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11.
Scoring manual for the Thought Disorder Index 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
12.
Lumbosacral nerve root avulsion 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
13.
14.
Morphological comparison of sperm in raw ejaculates and swim-ups showed that the swim-up process does not simply increase the proportion of 'normal' sperm. Rather, sperm of specific morphologies have characteristic grades of upward motility. 相似文献
15.
Motoaki Nakamura Dean F Salisbury Yoshio Hirayasu Sylvain Bouix Kilian M Pohl Takeshi Yoshida Min-Seong Koo Martha E Shenton Robert W McCarley 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2007,62(7):773-783
BACKGROUND: Overall neocortical gray matter (NCGM) volume has not been studied in first-episode schizophrenia (FESZ) at first hospitalization or longitudinally to evaluate progression, nor has it been compared with first-episode affective psychosis (FEAFF). METHODS: Expectation-maximization/atlas-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tissue segmentation into gray matter, white matter (WM), or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at first hospitalization of 29 FESZ and 34 FEAFF, plus 36 matched healthy control subjects (HC), and, longitudinally approximately 1.5 years later, of 17 FESZ, 21 FEAFF, and 26 HC was done. Manual editing separated NCGM and its lobar parcellation, cerebral WM (CWM), lateral ventricles (LV), and sulcal CSF (SCSF). RESULTS: At first hospitalization, FESZ and FEAFF showed smaller NCGM volumes and larger SCSF and LV than HC. Longitudinally, FESZ showed NCGM volume reduction (-1.7%), localized to frontal (-2.4%) and temporal (-2.6%) regions, and enlargement of SCSF (7.2%) and LV (10.4%). Poorer outcome was associated with these LV and NCGM changes. FEAFF showed longitudinal NCGM volume increases (3.6%) associated with lithium or valproate administration but without clinical correlations and regional localization. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal NCGM volume reduction and CSF component enlargement in FESZ are compatible with post-onset progression. Longitudinal NCGM volume increase in FEAFF may reflect neurotrophic effects of mood stabilizers. 相似文献
16.
N R Parrott T W Lennard R M Taylor G Proud B K Shenton I D Johnston 《The British journal of surgery》1986,73(12):970-973
The aim of the present study was to examine the outcome of 517 patients undergoing curative surgery for colonic and rectal cancer, and to compare the recurrence and mortality rates in transfused and non-transfused groups of patients. The two groups were evenly matched for age, sex, Dukes' stage and histological differentiation. There were significantly more rectal tumours in the transfused group (P less than 0.01), but the distribution of colonic lesions did not differ. Life table analysis revealed that the transfused patients had a 20 per cent greater probability of recurrence at 5 years (P less than 0.005) and there were 16 per cent more cancer related deaths (P less than 0.01). Even when all rectal cancers were excluded, a similar trend was seen for the colonic lesions: a 24 per cent greater probability of recurrence at 5 years (P less than 0.025) and 15 per cent more cancer related deaths (P less than 0.02). We conclude that blood transfusion may be associated with increased mortality and recurrence in patients undergoing curative surgery for colorectal cancer. 相似文献
17.
BACKGROUND: Growing interest is nowadays focused on the quality of life of
elderly people who survive with chronic diseases. Coronary heart disease
(CHD) is one of the most common diseases among the elderly and may have an
unfavourable impact on the patient's emotional well-being. OBJECTIVES: We
aimed to describe the prevalence of depression and the occurrence of
depressive symptoms among elderly CHD patients, with a special emphasis on
the relations between depression and the severity of CHD, and to find out
the possible association between CHD and depression. METHODS: The study was
carried out at the health centre of the municipality of Lieto, in
south-west Finland. The study population consisted of 488
community-dwelling men and 708 women, over 64 years old, from among whom
the participants with CHD (89 men and 73 women) were selected, and for whom
178 male and 146 female sex- and age- matched controls (free of CHD) were
drawn from the population. CHD patients were selected on the basis of the
presence of angina pectoris or a past myocardial infarction. Depressive
symptoms were measured with the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale.
Depression was described in relation to the severity of dyspnoea and chest
pain among patients. The associations between depression and age, health,
health behaviour, drugs, functional ability and social, psychosocial and
environmental factors were analysed by logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS: The prevalence of depression was 29% among male patients and 20%
among female patients. Depression was significantly more common among male
CHD patients than among male controls (P = 0.011). Among women, depression
was not associated with CHD. Earlier, depression had gone undiagnosed among
many CHD patients and controls, especially male patients. Among male CHD
patients, depression was associated with more severe dyspnoea, but no
similar association was found among female CHD patients. Among men the
occurrence of CHD, physical disability, widowhood or divorce, and among
women previous clinical depression, physical disability and the use of
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, were associated with
depression. CONCLUSION: Depression is common among patients with CHD. It
seems that CHD is not an independent factor in the aetiology of depression
among the elderly. The association of CHD with depression among men is
explained by the acute or chronic psychic stress caused by CHD. It may be
that the more complicated the patient's CHD, the more probable is the
presence of depression.
相似文献
18.
B M Greenwood A M Greenwood A K Bradley F C Shenton A W Smith R W Snow K Williams T A Eggelte H Huikeshoven M de Wit 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》1986,64(6):909-916
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent asays (ELISAs) are described for determining levels of dapsone and pyrimethamine in urine. Both assays have a sensitivity of about 20 μg/l and are reproducible, but each produces some false positives. The problem of false positive reactions was partially obviated by requiring positive results in both assays. In a pilot study involving 50 children aged 3 months to 4 years who were given a single dose of Maloprim (pyrimethamine + dapsone), 75% were positive for dapsone 7 days after administration of the drug, while 25% were still positive 15 days after its administration. The corresponding proportions for pyrimethamine were 73% and 30%, respectively. Comparison of the results obtained in a larger chemoprophylaxis trial with those from the pilot study indicated that the assays described could be used to investigate whether antimalarials had been taken. 相似文献
19.
From a review of 131 children with arthrogryposis, we studied 18 patients with hip dislocations. Fourteen patients (10 unilateral, four bilateral) were treated by open reduction. Mean age at surgery was 9.7 months, and follow-up ranged from 9 to 245 months. Range of motion of patients treated by open reduction following the medial approach was greater than in those treated by anterolateral incision and greater than in bilateral cases treated by closed reduction. Acetabular development was satisfactory following the medial approach and there were no re-dislocations, but one hip developed avascular necrosis. 相似文献
20.
IS Park H Kiyomoto F Alvarez YC Xu HE Abboud SL Abboud 《American journal of kidney diseases》1998,32(6):1000-1010
The renal insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of renal hypertrophy, altered hemodynamics, and extracellular matrix expansion associated with early diabetes. The relative abundance of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the renal microenvironment may modulate IGF-I actions. However, the precise IGFBPs expressed in the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments during diabetic renal growth have not been characterized. In the present study, in situ hybridization studies were performed to examine the expression of IGFBP-1 to -6 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) 3, 7, and 14 days after streptozotocin (STZ) injection in rats. In control, nondiabetic kidneys, all six IGFBP mRNAs were differentially expressed with a predominance of IGFBP-5. The onset of renal hypertrophy in STZ-induced diabetes was associated with a rapid and site-specific induction of IGFBP-1, -3, and -5 mRNAs. In contrast, basal expression of IGFBP-2, -4, and -6 mRNAs was not altered in diabetic rats. IGFBP-5 mRNA expression increased in diabetic glomeruli, cortical, and inner medullary peritubular interstitial cells at days 3, 7, and 14. Although normal glomeruli failed to express IGFBP-3, it was induced concomitantly with IGFBP-5 in diabetic glomeruli and cortical peritubular interstitial cells. IGFBP-1 mRNA levels also increased in cortical tubular cells at each time point tested. Peak induction of IGFBP-3 and -5 was observed at day 3, whereas IGFBP-1 was delayed until day 7. IGFBP-1, -3, and -5 mRNA levels declined by day 14, but remained persistently elevated above control. By immunoperoxidase staining, similar alterations in the pattern of IGFBP-3 and -5 protein expression were observed at each time point. The preferential and site-specific increase in IGFBP-1, -3, and -5 suggest that these IGFBPs may regulate the local autocrine and/or paracrine actions of IGF-I and contribute to the pathogenesis of the early manifestations of diabetic nephropathy. 相似文献