主动脉窦瘤破裂的外科治疗

报告３７例主动脉窦瘤破裂手术治疗结果。着重介绍手术方法，主张采用主动脉根部和窦瘤破入心腔的双切口，切除、修补窦瘤的同时矫正合并畸形。伴主动脉瓣膜垂致中度关闭不全者，主张行主动脉瓣替换术。术后早期死亡１例，余３５例随访６个月－１４年，心功能恢复良好。     

Ethylene oxide does not extinguish the osteoinductive capacity of demineralized bone: A reappraisal in rats

We examined the influence of ethylene oxide (EO) and gamma irradiation on the osteoinductive capacity of demineralized bone. Demineralized bone powder prepared from Wistar rats was exposed to EO (55 °C or 40 °C) or gamma irradiation (25 KGy) or was preserved in ethanol. Sterilely-prepared bones served as controls. The powder was packed in a gelatin capsule and implanted for 6 weeks in muscles of 6-week-old female rats. Exposure of demineralized bone particles to EO 55 °C resulted in an almost complete loss of osteoinductivity. Irradiated bones lost about 40% of their osteoinductive capacity, while sterilization with EO at 40 °C resulted in only a slight alteration of the osteoinductivity, as assessed by the recovered weight ratio, calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity measurements and histo-morphometry. Ethanol treatment had no influence on the new bone yield when compared to controls.

As EO exposure at 40 °C is a true sterilization procedure, it can be recommended in a clinical setting for its small effect on osteoinductive capacity as assessed experimentally in rats.     

防床垫污染保护罩使用效果的研究

目的 探讨防止病房床垫污染的有效方法，保持床垫干燥洁净，消除医院感染隐患。方法 选择病房使用中的床垫100张，随机分成实验组和对照组各50张，两组床垫经清洁、消毒后进行表面采样，送细菌培养，然后，实验组先铺保护罩再铺床单，对照组直接铺床单，比较两组在第3、7、14天的细菌菌落数。结果 实验组床垫干净污染轻、菌落数少，对照组床垫污染重、菌落数多；两组床垫在第3、7、14天的菌落总数及各采样点菌落数比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论保护罩防渗阻菌性能良好，可保护床垫免受污染。     

米非司酮治疗异位妊娠68例疗效观察

目的评价米非司酮用于保守治疗异位妊娠的疗效。方法所选病例均住院治疗，予口服米非司酮50mg，每天两次，连服6天，定期复查B超和测定血p—HCG水平以观察疗效。结果68例异位妊娠患者的治疗，治愈46例，治愈率67．7％。结论米非司酮保守治疗异位妊娠疗效确切，副作用小。     

Ductal shunting and effective systemic blood flow following single dose surfactant treatment in the premature baboon with hyaline membrane disease.

We studied the hemodynamic effects of using natural surfactant in premature baboons with hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Study animals (n = 5) received a single dose of surfactant immediately after delivery and control animals (n = 8) did not. Using microspheres at 3, 8, and 23 h we found no significant differences in left ventricular output, effective systemic flow, systemic-to-pulmonary patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) shunting, or in cerebral or renal organ blood flow. However, both groups had large PDA shunts (fraction of LVO to lungs greater than 0.40-0.55 at 3 and 8 h) resulting in low systemic perfusion (less than 80 ml/min/kg). Single dose surfactant did not improve the myocardial dysfunction and low cerebral and renal blood flow which occur during treatment for HMD.     

脉冲式电磁辐射对大鼠血脑屏障影响的量效关系

目的 研究脉冲式电磁辐射(EMR)对大鼠血脑屏障(BBB)影响的量效关系。方法 采用伊思蓝静脉注射，荧光显微镜下观察不同脉冲次数的EMR辐照对大鼠BBB开放的影响。结果 伊思蓝在EMR诱发的大鼠BBB开放局部呈现荧光斑；随着EMR脉冲次数(0～200次)的增加，荧光斑数量增加、面积增大；荧光斑在EMR组全脑的分布，以皮质、丘脑、下丘脑、小脑、尾壳核和延髓较多。结论 不同脉冲次数EMR诱发大鼠BBB开放程度不同，随脉冲次数增加，血管通透性增强，200次时达开放高峰，皮质区BBB开放最明显。     

顺铂对结直肠癌肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞杀伤活性的影响

为在临床选择有效的免疫化疗方案提供一定的理论依据，作者以结直肠癌肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（ＴＩＬ）和顺铂（ＣＤＤＰ）为研究对象，对１６名手术治疗的结直肠癌患者，分别观察ＣＤＤＰ体内注射及体外预处理ＴＩＬ和Ｒａｊｉ细胞对ＴＩＬ表面标志和杀伤活性的影响。流式细胞仪检测结果显示，静脉注射ＣＤＤＰ能增加结直肠癌ＴＩＬ中ＣＤ３＋／ＣＤ４＋和ＣＤ３＋／ＣＤ８＋细胞含量，同时增强ＴＩＬ体外杀伤Ｒａｊｉ细胞的活性；而体外以ＣＤＤＰ处理Ｒａｊｉ细胞能增强其对结直肠癌ＴＩＬ杀伤的敏感性。作者认为，对于联合应用ＴＩＬ和ＣＤＤＰ治疗结直肠癌的临床效果有必要进一步研究。     

无注气内镜下甲状腺次全切除术的手术护理

目的探讨无注气内镜下甲状腺次全切除术的手术方法及术中护理要点。方法6例经右侧锁骨上外侧1/3处行长2.5cm的小切口进入,分离皮下致颈阔肌后纵形切开颈白线,分离胸骨舌骨肌和胸骨甲状腺肌,暴露甲状腺,建立置镜通道,在内镜引导下用超声刀分别离断甲状腺下,上极血管,超声刀切割甲状腺,缝合创面,检查无活动性出血,放置引流管,皮内缝合手术切口,完成手术。结果刀口隐蔽完美,颈部无暴露的切口,手术术野清晰,出血减少,手术中副损伤减少。结论术前访视,术中积极的护理配合及观察对于无注气内镜下甲状腺手术的成功十分重要。     

大鼠子宫内膜抗菌成分的初步分析

作者以１％乙酸冲洗ＳＤ大鼠子宫内膜，获得子宫内膜酸溶性提取物。利用琼脂糖弥散法和电泳凝胶琼脂糖弥散法抗菌试验发现，子宫内膜提取物有三条主蛋白带对致病性大肠杆菌ＭＬ－３５Ｐ耐药株有强抗菌活性，这三条抗菌蛋白带命名为ＲａｔＵＰ－１，ＲａｔＵＰ－２和ＲａｔＵＰ－３，分别占子宫内膜提取物总蛋白量的４．５％，５．７％和６．６％。虽然提取物存在溶菌的活性，但其含量甚微，在ＡＵ一ＰＡＧＥ图谱上亦未能显现溶菌酶条带。本实验的结果提示子宫内膜合成一类抗菌多肽，可能在子宫抗菌机制中发挥重要作用。