核素标记混合抗体瘤内注射治疗大肠癌的实验研究

目的:为临床应用混合抗体进行放射免疫治疗提供实验依据。方法:在裸鼠荷人大肠癌Lovo移植瘤生长至1cm时,瘤内分别或同时注射~(131)I标记的抗CL_3单克隆抗体(~(131)I-CL_3)和~(131)I标记抗FERR单克隆抗体T_9(~(131)I-T_9),治疗后行SPECT显像观察标记抗体在肿瘤内的浓聚,并进行疗效观察。结果:我们发现两种抗体混合治疗组疗效明显好于单独治疗组,抗体在肿瘤内的浓聚也大于单独应用。结论:多种抗体混合应用瘤内注射放射免疫治疗可增加标记抗体在肿瘤内的浓聚,并能提高放射免疫治疗的疗效。     

高脂血症大鼠红细胞扫描电镜观察

目的 :探讨高脂血症红细胞形态变化和临床意义。方法 :Wistar大鼠分为正常对照组 ( NC)和高脂血症组 ( HL,喂饲高脂饲料 ) ,利用扫描电镜观察红细胞形态改变并计数分类。结果 :与 NC组比较 ,HL组的正常红细胞百分比由 76.4 %减少到 4 5.7%、棘型红细胞、球口型红细胞、靶型红细胞分别由4 %、2 .2 %、1.5%增加到 17.3%、10 .4 %、5.8% ,嵴型和其它异型红细胞也略有增加。结论 :高脂血症的异型红细胞明显增加。     

益母草中阿魏酸的色谱鉴别

目的：鉴别益母草中是否含阿魏酸,方法：采用薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法鉴别不同提取溶煤制备的样品,结果：从益母草中能检出阿魏酸。结论：益母草中可能含游离的阿魏酸,以5％Na2CO3溶液替代药典中的甲醇提取,方法简化,稳定性高,重现性好。     

腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎兔模型的病理形态学观察

用 12只新西兰大白兔分为腹膜炎组和对照组。腹膜炎组注射含活金黄色葡萄球菌的透析液 ,对照组为含生理盐水的透析液 ;观察腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎兔模型的病理变化。结果发现 :(1)腹膜炎组腹膜间皮细胞增生 ,水肿 ,血管扩张 ,炎症细胞浸润 ,对照组无变化。 (2 )腹膜炎组腹膜透液中葡萄糖浓度除 0min外 ,其他各时间点D/D0 葡萄糖均低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。 (3)腹膜炎组腹透液中肌酐浓度与血浆肌酐浓度比值 (D/Dcr)显著高于对照组中的浓度比值 (P <0 .0 5 )。 (4 )腹膜炎组透析液中WBC计数除O点外 ,其余各时间点明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。提示新西兰兔腹膜注射含活金黄色葡萄球菌 48h后 ,进行腹膜透析时 ,其腹膜病理改变与临床腹膜透析并发腹膜炎特征基本一致     

大鼠原生殖细胞的形态学及分化特性

目的 研究大鼠胚胎原生殖细胞（Primordial germ cells, PGCs）的形态及其分化特性。方法 取受精后10.5 d的大鼠胚胎作HE染色,取受精后11.0~12.5 d的大鼠胚胎生殖嵴进行PGCs原代培养,光、电镜观察PGCs及其分化细胞的微细结构,碱性磷酸酶 (ALP) 染色检测细胞的分化程度。结果 大鼠PGCs位于卵黄囊内胚层深部的间充质内,体积大,呈椭圆形或不规则形;核大,染色质细密,含1~2个核仁。体外培养可见PGCs大而圆,散在分布,或聚集成团,胞质中含有椭圆形的线粒体和丰富的核糖体,ALP反应呈阳性;培养4~5 d,PGCs形态不规则,有伪足,ALP反应减弱,进一步分化可形成神经元样细胞、表皮细胞、心肌细胞、分泌细胞以及类似血管、心脏的管腔样结构等。由PGCs分化来的细胞ALP反应均呈阴性。结论 大鼠生殖嵴来源的PGCs是一种具有发育全能的、可分化形成3个胚层衍生物的胚胎多能干细胞。     

左右侧星状神经节阻滞对冠脉循环影响的实验研究

目的探讨左右侧星状神经节阻滞(SGB)对左冠状动脉急性闭塞区域的心肌组织血流及心肌血氧供需关系的影响.方法取犬24只,急性闭塞左冠状动脉前降支后,随机分为三组.对照组不进行SGB(6只);右侧SGB组(9只);左侧SGB组(9只),观察血液流变学有关指标变化.结果①左冠状动脉前降支闭塞后,心率(HR)、左冠状动脉回旋支血流量(CoBF)、左心室舒张期终末压(EDP)、心肌氧摄取率(MOER)显著增加(P＜0.05);闭塞区域心肌组织血流量(CBF)、心率血压双乘积(RPP)显著减少(P＜0.05);但三组间差异无显著性.②左SGB后HR、舒张期动脉血压(dBP)、CoBF、CBF无显著变化;左颈动脉血流量(LCaBF)、EDP、MOER、RPP与阻滞前相比有意义增加(P＜0.05).③右SGB后,EDP阻滞前后相比有意义增加(P＜0.05);HR、CoBF、RPP显著减少(P＜0.05).④HR、LCaBF、RPP、CoBF左右不同侧变化差异有显著性(P＜0.05).对照组左冠状动脉前下支闭塞后15min和30min各项测定指标没有显著性变化.结论急性左冠状动脉前降支闭塞导致的MOER、RPP的增加,左SGB无改善作用,并使其进一步增加;而右侧SGB后引起HR、CoBF、RPP显著减少.提示急性心肌梗塞时,左SGB有可能使心肌缺血、缺氧恶化,而右侧SGB在解除心脏疼痛的同时可减少心肌的耗氧量,因而有治疗作用.     

Transurethral laser versus open simple prostatectomy for large volume prostates: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

The benefit of transurethral laser prostatectomy over open simple prostatectomy (OSP) is controversial in aged symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with large volume prostates, and the aim of this study is to compare the safety and efficiency of these two methods. Meta-analysis was applied using the Review Manager V5.3 software and the retrieved randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) comparing transurethral laser prostatectomy with OSP were analyzed for the treatment of large volume prostates from 2000 to 2019 in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and EMBASE datasets. Five RCTs assessing transurethral laser prostatectomy versus OSP were considered suitable for this meta-analysis, which included a total of 448 patients, with 232 patients undergoing laser and 216 patients undergoing OSP. Compared with OSP, although transurethral laser prostatectomy required a longer operative time (weighted mean difference (WMD) 27.49 mins; 95% confidence interval (CI) 16.54–38.44; P?<?0.00001) and obtained a less resected prostate weight (WMD ??11.72 g; 95% CI ??21.75 to ??1.70; P?=?0.02), patients undergoing laser prostatectomy benefited from significantly less hemoglobin decline (??0.97 g/dL; 95% CI ??1.31 to ??0.64; P?<?0.00001), shorter time of catheterization (WMD ??3.67 days; 95% CI ??5.60 to ??1.75; P?=?0.0002), shorter length of hospital stay (WMD ??4.75 days; 95% CI ??6.57 to ??2.93; P?<?0.00001), and less blood transfusion (odds ratio 0.10; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.35; P?=?0.0003). During postoperative follow-up, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in IPSS, QoL, Q_max, and PVR. Both transurethral laser prostatectomy and OSP are safe and effective for large prostates that require prostate resection. Taking into account of less blood loss, shorter catheterization time and hospital stay, and less blood transfusion, transurethral laser prostatectomy may be a better treatment for patients with large prostates.

     

Safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound neurosurgery for Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

Neurosurgical Review - Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) neurosurgery is a new option for medication-resistant Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its safety and...     

To screen or not to screen? The development of a prediction model for aorto-iliac stenosis in kidney transplant candidates

Screening for aorto-iliac stenosis is important in kidney transplant candidates as its presence affects pre-transplantation decisions regarding side of implantation and the need for an additional vascular procedure. Reliable imaging techniques to identify this condition require contrast fluid, which can be harmful in these patients. To guide patient selection for these imaging techniques, we aimed to develop a prediction model for the presence of aorto-iliac stenosis. Patients with contrast-enhanced imaging available in the pre-transplant screening between January 1st, 2000 and December 31st, 2018 were included. A prediction model was developed using multivariable logistic regression analysis and internally validated using bootstrap resampling. Model performance was assessed with the concordance index and calibration slope. Three hundred and seventy-three patients were included, 90 patients (24.1%) had imaging-proven aorto-iliac stenosis. Our final model included age, smoking, peripheral arterial disease, coronary artery disease, a previous transplant, intermittent claudication and the presence of a femoral artery murmur. The model yielded excellent discrimination (optimism-corrected concordance index: 0.83) and calibration (optimism-corrected calibration slope: 0.91). In conclusion, this prediction model can guide the development of standardized protocols to decide which patients should receive vascular screening to identify aorto-iliac stenosis. External validation is needed before this model can be implemented in patient care.