股骨近端纤维结构不良的手术治疗

目的探讨股骨近端纤维结构不良的手术治疗方式。方法对19例股骨近端纤维结构不良的不同手术治疗方式及术后疗效进行回顾性分析。结果1例术后3d引流管口渗出血清样物质，加强抗感染、营养支持及换药处理后愈合。19例均获随访，时间13—58个月。复查X线片见缺损修复区内有新骨生成改变，骨折处骨愈合；1例术后20个月因外伤致股骨转子下内固定物旁骨折再次手术发现肿瘤复发，行再次刮除植骨内固定术后14个月愈合；除1例未行内固定的病例外，余患者术后患肢功能均得到良好恢复，8—12个月可弃拐行走。结论股骨近端纤维结构不良应积极手术治疗，在彻底刮除病变和充分植骨的基础上，强调内固定的应用。     

Changes in the Masseter Muscle After Curved Osteotomy of the Prominent Mandibular Angle

Background This study aimed to explore the changes in the masseter muscle after curved osteotomy of the prominent mandibular angle and to supply guidance for resection of the mandibular angle. Methods Ultrasonography was used to assess changes in the thickness of the masseter muscle after curved osteotomy for 10 patients (20 hemimandibles) at the 6-month following-up assessment. The measurements were performed under both relaxing and maximal clenching positions through three cross sections of the masseter muscle (planes A, B, and C). Plane A contains the line from the mouth angle to the ipsilateral ear lobe. Planes B and C are parallel planes above and below plane A with a distance of 1 cm between them. Results No significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative thicknesses of the masseter muscle for planes A and B (p > 0.05) was found, but there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) for plane C. The postoperative thickness of the masseter muscle in plane C was reduced by 0.244 ± 0.121 cm in the relaxing position and by 0.244 ± 0.142 cm in the clenching position, which were respectively 19.22% ± 7.785% and 15.404% ± 7.648% of its original thickness. There was no significant difference in the contraction amplitude of the masseter muscle under maximal clenching (p > 0.05) for any of the three cross sections postoperatively. Conclusions The masseter muscle around the mandibular angle becomes atrophied but without functional defect after curved osteotomy. Patients with prominent mandibular angles can be treated simply with curved osteotomy instead of masseter excision.     

Two kinds of posterior approach for Kümmell's disease after osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture

To compare the surgical results of two kinds of posterior approach for osteoporotic thoracolum-bar Kummell's disease.Methods: Clinical and radiographic results of 1-seg-mental pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty (Group A, n=12) or posterior shortening osteotomy (Group B, n=16) for osteoporotic thoracolumbar Kummell's disease were analyzed retrospectively. Japanese orthopedic asso-ciation (JOA) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were used for clinical evaluation. Neurological status was judged by Frankel grades. X-ray was used to evaluate the radio-graphic results. Complications related to operation and de-vices were also considered. Results: The follow-up period was 12-54 months (average 29 months). Pre- and post-operative VAS were 9.3 and 3.2 in Group A, 8.9 and 2.5 in Group B, respectively. The mean JOA score at the final follow-up was significantly higher than that of pre-operation (t=5.306, P<0.001). There was no sig-nificant difference between Groups A and B (t=0.618, P>0.05). The kyphosis were corrected from preoperative 33.9°(A)/37.3°(B) to postoperative 10.3°(A)/6.5°(B), and 15.3°(A)/13.7°(B) at the final follow-up. There was a significant difference between the two groups at the final follow-up. Frankel grade was improved from grade C preoperatively to postopera-tively grade D or E in 7 cases of Group A and 5 cases of Group B, from grade D to E in 5 cases of Group A and 11 cases of Group B. The mean improvement was 1.6 and 1.7 grades for Groups A and B, respectively. There were no serious complications related to internal fixation. Conclusions: The similar clinical results can be ob-tained by the two kinds of posterior surgical methods for osteoporotic Ktimmell's disease. Posterior spinal shorten-ing is a better choice for patients with serious kyphosis combined with neurological deficit than the other.     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎的腔内治疗

Objective To investigate the value of endovascular surgery for the treatment of thromboangitis obliterans (TAO). Methods Sixteen patients (18 limbs) with thromboangitis obliterans were treated by percutaneous transluminal plasty (PTA). Results Angiographic success on the limb basis was achieved in 15 of 18 treated limbs and the initial technical success rate was 83.34%. Doppler anklebrachial index (ABI) increased from 0.33±0.16 to 0.79±0.23 one week after PTA. The follow-up time was 2～24 months, the average time was 10.84 months. The 3-month, 12-month accumulated primary patency rate were 81.33% and 60. 23% respectively. Conclusion PTA is effective primary invasive treatment for thromboangitis obliterans yielding acceptable primary clinical success with a low complication rate and resulting in moderate long-term clinical patency and a high limb salvage rate.     

低蛋白饮食对环孢素A肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化的作用

Objective To investigate whether low-protein diet has protective effect on the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephropathy. Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (6 rats in each group). The rats in control group (C group) received common diet; in model group (M group) low-salt diet; in intervention group (Ⅰ group) low-salt and low-protein diet. After diet adaptation period of one week, the rats in C group received subcutaneous injection of olive oil 1 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks, while M group and Ⅰ group subcutaneous injection of CsA (diluted into 25 g/L with olive oil) 1 ml/kg for 5 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed at the end of the 5th week. The food-intake and body weight were measured daily. The creatinine clearance (Ccr) was examined before rats were sacrificed. The semi-quantitative pathological analysis on kidney sections was performed. The mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-βI) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) in kidney tissue was determined with real time PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results The food-intake and body weight of rats in M and I groups were significantly lower than those in C group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the Ccr levels in M and Ⅰ groups were significantly reduced [(0.65±0.15) ml/min, (0.40+0.13) ml/min vs (1.55±0.29) ml/min, P<0.05], the relative fibrosis areas of kidney interstitium in M and I groups were significantly increased (3.60%±0.46%, 3.26%±0.75% vs 0.44%±0.24%, P<0.05), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 in M and I group was significantly up-regulated (by 2.6 and 3.1 times in mRNA and by 1.5 and 1.6 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of Col Ⅰ in M and I groups was also significantly up-regulated (by 3.0 and 3.5 times in mRNA and by 2.3 and 2.1 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05). There were no significant differences between M and I groups in every parameters above-mentioned except the rat body weight and Ccr. Both the body weight and Ccr in Ⅰ group were significantly lower than those in M group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the urine osmotic pressure in M group and in I group were deceased (for M group, P>0.05; for I group, P<0.05). Compared with C group, the serum cholesterol levels in M and I groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum phosphorus level in I group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of serum albumin and serum calcium of all three groups had no statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion Low-protein diet has no renoprutective effects on the rat model of cyclosporin A nephropathy, on the contrary, may induce body weight loss.     

自体脂肪颗粒隆乳术的适应证及临床分析

目的 探索减少自体脂肪颗粒隆乳术后移植脂肪吸收及提高隆乳效果的方法;总结30例施行脂肪抽吸减肥术联合脂肪颗粒注射隆乳术的手术方法及要点.方法 脂肪抽吸采用国内已普遍推行的肿胀法,抽出脂肪500～3 250 ml.将经过处理后的脂肪颗粒,注射于乳腺后间隙隆乳.其方法为以乳房下皱襞正中部或腋前线为注射进针点,行局部浸润麻醉,左手捏起乳房,将针头穿入乳腺后与胸大肌表面之间的间隙,右手用力将吸入注射器内的脂肪颗粒缓缓推入间隙内,在注射过程中不断变换方向,以利于乳房塑形.结果 脂肪抽吸部位减肥明显,效果满意;隆乳30例,随访6～10个月,乳房外形好,吸收少.结论 自体脂肪颗粒注射隆乳是一种切实可行的方法,值得临床推广使用.     

Proteomic analysis of rat penile tissue in a model of erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy

OBJECTIVE: To identify differential protein expression in penile tissue in a rat model of erectile dysfunction (ED) at an early stage after bilateral cavernosal nerve (CN) neurectomy, using proteomic techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two equal groups, one having bilateral CN resection and one a control group. The penises were harvested 7 days after CN resection. Total protein was separated into >1250 protein spots by two-dimensional electrophoresis using pH 3-10 nonlinear immobilized pH gradient strips. Differential expression of proteins was analysed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and database searching. RESULTS: Thirty-two proteins were significantly changed in the denervated penis, of which 25 (including nine up-regulated and 16 down-regulated) with cytoskeletal functions, and pathophysiological functions related to energy metabolism and oxidative stress, were identified. Examples include transgelin, creatine kinase B, annexin-1 and galactin-7. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of several important proteins participating in pathophysiological processes of penile tissue are changed early after bilateral CN neurectomy. These changes might give new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in neurogenic ED development, and indicate potential therapeutic targets.     

胃癌相关抗原MG7-Ag在食管癌组织中表达的意义

目的 探讨人胃癌相关抗原MG7-Ag在食管癌组织中的表达意义。方法采用ABC免疫组织化学法检测44例远癌食管组织、食管癌旁组织及112例食管癌组织中MG7-Ag的表达。结果MG7-Ag在远癌食管组织、癌旁组织及癌组织中的表达阳性率呈上升趋势，分别为11．4％（5／44）、47．7％（21／44）和75．9％（85／112）；食管癌组织中MG7-Ag的表达阴性24．1％（27／112）、弱阳性24．1％（27／112）、中度阳性33．9％（38／112）和强阳性17．9％（20／112）；MG7-Ag的表达与肿瘤的侵犯深度（P=0．012）、淋巴结转移（P=0．029）和临床病理分期有关，而与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、肿瘤的分化程度和远处转移等无关（P〉0．05）。结论MG7-Ag在食管癌组织中的表达明显高于远癌食管组织及癌旁组织，MG7-Ag可能与食管癌的临床病理分期关系密切。     

触摸手部穴位辅助治疗婴儿肝炎综合征效果观察

目的 观察触摸穴位辅助治疗婴儿肝炎综合征的临床疗效.方法 将60例婴儿肝炎综合征患儿随机分为对照组和观察组各30例.对照组常规使用退黄、抗感染及护肝治疗,观察组在此基础上加用触摸手部穴位辅助治疗.结果 观察组治疗总有效率93.33%,对照组为73.33%,两组比较,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).对照组与观察组治疗后ALT、TBIL、白蛋白比较,差异有显著性意义(均P＜0.05).结论 触摸穴位与常规疗法结合能明显提高婴儿肝炎综合征的治疗效果,改善患儿肝功能.     

PPARγ、STAT-3和BAD在肝细胞肝癌的表达及相互作用研究

目的研究肝细胞肝癌中过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体（peroxlsome proliferators activated receptorsγ，PPARγ）、信号转导和转录激活因子3（STAT-3）及bcl-2相关促凋亡蛋白（BAD）的表达情况及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法利用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和Western blotting技术分别对30例肝细胞肝癌,相应癌旁组织和正常组织包括部分硬化组织中上述动三种指标的mRNA及蛋白含量进行半定量分析,将结果与临床资料进行统计分析。结果PPARγ、STAT-3及BAD mRNA和蛋白在肝细胞肝癌,癌旁和正常组织中的表达有统计学意义,其中mRNA表达分别为PPARγ（χ^2=77.268,P〈0.05）,STAT-3（F=370.187,P〈0.05）,BAD（F=82.647,P〈0.05）,蛋白表达分别为PPARγ（χ^2=7,590,P〈0.05）,STAT-3（χ^2=22.419,P〈0.05）,BAD表达与组织分化程度有关（（F=141.625,P〈0.05）,其中mRNA分别为PPARγ（t=-2.628,P〈0.05）,STAT-3（t= -3.810,P〈0.05）,BAD（t=5,042,P〈0.05）,蛋白分别为PPARγ（M=0.000,P〈0.05）,STAT-3 （t=-3.759,P〈0.05）,BAD（M=61.500,P〈0.05）与肿瘤大小,瘤栓有无,微转移灶及是否发生复发转移等无关。PPARγ与STAT-3mRNA及蛋白表达均为正相关（r=0.750,P〈0.05,r=0.717,P〈0.05）。PPARγ与BAD mRNA蛋白表达均为负相关（r=-0.401,P〈0.05,r=-0.417,P〈0.05）。STAT-3与BADmRNA蛋白表达均为负相关（r=-0.617,P〈0.05,r=-0.485,P〈0.05）。结论PPARγ、STAT-3在肝细胞肝癌高表达而BAD低表达并与其组织分化和发展有关。