艾滋病相关淋巴结病理改变及其与淋巴结中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的相关性

目的探讨艾滋病患者淋巴结组织中CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞的表达、分布及其与病理改变的相关性。方法对22例活检及13例尸体解剖的HIV/AIDS患者的淋巴结进行组织学观察和病理分期,采用免疫组织化学法对淋巴结组织中的CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞特异性标记物FoxP3进行检测。结果35例艾滋病患者的淋巴结中,1～4期分别有5、4、14和12例。所有淋巴结组织中均检测出FoxP3的阳性表达;在1、2期病变淋巴结内,FoxP3阳性细胞数量较多,分布于滤泡间区和副皮质区;3、4期随着淋巴细胞的数量衰竭,阳性细胞数量的减少更加明显。结论艾滋病患者淋巴结中存在有CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞,随着淋巴结病变的进展其数量减少或耗竭。     

对中职学校人文教育的思考

教育的重要本质特征就是它的人文性,中职教育作为我国教育的重要组成部分,其人文教育是不可忽视的,人文教育不仅可以传递知识,开发智力,培养技能,提高学生修养,陶冶情操,增加情趣,丰富学生的精神世界,而且还可以帮助学生树立正确的世界观和人生观,培养高尚的道德情操和强烈的社会责任感,使学生成为道德高尚、技术高超的高素质劳动者。     

敦化市保健食品消费者认知状况调查

目的本研究旨在通过对消费者进行保健食品知识调查,了解其对保健食品的指导需求,为进行更为有效的保健食品教育以及消费和开发提供依据。方法自行设计《保健食品知识调查》问卷,随机调查敦化市保健食品消费者400名。数据采用EXCEL软件双录入,用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果 400名被调查者中,男183名,女217名,中青年居多,自由从业者为占较大比例,以高中/中专和大专/本科学历者居多。未接受过营养与保健食品知识教育的人约占1/4,近半数人接受过相关营养与保健食品知识培训超过5次,具有营养师或健康管理师资格者占12%。人均月收入为1 000～4 999元者所占比例较大,人均每月用于保健食品的费用,≤50元、51～100元、101～200元、201～300元、301～500元以及>500元者,均有一定比例。结论被调查者对保健食品知识的知晓率尚待提高。建议进一步加强保健食品有关知识的宣传教育,加强对公众营养补充剂有关知识的宣教,提高消费者的营养与保健食品知识水平。本调查研究为保健食品教育的设计和实施提供了科学依据。     

Oral microbiota in the oral-genitourinary axis:identifying periodontitis as a potential risk of genitourinary cancers

Periodontitis has been proposed as a novel risk factor of genitourinary cancers:although periodontitis and genitourinary cancers are two totally distinct types ...     

Impact of Precursor Concentration on Perovskite Crystallization for Efficient Wide-Bandgap Solar Cells

High-crystalline-quality wide-bandgap metal halide perovskite materials that achieve superior performance in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been widely explored. Precursor concentration plays a crucial role in the wide-bandgap perovskite crystallization process. Herein, we investigated the influence of precursor concentration on the morphology, crystallinity, optical property, and defect density of perovskite materials and the photoelectric performance of solar cells. We found that the precursor concentration was the key factor for accurately controlling the nucleation and crystal growth process, which determines the crystallization of perovskite materials. The precursor concentration based on Cs_0.05FA_0.8MA_0.15Pb(I_0.84Br_0.16)₃ perovskite was controlled from 0.8 M to 2.3 M. The perovskite grains grow larger with the increase in concentration, while the grain boundary and bulk defect decrease. After regulation and optimization, the champion PSC with the 2.0 M precursor concentration exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.13%. The management of precursor concentration provides an effective way for obtaining high-crystalline-quality wide-bandgap perovskite materials and high-performance PSCs.     

Sulfate Freeze–Thaw Resistance of Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement Mortar

Concrete facilities in the severe-cold areas of western China (salt lake environments and heavy saline soils) are seriously damaged by the multiple corrosion effects of freeze–thaw cycles and sulfate corrosion. Magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) cement-based material has become an ideal concrete structural component because of its superior performance. Because concrete structural repair materials are used in heavy-corrosion environments, their durability in those environments should also be considered. Regarding the salt-freezing resistance of MPC, the existing studies have all used a NaCl solution as the heat transfer medium. In addition to chlorine salt, sulfate, especially Na₂SO₄, is also common in typical use environments such as oceans, salt lakes, and groundwater. To evaluate the sulfate freeze–thaw resistance of potassium magnesium phosphate cement (MKPC) mortar, in this study the strength development, weight loss, and water absorption of MKPC mortar specimens subjected to different freeze–thaw cycles were tested and compared with those for Portland cement (P.O) mortar specimens of the same strength grade. The results showed that the P.O mortar specimen completely lost its strength after 75 cycles of rapid water freezing and thawing and 50 cycles of sodium sulfate solution (5%) freezing and thawing. However, the residual strength rating of the MKPC mortar specimen after 75 cycles of water freezing and thawing and 100 cycles of sodium sulfate solution freezing and thawing was higher than 75%. After 50 rapid freeze–thaw cycles in water and a 5% Na₂SO₄ solution, the P.O mortar specimen’s mass loss exceeded the 5% failure standard, whereas the mass loss of the MKPC mortar specimens was much less than 5%. Before the freeze–thaw cycles, the water absorption of the P.O mortar specimen was close to 8 times that of the MKPC mortar specimen, and after 50 water freeze–thaw cycles and 25 sulfate solution freeze–thaw cycles, the water absorption reached 4.88% and 5.68%, respectively. However, after 225 freeze–thaw cycles in water and the sulfate solution, the water absorption rates of MKPC mortar specimens were 2.91% and 2.51% respectively. The test and analysis results show that the freeze–thaw resistance of MKPC mortar was much higher than that of Portland cement mortar specimens. Those results provide a prerequisite for applying and expanding the use of MKPC-based materials in severe-cold areas of western China (salt lake and heavily saline soil environments).     

不孕症肝郁病理的生殖内分泌实质研究

目的 :探讨肝郁的病理实质及其与下丘脑—垂体—性腺系统功能紊乱———排卵障碍之间的相关性。方法 :选择原发性不孕症患者 70例 ,正常已产妇女 19例作对照 ,以肝郁病理积分、性激素检测为指标。结果 :1.不孕症患者肝郁积分及肝郁分级均显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。 2 .月经周期第 10天 ,肝郁 3级E2 较 0级、2级显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;肝郁分级与性激素间无相关性 ;而PRL与E2 、P、P/E2 呈负相关 (P <0 .0 5～P <0 .0 1) ;PRL与LH、LH/FSH呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。 3.月经周期第2 0天 ,肝郁 1级、3级LH较 0级显著降低 (P <0 .0 1) ;肝郁 3级P较 0级、2级显著增高 ;肝郁 3级PRL较 0级、2级显著升高(P <0 .0 5 ) ;肝郁分级与PRL呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,PRL与LH/FSH呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :“肝为生殖之枢” ,肝郁是不孕症的重要病理环节 ,肝郁———下丘脑—垂体—性腺系统功能紊乱———排卵障碍之间可能存在轴性相关     

移动学习平台在老年专科疾病理论知识培训中的应用

目的探索移动学习平台在老年科护士专科疾病理论知识培训中的应用效果。方法整群抽取老年科护士108名,按病房分为观察组58人和对照组50人。在专科疾病理论知识培训中,对照组采用传统集中理论授课教学法,观察组采用基于即刻学堂的移动学习平台进行教学。结果观察组护士专科理论考核成绩显著高于对照组(P0.01),对培训形式设置,获取知识的及时高效性,激发学习兴趣,促进知识掌握记忆,有效调动学习主动性,提高解决问题能力,培训时间安排合理性的满意度及继续参与培训的意愿显著高于对照组(均P0.01)。结论基于即刻学堂的移动学习平台打破了传统教学的时空束缚,改进了教与学的方式,促进了在职护士理论学习的积极性和效果提高,有利于在职护士掌握理论知识。     

Risk assessment of venous thromboembolism and bleeding in COVID‐19 patients

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a newly recognized illness that has spread rapidly all over the world. More and more reports highlight the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID‐19. Our study aims to identify in‐hospital VTE risk and bleeding risk in COVID‐19 patients.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 138 consecutively enrolled patients with COVID‐19 and identified in‐hospital VTE and bleeding risk by Padua Prediction Score and Improve bleed risk assessment model. The clinical data and features were analyzed in VTE patients.ResultsOur findings identified that 23 (16.7%) patients with COVID‐19 were at high risk for VTE according to Padua prediction score and 9 (6.5%) patients were at high risk of bleeding for VTE prophylaxis according to Improve prediction score. Fifteen critically ill patients faced double high risk from thrombosis (Padua score more than 4 points in all 15 [100%] patients) and hemorrhage (Improve score more than 7 points in 9 [60.0%] patients). Thrombotic events were identified in four patients (2.9%) of all COVID‐19 patients. All of them were diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis by ultrasound 3 to 18 days after admission. Three (75.0%) were critically ill patients, which means that the incidence of VTE among critically ill patients was 20%. One major hemorrhage happened in critically ill patients during VTE treatment.ConclusionCritically ill patients with COVID‐19 suffered both a high risk of thrombosis and bleeding risks. More effective VTE prevention strategies based on an individual assessment of bleeding risks were necessary for critically ill patients with COVID‐19.     

整体护理干预在肺结核合并糖尿病患者中的应用

目的探讨对肺结核合并糖尿病患者实施整体护理干预的效果。方法 90例肺结核合并糖尿病患者按数字随机表法分为观察组和对照组,每组45例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在此基础上实施整体护理干预。比较两组肺结核和血糖控制情况,并评价满意度。结果观察组肺结核治愈率和血糖控制良好率均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组满意度为95.56%（43/45）,对照组为77.78%（35/45）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论整体护理干预能有效提高肺结核合并糖尿病的疗效及满意度,值得临床推广应用。