable (MSS) or MSI-low tumours (OS: HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.04–1.82 and DFS: HR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.01–1.72). Potential heterogeneity was noted for sex (DFS HR: 1.68 for men and 1.01 for women: P for heterogeneity=0.04), and age at diagnosis (OS: HR: 1.11 for patients aged <60 and 1.69 for patients aged ⩾60: P for heterogeneity=0.03).Conclusions:
Pre-diagnosis cigarette smoking is associated with worsened prognosis among patients with CRC. 相似文献89.
Gregory A. Rainone Sherry Deren Paula H. Kleinman Eric D. Wish 《Journal of psychoactive drugs》2013,45(4):353-359
Abstract Criminality among female (n=351) drug abusers is compared to that of men (n=798) as part of a longitudinal study of persons in treatment in Sweden (the SWEDATE project). The extent of criminality was much less among females than among males, and fewer women than men were criminal. The pattern of criminality varied between the sexes. Women's crime debuts occurred later, and they committed less violent crimes and more drug-related crimes. The majority of women supported themselves in other way s than with criminality. Also, women tended to have a more severe pattern of abuse, a more rapid drug career, and more complex psychological problems than men. A subgroup of prostitutes whose drug of choice was heroin often began drug use early with cannabis and went on to amphetamine for their first injection, which often took place in a junkie pad. There was also a criminal group (as there was among men) with a very early and intensive juvenile delinquency pattern, early drug debuts and a rapid transition to regular abuse and extensive adult criminality. Forty-two percent of the women had no criminal records; they had more extensive multiple drug abuse than the other women (this was also true for the noncriminal male addicts). The study shows that drug abuse and criminality are interrelated for certain individuals, but not for others. 相似文献
90.