Many countries offer different pathways through which migrants can enter a new country. In Canada, there are three main immigrant admission classes: economic, family, and refugee. Previous research suggests that there are differences in health outcomes among various subgroups of migrants. A scoping review was conducted to characterize the role of immigrant admission classes on the health and well-being of immigrants and refugees in Canada. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, and EconLit databases were searched for quantitative studies published in English after 1990. The screening and selection process identified 27 relevant studies. Studies were categorized into four key reported outcomes: health care and services utilization, self-rated health and mental health, medical conditions and chronic illnesses, and social integration and satisfaction. Findings confirm that certain subgroups have worse health outcomes after arrival, particularly refugees, family class and other dependent immigrants. Health outcomes vary significantly across immigrant subgroups defined by the admission class through which they entered Canada.
To extend our understanding of self-management by using original data and a recent concept analysis to propose a unifying framework for self-management strategies.
Methods
Longitudinal interview data with 117 people with neurological conditions were used to test a preliminary framework derived from the literature. Statements from the interviews were sorted according to the predefined categories of the preliminary framework to investigate the fit between the framework and the qualitative data. Data on frequencies of strategies complemented the qualitative analysis.
Results
The Taxonomy of Every Day Self-management Strategies (TEDSS) Framework includes five Goal-oriented Domains (Internal, Social Interaction, Activities, Health Behaviour and Disease Controlling), and two additional Support-oriented Domains (Process and Resource). The Support-oriented Domain strategies (such as information seeking and health navigation) are not, in and of themselves, goal focused. Instead, they underlie and support the Goal-oriented Domain strategies. Together, the seven domains create a comprehensive and unified framework for understanding how people with neurological conditions self-manage all aspects of everyday life.
Conclusions
The resulting TEDSS Framework provides a taxonomy that has potential to resolve conceptual confusion within the field of self-management science.
Practice Implications
The TEDSS Framework may help to guide health service delivery and research. 相似文献
Lasers in Medical Science - This study evaluated the effects of diode and erbium lasers, as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP), on clinical and immunological parameters in non-surgical... 相似文献
TB is an increasing health problem, and patients undergoing HSCT are more prone to develop tuberculosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate prevalence of latent tuberculosis in HSCT recipients. In this study, 84 patients (2 months to 18 years) who were candidates for HSCT at the referral hospital of Tehran Children's Medical Center were enrolled. The TST and the QFT‐GIT test were performed in all 84 patients, simultaneously. LTBI was considered when one of the tests was positive. Overall, the prevalence of LTBI in HSCT recipients in our study was 12% (10 cases). TST induration ≥5 mm was seen in only three patients (3.5%). Eight patients (9.5%) had a positive result for IGRA test, and 11 of them (13%) had indeterminate QFT‐GIT result. The agreement between the TST results (induration size ≥5 mm) and the QFT‐GIT results was poor (kappa = 0.14). In conclusion, there was a high rate of discordance between TST and IGRA results with many more positive QFT‐GIT tests. However, more studies are needed in this population to determine whether this discordance reflects true infection. 相似文献
Sperm premature chromosomal condensation (PCC) has been associated with failed fertilization. Previous studies suggest that protamine deficiency or failed oocyte activation may make spermatozoa prone to PCC. However, it is not clear which of these two factors has a more profound effect on fertilization failure. In order to distinguish between these two phenomena, oocytes that failed to fertilize after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were artificially activated and the association between protamine deficiency and PCC was evaluated in the remaining oocytes that failed to fertilize. The results of this study reveal that after artificial activation, fertilization rate post-ICSI increased from 59.95 to 87.7% and PCC spermatozoa appeared to be present in over 50% of the remaining oocytes that failed to fertilize. The percentage of sperm PCC was significantly higher in protamine deficient samples, thus suggesting that after failed oocyte activation, sperm PCC induced by protamine deficiency may be considered as an alternative cause of failed fertilization post-ICSI. Furthermore, the results of this study did not show any correlation between pronuclei size asynchrony and protamine deficiency. 相似文献
Oral polio vaccine (OPV) has been used safely and efficiently for more than 40 years in preventive medicine. Vaccine-associated
paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) is a rare adverse event of OPV due to reversion of the vaccine strain virus to a neurovirulent
strain. VAPP can occur in healthy recipients or their close contacts. However, persons with primary humoral immunodeficiencies
are at a much higher risk. X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a prototypic humoral deficiency caused by mutations in the
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene. In addition to susceptibility to bacterial infections, patients with XLA are especially prone to enteroviruses. Here,
we describe the occurrence of VAPP in a 15-month old Iranian boy. The child had received four doses of OPV, administered at
birth, 2, 4, and 6 months of age. The patient’s infectious history was unremarkable. Laboratory evaluation revealed low levels
of immunoglobulin G and CD19+ B cells of less than 1% of the lymphocyte population. A novel insertion (c.685_686insTTAC) in the SH3 domain of the BTK gene was detected as the underlying cause. Immunodeficient recipients of OPV can excrete poliovirus vaccine strains for a
long period and are at risk of developing flaccid paralysis. They could also serve as a source of reverted virulent poliovirus
to be reintroduced into the general population. This patient presented for the first time with VAPP, without any history of
other major infections in 15 months. This suggests that a negative history for recurrent infections does not exclude the presence
of a primary defect in the immune system. 相似文献
Nosocomial, or hospital-acquired, infections are considered the most common complications affecting hospitalized patients. According to results obtained from studies conducted in the Children Medical Center Hospital, a teaching children''s hospital and a tertiary care referral unit in Tehran, Iran, improvements in infection control practices in our hospital seem necessary. The aim of this study was to identify risk management and review potential hospital hazards that may pose a threat to the health as well as safety and welfare of patients in an Iranian referral hospital. Barriers to compliance and poor design of facilities, impractical guidelines and policies, lack of a framework for risk management, failure to apply behavioral-change theory, and insufficient obligation and enforcement by infection control personnel highlight the need of management systems in infection control in our hospital. In addition, surveillance and early reporting of infections, evaluation of risk-based interventions, and production of evidence-based guidelines in our country are recommended. 相似文献