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排序方式: 共有1168条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
931.
Hui Chen Paul Michel Vanhoutte Susan Wai Sum Leung 《Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology》2020,127(2):81-91
Adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), expressed/present ubiquitously in the body, contributes to metabolic regulation. In the vasculature, activation of AMPK is associated with several beneficial biological effects including enhancement of vasodilatation, reduction of oxidative stress and inhibition of inflammatory reactions. The vascular protective effects of certain anti‐diabetic (metformin and sitagliptin) or lipid‐lowering (simvastatin and fenofibrate) therapeutic agents, of active components of Chinese medicinal herbs (resveratrol and berberine) and of pharmacological agents (AICAR, A769662 and PT1) have been attributed to the activation of AMPK (in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and/or perivascular adipocytes), independently of changes in the metabolic profile (eg glucose tolerance and/or plasma lipoprotein levels), leading to improved endothelium‐derived nitric oxide‐mediated vasodilatation and attenuated endothelium‐derived cyclooxygenase‐dependent vasoconstriction. By contrast, endothelial AMPK activation with pharmacological agents or by genetic modification is associated with reduced endothelium‐dependent relaxations in small blood vessels and elevated systolic blood pressure. Indeed, AMPK activators inhibit endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization (EDH)‐type relaxations in superior mesenteric arteries, partly by inhibiting endothelial calcium‐activated potassium channel signalling. Therefore, AMPK activation is not necessarily beneficial in terms of endothelial function. The contribution of endothelial AMPK in the regulation of vascular tone, in particular in the microvasculature where EDH plays a more important role, remains to be characterized. 相似文献
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Saskia Lassche Anke Rietveld Arend Heerschap Hieronymus W van Hees Maria TE Hopman Nicol C Voermans Christiaan GJ Saris Baziel GM van Engelen Coen AC Ottenheijm 《Neuromuscular disorders : NMD》2019,29(6):468-476
Atrophy and fatty infiltration are important causes of muscle weakness in inclusion body myositis (IBM). Muscle weakness can also be caused by reduced specific force; i.e. the amount of force generated per unit of residual muscle tissue. This study investigates in vivo specific force of the quadriceps and ex vivo specific force of single muscle fibers in patients with IBM. We included 8 participants with IBM and 12 healthy controls, who all underwent quantitative muscle testing, quantitative MRI of the quadriceps and paired muscle biopsies of the quadriceps and tibialis anterior. Single muscle fibers were isolated to measure muscle fiber specific force and contractile properties. Both in vivo quadriceps specific force and ex vivo muscle fiber specific force were reduced. Muscle fiber dysfunction was accompanied by reduced active stiffness, which reflects a decrease in the number of attached actin-myosin cross-bridges during activation. Myosin concentration was reduced in IBM fibers. Because reduced specific force contributes to muscle weakness in patients with IBM, therapeutic strategies that augment muscle fiber strength may provide benefit to patients with IBM. 相似文献
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The impact of genome wide supported microRNA‐137 (MIR137) risk variants on frontal and striatal white matter integrity,neurocognitive functioning,and negative symptoms in schizophrenia 下载免费PDF全文
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Neelima Mishra Jai Prakash Narayan Singh Bina Srivastava Usha Arora Naman K Shah SK Ghosh RM Bhatt SK Sharma MK Das Ashwani Kumar Anupkumar R Anvikar Kamlesh Kaitholia Ruchi Gupta GS Sonal AC Dhariwal Neena Valecha 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》2012,90(12):895-904